Diagnostic Accuracy of Spleen-dedicated 100 Hz Transient Elastography to Predict High-risk Esophageal Varices.

Introduction: The Baveno VII consensus suggested different SSM cut-offs to predict High-Risk Esophageal Varices (HREV) and Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension (CSPH) in patients with cirrhosis. Few studies have validated these cut-offs using spleen-dedicated 100 Hz TE. We have assessed the diagnostic performance of SSM in predicting HREV and CSPH using a spleen-dedicated 100 Hz TE and compared it with other noninvasive algorithms.

Clinical outcomes of percutaneous biliary drainage and quality of life assessment: a prospective observational study.

Background: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is a widely used palliative intervention to relieve symptoms and reduce bilirubin levels to facilitate further treatments. However, data regarding its clinical outcomes and impact on quality of life (QOL), particularly in the Indian population, are limited. This prospective observational study intends to analyze the clinical outcomes, complication profile, factors affecting the clinical outcomes, and QOL assessment following PTBD in patients with malignant biliary obstruction (MBO).

Bleeding Lymph Node Mass in a Postoperative Case of Thyroid Carcinoma: Transarterial Embolization to the Rescue.

Recurrent metastatic cervical lymph nodes are common in patients with thyroid cancer, even after standard treatments such as total thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection. However, skin ulceration accompanied by bleeding from these metastatic lymph nodes is extremely rare and is usually managed through surgical ligation. In certain cases, surgical ligation is nearly impossible due to limited access to the bleeding vessels caused by vascular involvement.

Iatrogenic Obturator Hernia with Ureter as Content: Case Report.

A male in his early 70s presented with complaints of bilateral flank pain for seven months, hematuria for 2 days along with the passage of clots associated with an increased frequency of urination and nocturia. The patient had a history of deep vein thrombosis and was on anticoagulation. On ultrasound, multiple calculi with posterior acoustic shadowing were seen in bilateral kidneys, corroborated by (CT) urography.

A Power-Efficient Coplanar Waveguide Design for Enhanced Optical Readout in h-BN Quantum Sensors.

The past decade has witnessed a growing research interest in quantum sensing using spin-active boron vacancy () defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). While hBN enables easy chip integration, current quantum sensing devices suffer from low optical readout and noisy signals due to inefficient waveguide designs that limit microwave absorption, resulting in reduced optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) contrast. This study advances hBN-integrated quantum sensors through three generations, culminating in a compact single-port coplanar waveguide (CPW).

A novel speech signal feature extraction technique to detect speech impairment in children accurately.

Speech signal processing and extracting useful information from speech signal is necessary for speech language impairment (SLI) detection in children. Although different features has been suggested for SLI detection, there is still a scope exist for exploration of other methods. A comparative study of different techniques for feature extraction can be done to find the optimal feature extraction technique.

Home-Based Therapy Utilizing Intermittent Manual Compression of the Carotid Artery and Internal Jugular Vein in the Management of Carotid-Cavernous Fistula.

A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus, which can be of a direct or indirect type. Treatment decisions are based on factors such as the type of CCF, angioarchitecture, severity of clinical symptoms, and risk of vision loss. While most fistulas necessitate endovascular intervention, there are isolated reports of indirect low-flow fistulas resolving with manual vascular compression therapy alone.

High-Efficiency Continuous Spin-Conduction through NiO/Cu Bilayer Structure.

Materials that effectively separate charge and spin currents are key to advancing spin-orbit torque-based switching devices for nanomagnet memory. NiO, an insulating yet spin-conducting material, is essential in such systems. Interfacing NiO with a heavy metal like Pt, confines charge current to Pt while allowing spin current to pass through NiO into an adjacent NiFe layer.

Sacral extramedullary haematopoiesis, radiologically mimicking malignancy.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) refers to ectopic haematopoietic elements outside the bone marrow. Although it frequently occurs in the liver, spleen and lymph nodes, EMH presenting as a destructive lytic lesion of the sacrum with associated presacral soft tissue mass masquerading as malignancy has been scarcely reported. Imaging workup on a pregnant woman suspected of having haemolytic anaemia revealed a lytic destructive lesion involving the sacrum with homogeneously enhancing presacral soft tissue density mass.

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Nonagenarians: A Dilemma in Treatment Approach.

Stroke is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity, particularly among the elderly population. As the general population ages, cerebrovascular disease is anticipated to increase in prevalence. Strokes can manifest as either hemorrhagic or ischemic events.

Congestive myelopathy secondary to epidural venous engorgement and venous congestion in a patient with Budd-Chiari syndrome and its management through inferior vena cava stenting.

Budd-Chiari syndrome with obstruction in the inferior vena cava causes increased venous pressure in the azygous-hemiazygous system and paravertebral venous plexus, which is transmitted to the epidural venous plexus, devoid of the valves. It causes epidural venous plexus engorgement and venous congestion and may present rarely with low back pain or radiating pain. However, patients developing lower limb weakness as a complication of Budd-Chiari syndrome is an infrequent and severe presentation.

MiR-192-5p targets cell cycle regulation in diabetic kidney disease via cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a.k.a diabetic nephropathy, is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease.

A Complex Pediatric Vertebrobasilar Junction Aneurysm Treated using a Flow Diverter with Coiling: Case Report and Management Strategy.

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms (PIAs) are highly uncommon, with an incidence of <5% (0.17 to 4.6%) and <2% of PIA complicates into an aneurysmal hemorrhage.

Efficacy of needle tract embolization using gelfoam in reducing incidence of pneumothorax in CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Transthoracic CT-guided lung biopsy is associated with risk of pneumothorax, requiring chest tube placement at times. From available literature, we tried to compare the incidence rate of pneumothorax in cases undergoing CT-guided lung biopsy with versus without use of gelfoam slurry for tract occlusion.

Methods: Databases like SCOPUS, PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE were searched for original studies analysing the efficacy of gelfoam for needle tract embolization following CT-guided lung biopsy till September 2023.

EAST (Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural Hearing Loss, and Renal Tubulopathy) Syndrome: A Rare Association Between Brain, Ear, and Kidney.

EAST syndrome - Epilepsy, Ataxia, Sensorineural hearing loss, and renal Tubulopathy - is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting the potassium channel in the brain, inner ear, and basolateral membrane of the distal nephron of the kidney. The mutation in the gene is responsible for defective potassium transport in those locations, resulting in seizures, hearing loss, and hypokalemia. Imaging findings of this disease are typical, such as cerebellar hypoplasia and signal changes in bilateral dentate nuclei, midbrain, pons, and medulla, with variable restricted diffusion due to intramyelinic edema.

Pulsatile Tinnitus Due to a Large Mastoid Emissary Vein: Successfully Managed with Percutaneous Embolization in a Novel Approach.

Tinnitus refers to the perception of sound without any external stimuli which can be pulsatile or non-pulsatile. Dilated mastoid emissary vein (MEV) can cause pulsatile tinnitus. Herein, we report a case of persistent pulsatile tinnitus with dilated MEV managed successfully with percutaneous coiling of MEV in a 36 years male.

Ectopic Posterior Pituitary and Its Associations with Extrapituitary Intracranial Anomalies.

Posterior pituitary ectopia is a very rare entity in the development of the pituitary gland. Several factors and multiple genes are associated with this entity causing both pituitary and extrapituitary abnormalities. Pituitary abnormalities can be various endocrine problems and extrapituitary abnormalities can be optic nerves and cerebellar hypoplasia, heterotopia, and abnormal vessels.

Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation With Raised Serum Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-hCG) Levels: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma.

Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are rare and usually present in women of reproductive age. Clinical presentation may overlap with early pregnancy, retained products of conception (RPOC), or gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) if it occurs in a pregnant patient or the immediate postpartum period and becomes challenging to manage. Here, we present two cases of uterine AVM that presented with vaginal bleeding after miscarriages.

Beyond the Eyes: Clinico-Radiological Correlation of Bilateral Complete Horizontal Gaze Palsy in Moebius Syndrome.

Moebius syndrome is a rare disease characterized by unilateral or bilateral facial nerve palsies with/without other cranial nerve palsy. It manifests clinically with facial muscle weakness and/or ophthalmoplegia and can be associated with other physical anomalies such as various limb deformities and orofacial malformation. Herein, we have described the clinical and radiological features of Moebius syndrome in a 9-year-old female child who presented with left-side facial palsy and bilateral complete horizontal gaze palsy.

Rescue splenic artery embolization in an adult patient of sickle cell disease presented with acute splenic sequestration crisis.

Background: Splenic sequestration crisis is a potentially fatal complication of sickle cell disease, mainly seen in young children. Only a few case series describe the acute splenic sequestration crisis in adults and its management, which primarily consists of supportive care and, in some cases, splenectomy. Splenic artery embolization has seldom been described in sickle cell disease.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis complicating septicemic melioidosis: A case report.

Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. People infected with B. pseudomallei experience fever and skin changes, pneumonia, abscesses, and septic shock that could cause death.

Reverse Y stenting in the management of vertebrobasilar junction fenestrated aneurysm: A novel technique.

Fenestrated aneurysm at vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) is very rare and can occur due to non-fusion of longitudinal neural axis forming basilar artery in the early stage of embryonic life. Due to defects in tunica media and weakness in its wall, these fenestrations are more likely to develop an aneurysm. Various treatment strategies are required for the management of these types of aneurysms including simple coiling, stent-assisted coiling, balloon remodeling technique, and more recently kissing flow diverters.