Dietary modulation of microRNAs in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Various molecular mechanisms have been proposed to interfere with the insulin signaling pathway. Recent advances in proteomics and genomics indicate that one such mechanism involves the post-transcriptional regulation of insulin signaling by microRNA (miRNA).

Effects of grape juice intake on the cell migration properties in overweight women: Modulation mechanisms of cell migration in vitro by delphinidin-3-O-glucoside.

Overweight and obesity are typical conditions of chronic low-intensity systemic inflammatory responses, and both have become more common in recent decades, which emphasizes the necessity for healthier diet intake. Fruits such as grapes are rich in anthocyanins, one of which is delphinidin, a promising chemopreventive agent with anti-inflammatory properties. Considering that polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) are rapidly mobilized to tissues when the inflammatory process is initiated, this study aimed to understand the impact of grape juice intake and delphinidin on the migration properties of PMNs.

Blood orange juice intake changes specific bacteria of gut microbiota associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers.

Blood orange juice is an important source of flavanones and anthocyanins, mainly hesperidin, narirutin, and cyanidin-3--glucoside. The benefits of these bioactive compounds have been reported, but the mechanistic details behind their biological effects are not well established. This study investigated the effects of Moro orange ( L.

Blood orange juice intake modulates plasma and PBMC microRNA expression in overweight and insulin-resistant women: impact on MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways.

Blood orange consumption presents potential health benefits and may modulate epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNAs (miRNAs) expression. MiRNAs are non-coding RNAs responsible for post-transcriptional gene regulation, and these molecules can also be used as biomarkers in body fluids. This study was designed to investigate the effect of chronic blood orange juice (BOJ) intake on the inflammatory response and miRNA expression profile in plasma and blood cells in overweight women.

Acute green tea intake attenuates circulating microRNA expression induced by a high-fat, high-saturated meal in obese women: A randomized crossover study.

The objective of this study was to assess whether acute green tea (GT) supplementation attenuates inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by high-fat, high-saturated (HFHS) meals in obese women, and to assess its ability to modulate circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. The study included obese women over 18 years old who had no comorbidities.

Ingestion of orange juice prevents hyperglycemia and increases plasma miR-375 expression.

Background & Aims: The intake of high-fat, high-carbohydrate (HFHC) meals is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. There is evidence that the association of orange juice to a HFHC meal can modulate the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) linked to pancreatic β-cell function such as miR-375. We evaluated the effect of a commercial orange juice intake with HFHC meal on plasma miRNAs expression in twelve healthy subjects in a crossover design study.

Postprandial plasma lipidome responses to a high-fat meal among healthy women.

Postprandial lipemia consists of changes in concentrations and composition of plasma lipids after food intake, commonly presented as increased levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia may also affect high-density lipoprotein (HDL) structure and function, resulting in a net decrease in HDL concentrations. Elevated triglycerides (TG) and reduced HDL levels have been positively associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases development.

Nutritional genomics, inflammation and obesity.

The Human Genome Project has significantly broadened our understanding of the molecular aspects regulating the homeostasis and the pathophysiology of different clinical conditions. Consequently, the field of nutrition has been strongly influenced by such improvements in knowledge - especially for determining how nutrients act at the molecular level in different conditions, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In this manner, characterizing how the genome influences the diet and vice-versa provides insights about the molecular mechanisms involved in chronic inflammation-related diseases.

Circulating plasma microRNAs dysregulation and metabolic endotoxemia induced by a high-fat high-saturated diet.

Unlabelled: High-fat diet increase two to three times the plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and induce subclinical inflammation. Diet can modify gene expression due to epigenetic processes related to MicroRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important role in the post-transcriptional mechanisms involved in regulation of expression of genes related to the inflammatory response.

Nutrimiromics: Role of microRNAs and Nutrition in Modulating Inflammation and Chronic Diseases.

Nutrimiromics studies the influence of the diet on the modification of gene expression due to epigenetic processes related to microRNAs (miRNAs), which may affect the risk for the development of chronic diseases. miRNAs are a class of non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that are usually involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing by inducing mRNA degradation or translational repression by binding to a target messenger RNA. They can be controlled by environmental and dietary factors, particularly by isolated nutrients or bioactive compounds, indicating that diet manipulation may hold promise as a therapeutic approach in modulating the risk of chronic diseases.