Use of Cigarettes, Cannabis, and Alcohol Among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Adults: Community-Based National Survey Analysis.

Background: Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations have diverse cultural, immigration, and sociodemographic characteristics. Aggregated data could mask substantial differences in substance use between cultural subgroups in this population. Yet, studies examining substance use among the AANHPI population are limited.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Dementia Prevention and Caregiving Among Korean Americans (the KIMCHI Project): Pre- and Posttest Evaluation Study.

Background: Many Korean American older adults have limited English proficiency, have low socioeconomic status, and are immigrants. The availability and accessibility of linguistic and culturally appropriate dementia-related health care and caregiving resources for this population are limited. This is concerning given that Korean American older adults are a rapidly growing population, and Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) represent a significant public health issue.

Oral-gut microbiome axis in a Korean cohort with inflammatory bowel disease and ankylosing spondylitis (INTEGRATE): a prospective and observational study protocol.

Introduction: The global burden of chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is increasing, and rising prevalence rates significantly affect socioeconomic factors and quality of life. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), along with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), are prominent chronic IMIDs that share overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of these diseases, suggesting that shared microbial dysbiosis may contribute to their development.

Evaluating the impact of the ASAS early axial spondyloarthritis definition on radiographic progression over 12years.

Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of the ASAS early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) definition on radiographic progression, one important indicator of long-term disease burden, using the Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS) across a 12-year period, comparing early and established groups.

Methods: Using data from the Korean spondyloarthropathy registry, this observational study retrospectively categorized patients into early or established axSpA groups based on the ASAS definition. Radiographic progression was assessed by analyzing annual changes in mSASSS.

Understanding participants' attitudes toward research in the CARE registry.

Introduction: Elucidating barriers and facilitators to research participation is especially important in Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) populations, who are significantly underrepresented in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) research.

Methods: We analyzed multilingual data from the 7-item Research Attitude Questionnaire (RAQ) among diverse AANHPI participants across a broad age range in the Collaborative Approach for AANHPI Research and Education (CARE) registry.

Results: Upon enrollment, 10,063 CARE participants were invited to complete the RAQ; 72.

Increasing representation of Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities in aging, dementia, and caregiving research: An update from the CARE registry.

Introduction: Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) communities are among the fastest growing segments of older adults in the United States yet remain underrepresented in aging, dementia, and caregiving research.

Methods: The Collaborative Approach for AANHPI Research & Education (CARE), a recruitment registry, aims to improve the representation of AANHPI older adults in research. We describe activity to date, as well as planned expansions in cultural groups, language capacity, and data collection in the registry.

Factors associated with anti-drug antibody production in ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with the infliximab biosimilar CT-P13.

Objective: CT-P13, a biosimilar of infliximab, is widely used for treating ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, the formation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can reduce its efficacy. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with high ADA levels in AS patients treated with CT-P13.

Targeting osteoclast-derived DPP4 alleviates inflammation-mediated ectopic bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by ectopic bone formation. The anti-inflammatory function of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor has been reported in bone metabolism, but its utility in AS has not previously been investigated.

Methods: We assessed DPP4 level in serum, synovial fluid, and facet joint tissue of AS patients.

Swimming exercise alleviates pathological bone features in curdlan-injected SKG mice by inducing irisin expression.

This study assessed the therapeutic potential of swimming exercise in the curdlan-injected SKG mouse model and investigated the modulatory effects of irisin on inflammation. Curdlan-injected SKG were randomly assigned to either a home-cage group or a swimming group for 6 weeks. Changes in clinical arthritis scores and ankle thickness were measured weekly.

Discrimination Experiences among Asian American and Pacific Islander Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Association with Mental Health Outcomes: Updated Findings from the COMPASS Study.

Background: Reports of escalated discrimination experiences among Asian American and Native Hawaiian Pacific Islanders (AANHPI) continue.

Methods: Using the original and follow-up surveys of the COVID-19 Effects on the Mental and Physical Health of AAPI (Asian American and Pacific Islanders) Survey Study (COMPASS I and COMPASS II) (n = 3177), we examined changes over approximately a 1-year period in discrimination experiences attributable to being AAPI and factors associated with worse mental health outcomes.

Results: Experiences of discrimination remained high in COMPASS II with 60.

Risk of disease flare in spondyloarthritis patients after tapering tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: A meta-analysis and literature review.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) have shown dramatic benefit in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Tapering of TNFi medication may be considered in patients with sustained low disease activity because continued use of TNFis at standard doses may increase the risk of side effects including infections and impose an economic burden. However, the optimal TNFi tapering strategy for SpA patients with inactive disease has not been established.

The role of ixekizumab in the treatment of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis.

Nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) is a subtype of SpA with undeveloped definite radiographic sacroiliitis. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors have demonstrated effectiveness in nr-axSpA patients who do not respond to first-line therapy. More recently, accumulated data from genetic, experimental, and clinical studies revealed that IL-17 is a key player in the pathogenesis of SpA, leading to development of new biologics directly inhibiting IL-17.

Vietnamese American Perspectives on Engagement in an Aging-Focused Research Registry.

Introduction: We elicited Vietnamese Americans' perspectives on culturally appropriate recruitment into a new research registry: Collaborative Approach for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders (AANHPIs) Research and Education (CARE).

Methods: Three focus groups were conducted with 21 Vietnamese Americans. Topics included knowledge about and experiences with research, outreach and recruitment methods for research participation and registry enrollment, and views about research incentives.

Impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment on lipid profiles in Korean patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment on lipid profiles and identify risk factors for an increase in total cholesterol (TC) after the anti-TNF treatment in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed AS patients who received the first-line anti-TNF treatment. Patients with at least nine months of follow-up were included; those who were under 18 years or on any lipid-lowering agent were excluded.

Morphology, Molecular Phylogeny, and Fungicide Sensitivity of and in Korea.

species, classified under Oomycota, cause significant damage to various crops and trees. The present study introduced species, and , new to Korea, which pose notable risks to their respective host plants. Our research provided a comprehensive description of these species taking into account their cultural features, morphological characteristics, and molecular phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region and cytochrome c oxidase subunit mtDNA genes (1 and 2) sequences.

Organic Farming Allows Balanced Fungal and Oomycetes Communities.

Conventional and organic farming systems affect soils differently, thereby influencing microbial diversity and composition. Organic farming, which relies on natural processes, biodiversity, and cycles adapted to local conditions, is generally known to improve soil texture and alleviate microbial diversity loss compared with that of conventional farming, which uses synthetic inputs such as chemical fertilisers, pesticides, and herbicides. Although they affect the health and productivity of host plants, the community dynamics of fungi and fungi-like oomycetes (under ) in organic farmland are poorly understood.

Asian Americans' and Pacific Islanders' preferences in recruitment strategies and messaging for participation in the CARE registry: A discrete choice experiment.

Introduction: This discrete choice experiment (DCE) identified Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) adults' preferences for recruitment strategies/messaging to enroll in the Collaborative Approach for AAPI Research and Education (CARE) registry for dementia-related research.

Methods: DCE recruitment strategy/messaging options were developed in English, Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese. AAPI participants 50 years and older selected (1) who, (2) what, and (3) how they would prefer hearing about CARE.

Organic vegetable juice supplement alleviates hyperlipidemia in diet-induced obese mice and modulates microbial community in continuous colon simulation system.

In this study, we investigated the effects of organic vegetable juice (OVJ) supplementation on modulating the microbial community, and how its consumption ameliorated blood-lipid profiles in diet-induced obese mice. Here, we studied the alleviating effect of hyperlipidemia via animal experiments using diet-induced obese mice and analyzed the effect of OVJ on the microbial community in continuous colon simulation system. OVJ consumption did not have a significant effect on weight loss but helped reduce the weight of the epididymis fat tissue and adipocytes.

Extracellular PPM1A promotes mineralization of osteoblasts differentiation in ankylosing spondylitis via the FOXO1A-RUNX2 pathway.

Protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A (PPM1A), serine/threonine protein phosphatase, in sera level was increased in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Preosteoblasts were differentiated actively to matured osteoblasts by intracellular PPM1A overexpression. However, it was unclear whether extracellular PPM1A contributes to the excessive bone-forming activity in AS.

Clinical and genetic factors associated with radiographic damage in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objectives: To identify clinical and genetic factors associated with severe radiographic damage in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: We newly generated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data (833K) for 444 patients with AS. The severity of radiographic damage was assessed using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS).

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor B Is a Key Element in the Pathological Bone Formation of Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Enthesophyte formation plays a crucial role in the development of spinal ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We aimed to investigate the role of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) in enthesophyte formation of AS using in vitro and in vivo models and to determine the association between PDGFB and spinal progression in AS. Serum PDGFB levels were measured in AS patients and healthy controls (HC).

Uncharted Diversity and Ecology of () in Freshwater Environments.

The fungal-like family (), also called "water mold," includes mostly aquatic saprophytes as well as notorious aquatic animal pathogens. Most studies on have been biased toward pathogenic species that are important to aquaculture rather than saprotrophic species, despite the latter's crucial roles in carbon cycling of freshwater ecosystems. Few attempts have been made to study the diversity and ecology of ; thus, their ecological role is not well-known.