Factors associated with prostate cancer screening among Hispanic men: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

Background: Disparities exist in prostate cancer (PCa) treatment and outcomes among Hispanic/Latino men. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of PCa screening among Hispanic men of diverse backgrounds.

Methods: Among men aged 40+ years (n = 3484) who participated in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, the prevalence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and the odds of ever having a PSA test, given sociodemographic, psychosocial, medical, and health care access factors, were estimated.

The Burden of Genitourinary Malignancies in Southeast Asia from 1990 to 2021.

Background And Objective: The global burden of genitourinary (GU) cancers is rising; yet, the specific burden on the diverse population of 700 million in Southeast Asia (SEA) remains poorly understood. This study presents the most updated trends in the incidence and mortality of bladder, kidney, prostate, and testicular cancer patients across SEA from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database were analyzed for the incidence, deaths, and age-standardized rates by sex and age of patients with four major GU cancers across 11 SEA countries from 1990 to 2021.

Disparities in receipt of palliative-intent treatment among disaggregated Hispanic populations with breast, lung, and prostate cancer in the United States.

Background: Despite palliative-intent interventions' ability to improve the quality of life of patients, significant inequalities persist in uptake. Such disparities are characterized by racial, socioeconomic, and geographic factors. However, less is known among disaggregated Hispanic populations.

National Cancer System Characteristics and Prostate Cancer Outcomes: An Analysis of Global Data.

Importance And Objective: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men globally and the number of cases is expected to double from 2020 to 2040. A greater understanding of health system factors that can be leveraged to improve prostate cancer control may guide health system planning in anticipation of the growing global burden of prostate cancer.

Design: This ecological cross-sectional study made use of the most recent available national health system metrics for countries with prostate cancer incidence and mortality estimates available from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

Treatment Noncompletion and Shorter Radiation Regimens Among US Patients With Prostate Cancer: A Focus on Asian American and Pacific Islander Patients.

Background: Higher rates of radiation therapy (RT) noncompletion may be associated with certain demographic groups in patients with prostate cancer (PC). We examined disparities in noncompletion and receipt of shorter RT regimens among disaggregated Asian American and Pacific Islander groups in the US.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all patients diagnosed with localized PC (2004-2017) in the National Cancer Database who identified as White, East Asian, Southeast Asian, Pacific Islander, or South Asian who were treated with definitive RT.

Analysis of U.S. Radiation Oncology Residency Program Websites: A Call for Further Improvements.

Purpose: In 2015, only 13% of radiation oncology residency program websites were found to contain ≥80% of the crucial information sought by applicants. In a "post-COVID-19 world" in which many programs are continuing exclusively virtual interviews, digital resources often serve as first impressions of an organization. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate common website deficiencies and program website comprehensiveness, as well as to assess how they correlate with program characteristics.

Association Between Medicaid Expansion and Insurance Status, Risk Group, Receipt, and Refusal of Treatment Among Men with Prostate Cancer.

: Although the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been associated with increased Medicaid coverage among prostate cancer patients, the association between Medicaid expansion with risk group at diagnosis, time to treatment initiation (TTI), and the refusal of locoregional treatment (LT) among patients requires further exploration. : Using the National Cancer Database, we performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all patients aged 40 to 64 years diagnosed with localized prostate cancer from 2011 to 2016. Difference-in-difference (DID) analysis was used to compare changes in insurance status, risk group at diagnosis, TTI, and the refusal of LT among patients residing in Medicaid expansion versus non-expansion states.

Exploring prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Testing rates and screening disparities in the all of us dataset.

Purpose: To examine prostate cancer (PCa) screening disparities among ethnic groups in the U.S. using the All of Us database.

Racial disparities in prostate cancer in the UK and the USA: similarities, differences and steps forwards.

In the USA, Black men are approximately twice as likely to be diagnosed with and to die of prostate cancer than white men. In the UK, despite Black men having vastly different ancestral contexts and health-care systems from Black men in the USA, the lifetime risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer is two-to-three times higher among Black British men than among white British men and Black British men are twice as likely to die of prostate cancer as white British men. Examination of racial disparities in prostate cancer in the USA and UK highlights systemic, socio-economic and sociocultural factors that might contribute to these differences.

Evaluating 4Kscore's role in predicting progression on active surveillance for prostate cancer independently of clinical information and PIRADS score.

Background: 4Kscore is used to aid the decision for prostate biopsy, however its role in active surveillance (AS) has not been investigated in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based protocol. Our objective was to assess the association between 4Kscore and progression in men undergoing AS on a prospective MRI-based protocol.

Methods: This was a single-institution, single-arm, non-therapeutic, interventional trial of 166 men with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer enrolled between 2014-2020.

Pan-cancer genomic analysis reveals FOXA1 amplification is associated with adverse outcomes in non-small cell lung, prostate, and breast cancers.

Background: Alterations in forkhead box A1 (FOXA1), a pioneer transcription factor, are associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer and prostate cancer. We characterized FOXA1 genomic alterations and their clinical impacts in a large pan-cancer cohort from the American Association for Cancer Research Genomics, Evidence, Neoplasia, Information, Exchange database.

Methods: FOXA1 alterations were characterized across more than 87 000 samples from more than 30 cancer types for primary and metastatic tumors alongside patient characteristics and clinical outcomes.

A Targeted Methylation-Based Multicancer Early Detection Blood Test Preferentially Detects High-Grade Prostate Cancer While Minimizing Overdiagnosis of Indolent Disease.

Purpose: Indolent prostate cancer (PCa) is prevalent in the intended use population (adults age 50-79 years) for blood-based multicancer early detection (MCED) tests. We examined the detectability of PCa by a clinically validated, targeted methylation-based MCED test.

Methods: Detectability by Gleason grade group (GG), clinical stage, association of detection status with tumor methylated fraction (TMeF), and overall survival (OS) were assessed in substudy 3 of Circulating Cell-Free Genome Atlas (CCGA; ClinicalTrials.

Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Nationally Representative Study.

Objectives: Given the vulnerable health condition of adult childhood cancer survivors, it is essential that they develop positive health behaviors to minimize controllable health risks. Therefore, we evaluated if adult survivors of non-childhood cancer and childhood cancer differ in the odds of each modifiable risk factor compared with each other and compared with the general population.

Methods: This nationally representative study leveraged the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) sample from 2000 to 2018 and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sample from 2016 to 2021.

Prostate Cancer Foundation Screening Guidelines for Black Men in the United States.

Background: In the United States, Black men are at highest risk for being diagnosed with and dying from prostate cancer. Given this disparity, we examined relevant data to establish clinical prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening guidelines for Black men in the United States.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified 1848 unique publications for screening.

Disparities in Stage at Presentation Among Hispanic and Latinx Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States.

Purpose: Hispanic and Latinx people in the United States are the fastest-growing ethnic group. However, previous studies in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often analyze these diverse communities in aggregate. We aimed to identify differences in NSCLC stage at diagnosis in the US population, focusing on disaggregated Hispanic/Latinx individuals.

Adding a Coefficient for Race to the 4Kscore Improves Calibration for Black Men.

Purpose: Black men face a higher incidence of high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) compared with non-Black men. While the 4Kscore is a widely utilized commercial test for PCa risk assessment, it does not currently account for racial differences. The aim of this study is to describe and validate a prespecified race coefficient for the 4Kscore with the goal of improving the accuracy of this test for Black men.

Trends in Utilization and Medicare Spending on Short-Course Radiation Therapy for Breast and Prostate Cancer: An Episode-Based Analysis From 2015 to 2019.

Purpose: Evidence supports the value of shorter, similarly efficacious, and potentially more cost-effective hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) regimens in many clinical scenarios for breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC). However, practice patterns vary considerably. We used the most recent Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data to assess trends in RT cost and practice patterns among episodes of BC and PC.

The Molecular, Immunologic, and Clinicodemographic Landscape of MYC-Amplified Advanced Prostate Cancer.

Background: MYC is a commonly amplified, potentially targetable gene in prostate cancer (PCa). We sought to define the molecular, immunologic, and clinicodemographic landscape of MYC amplification (MYC) in advanced PCa to establish a rationale for personalized treatment combinations.

Methods: Hybrid capture-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed on PCa tumor samples.

Mortality Risk for Docetaxel-Treated, High-Grade Prostate Cancer With Low PSA Levels: A Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Patients with high-grade prostate cancer with low levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA; <4 ng/mL) are at high risk of mortality, necessitating an improved treatment paradigm.

Objective: To assess for these patients whether adding docetaxel to standard of care (SOC) treatment is associated with decreased prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM).

Data Sources: PubMed search from 2000 to 2022.

Clinical and Genomic Factors Associated with Greater Tumor Mutational Burden in Prostate Cancer.

Unlabelled: Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a biomarker that predicts response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. We currently lack a comprehensive understanding of how genomic and clinical factors correlate with TMB. We used a clinicogenomic database to assess independent predictors of TMB levels.

Genomic Characterization of Aggressive Breast Cancer in Younger Women.

Purpose: Although breast cancer (BC) risk increases with age, BC in younger women is more aggressive with higher mortality compared with older women. We characterize the genomic landscape of BCs in younger women.

Methods: Clinicopathologic, molecular, and genomic differences across age groups (< 40 years, 40-60 years, > 60 years) in female BC patients were investigated in two large cohorts [AACR-GENIE8.

Disparities in time to prostate cancer treatment initiation before and after the Affordable Care Act.

Background: Delayed access to care may contribute to disparities in prostate cancer (PCa). The Affordable Care Act (ACA) aimed at increasing access and reducing healthcare disparities, but its impact on timely treatment initiation for PCa men is unknown.

Methods: Men with intermediate- and high-risk PCa diagnosed 2010-2016 and treated with curative surgery or radiotherapy were identified in the National Cancer Database.

Unique Spectrum of Activating BRAF Alterations in Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Alterations in BRAF have been reported in 3% to 5% of prostate cancer, although further characterization is lacking. Here, we describe the nature of BRAF alterations in prostate cancer using a large cohort from commercially available tissue and liquid biopsies subjected to comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP).

Experimental Design: Tissue and liquid biopsies from patients with prostate cancer were profiled using FoundationOne CDx and FoundationOne Liquid CDx CGP assays, respectively.

Disparities in Diagnosis, Treatment Access, and Time to Treatment Among Hispanic Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Reporting racial/ethnic disparities in aggregate obscures within-group heterogeneity. We sought to identify disparities in diagnosis and treatment in Hispanic subpopulations with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa).

Methods: We disaggregated men with prostate adenocarcinoma from the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2017 by racial subgroup and Hispanic background.