Contemporary Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy: Results from Two European Referral Institutions.

Available guidelines recommend performing nephron-sparing surgery in selected renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. Many studies provided robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) functional and oncological outcomes, with most of these including a wide timespan and a number of surgeons with different experiences, which might lead to the heterogeneity of the results. In this study, we aim to provide a contemporary report of RAPN patient outcomes performed at two referral centers by experienced surgeons.

Intravesical Instillation of Chemotherapy Before Radical Surgery for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: The REBACARE Trial.

Background And Objective: Intravesical instillation of chemotherapy (IIC) after radical surgery for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) reduces the risk of intravesical recurrence (IVR). However, compliance is low because of possible extravesical leakage after bladder cuff excision. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative IIC in reducing the risk of IVR.

Short-term Changes in Health-related Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Radical Surgery for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Results from a Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial.

Background And Objective: The possible negative impact of radical surgery on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) plays an important role in preoperative counseling. Here, we analyzed the HRQoL of patients treated for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in the context of a single-arm phase 2 multicenter study, in which the safety and efficacy of a single preoperative intravesical instillation with mitomycin C were investigated. Our objective was to investigate early changes in HRQoL in patients undergoing radical surgery for UTUC and identify factors associated with these outcomes.

Clinicopathological predictors of finding additional inguinal lymph node metastases in penile cancer patients after positive dynamic sentinel node biopsy: a European multicentre evaluation.

Objective: To develop a predictive model for additional inguinal lymph node metastases (LNM) at inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) after positive dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) using DSNB characteristics to identify a patient group in which ILND might be omitted.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 407 inguinal basins with a positive DSNB in penile cancer patients who underwent subsequent ILND from seven European centres. From the histopathology reports, the number of positive and negative lymph nodes, presence of extranodal extension and size of the metastasis were recorded.

Human papillomavirus prevalence in invasive penile cancer and association with clinical outcome.

Purpose: The incidence of penile cancer is increasing, and is suggested to be explained by changes in sexual practice and increased exposure of men to sexually transmitted high risk human papillomavirus infection. In penile cancers from a Dutch population treated in 1963 to 2001 we found a high risk human papillomavirus prevalence of about 30%. In this study we assessed the prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus-DNA in a more recent, contemporary penile cancer cohort and its association with patient survival.

Probability of downsizing primary tumors of renal cell carcinoma by targeted therapies is related to size at presentation.

Objective: To evaluate the probability of downsizing primary renal tumors by targeted therapy in correlation to size.

Methods: A literature search was conducted and our own data were pooled with data of retrospective series and prospective trials in which patients were treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and in which tumor sizes before and after treatment were reported. Included were 89 primary clear cell renal tumors, including 34 from our institutes.

Lymph node metastasis in intermediate-risk penile squamous cell cancer: a two-centre experience.

Background: The risk of lymph node (LN) metastasis in G2T1 penile cancer has been previously reported as 0-50% and is classified as "intermediate" in the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. The management of impalpable regional nodes in this cohort of patients remains contentious and varies among treatment centres depending on tumour factors and local resources.

Objectives: To establish the risk of LN metastasis in G2T1 disease.

Two-center evaluation of dynamic sentinel node biopsy for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

Purpose: Sentinel node biopsy is used to evaluate the nodal status of patients with clinically node-negative penile carcinoma. Its use is not widespread, and the majority of patients with clinically node-negative disease undergo an elective inguinal lymph node dissection. Reservations about the use of sentinel node biopsy include the fact that most current results come from one institution and the supposedly long learning curve associated with the procedure.

Microarray gene-expression profiling to predict lymph node metastasis in penile carcinoma.

Objective: To determine the value of gene-expression profiling as a predictor of the status of the regional nodes in patients with penile carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Tumour samples of 56 patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma were analysed for the gene expression on 35 k oligoarrays; 32 were from patients with histopathologically confirmed lymph node metastases and 24 from those with no lymph node involvement. The 56 patients were divided into a training and validation set.

Reliability and safety of current dynamic sentinel node biopsy for penile carcinoma.

Objectives: Dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) has been performed at our department since 1994 to assess status of inguinal lymph nodes of clinically node-negative (cN0) patients with penile carcinoma. Over time, several modifications were made to reduce the false-negative rate and thus increase sensitivity. We compared the false-negative and complication rates of the current procedure, as performed at our institute since 2001, with the prior procedures.

Pelvic lymph node dissection for penile carcinoma: extent of inguinal lymph node involvement as an indicator for pelvic lymph node involvement and survival.

Purpose: We identified pathological parameters of inguinal lymph node involvement with the aim of predicting pelvic lymph node involvement and survival.

Materials And Methods: A total of 308 patients with penile carcinoma and adequate followup were included in this study. The outcome of 102 patients who underwent lymphadenectomy for lymph node metastases was analyzed further.

Size of metastasis in the sentinel node predicts additional nodal involvement in penile carcinoma.

Purpose: The majority of patients with penile cancer with a tumor positive sentinel node do not benefit from complementary lymph node dissection because of absent additional involved nodes. We analyzed factors that may determine the involvement of additional nodes.

Materials And Methods: A total of 158 patients with clinically node negative penile carcinoma underwent sentinel node biopsy.

Presence of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA in penile carcinoma predicts favorable outcome in survival.

There is evidence that a subset of penile carcinomas is caused by infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). However, extensive studies on the possible influence of HPV infection on clinical outcome of penile cancer are lacking. This investigation is aimed to examine the prevalence of high-risk HPV in a large series of penile squamous-cell carcinomas (SCCs) and to determine the relationship between HPV and survival.

Reproducibility of lymphoscintigraphy for lymphatic mapping in patients with penile carcinoma.

Purpose: We evaluated the reproducibility of lymphoscintigraphy in the assessment of the location and number of sentinel nodes in patients with penile carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: A total of 20 patients were prospectively included in analysis. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed after intradermal injection of technetium nanocolloid around the tumor or excision scar.

Prepubic sentinel node location in penile carcinoma.

An unusual sentinel node location in a patient with penile carcinoma is described. The preoperative lymphoscintigram showed a prepubic sentinel node. The node could be harvested during surgery.

Non-visualization of sentinel lymph nodes in penile carcinoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse the incidence and cause of non-visualization of sentinel lymph nodes on preoperative lymphoscintigrams for penile cancer and its implications for further management.

Methods: Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy was performed after injection of (99m)Tc-labelled nanocolloid in 123 clinically node-negative penile carcinoma patients. Anterior dynamic lymphoscintigraphy was performed during 20 min immediately after tracer injection.

Dynamic sentinel node biopsy in penile carcinoma: evaluation of 10 years experience.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of 10 years dynamic sentinel node biopsy experience in penile carcinoma at our institute.

Patients And Methods: 140 patients with clinically node-negative groins were prospectively included. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed after injection of 99mTechnetium-nanocolloid around the primary tumour.

Ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology before sentinel node biopsy in patients with penile carcinoma.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of ultrasonography (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for detecting occult lymph node metastases in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

Patients And Methods: Forty-three patients with 83 clinically node-negative inguinal regions were assessed with US and FNAC. The results were compared with histology from subsequent dynamic sentinel-node biopsy (DSNB) or inguinal lymph node dissection.

Contemporary management of penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tumor of the penis. The natural history and its proclivity to spread via regional lymphatics has been well defined. Laser ablation of the primary tumor has a prominent role in patients with a superficial tumor as a penis-conserving approach.