Intestinal volvulus and obstruction due to combined button battery and magnet ingestion: a medico-legal case report.

This study presents a medico-legal case study of an infant who died as a result of intestinal volvulus, a rare but severe complication secondary to the ingestion of multiple magnets and button batteries. The mutual attraction of magnets through adjacent intestinal loops, compounded by the corrosive effects of button batteries, can precipitate rapid and irreversible damage to the gastrointestinal wall. A comprehensive review of the literature on documented pediatric cases involving the ingestion of magnets and button batteries was undertaken to compare the spectrum and frequency of complications.

Bicuspid Aortic Valve and Sudden Cardiac Death.

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart anomaly, affecting an estimated 0.5% to 0.77% of the general population.

Effects of decomposition on the cardiovascular system: A systematic review.

Objective: Postmortem decomposition poses significant challenges in forensic pathology, particularly in the evaluation of the heart and coronary arteries. Putrefactive processes may alter or mask cardiac pathology, complicating the interpretation of cause of death. This systematic review aims to evaluate the literature on decomposition-related alterations of the heart and vessels, focusing on their forensic impact.

Navigating the landscape of legal medicine: a 4-year analysis of forensic consultations in an Italian hospital.

Introduction: This study explores a comprehensive 4-year retrospective analysis of 511 forensic consultations conducted at "Policlinico" hospital in Bari, Italy. It highlights the expanding role of legal medicine within healthcare settings, an area that has traditionally been limited to expert testimony and forensic pathology. Over time, legal medicine in Italy has evolved to address a variety of clinical areas, including informed consent, disability assessment, personal injuries, and sexual violence.

Cadaver clots: a systematic review of the literature.

Cadaveric blood is ubiquitous, and observed in various forms-liquid, coagulated, and clot-like-during autopsies. Understanding its state in postmortem vessels is essential for both scientific research and forensic investigations. Pulmonary thromboembolism (PT) is a leading cause of sudden death, often requiring medicolegal evaluation.

An overview of Metaverse in healthcare. Potential application in forensic and legal medicine.

In this review, we holistically consider healthcare as an ecosystem that includes forensic pathology and legal medicine and probe why these areas have largely ignored the use of Metaverse. This effort is directed at understanding the potential impact of virtual worlds on these areas and ultimately asks if forensic sciences are missing an opportunity or multiple opportunities. We reviewed the scientific literature to identify clinical trials and observational or other study types using PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane, including terms related to the Metaverse and healthcare, with a screen of 1,200 relevant articles.

Decisional capacity to consent to treatment in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Obtaining informed consent in vulnerable populations like children and adolescents, is a relevant issue and raises ethical concerns. Minors are considered unable to consent to treatment, and permission from guardians is required for them. Nevertheless, several studies have been carried out on the competence of pediatric patients, with mixed results.

Quality improvement in neonatal care through enhanced patient safety and clinical risk management: a before-and-after study about neonatal sepsis.

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis, classified into early-onset and late-onset based on symptom timing, poses significant risks of morbidity and mortality, especially in low birth weight infants. Effective clinical risk management protocols are crucial in reducing these risks.

Methods: This before-and-after study evaluated the impact of a newly implemented clinical risk management protocol in the Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Policlinico Hospital-University of Bari.

Dura mater and survival time determination in individuals who died after traumatic brain injury: a preliminary study.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among young people and is a matter of concern for forensic pathologists. Many authors have tried to estimate a person's survival time (ST) after TBI using different approaches.

Objective: The present study aimed to present an innovative workflow to estimate the ST after TBI by observing the inflammatory reaction of the dura mater (DM).

Measuring the willingness to share personal health information: a systematic review.

Background: In the age of digitalization and big data, personal health information is a key resource for health care and clinical research. This study aimed to analyze the determinants and describe the measurement of the willingness to disclose personal health information.

Methods: The study conducted a systematic review of articles assessing willingness to share personal health information as a primary or secondary outcome.

Alcohol and Drug Consumption among Drivers before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study.

Restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic might have changed recreational habits. In this study, the results of toxicological tests for alcohol and drugs in blood were compared among drivers stopped at roadside checks in the periods before (1 January 2018 to 8 March 2020) and after the lockdown measures (9 March 2020 to 31 December 2021). A total of 123 (20.

Digital Health Care, Telemedicine, and Medicolegal Issues in Orthopedics: A Review.

The use of technologies in medicine has great potential to reduce the costs of health care services by making appropriate decisions that provide timely patient care. The evolution of telemedicine poses a series of clinical and medicolegal considerations. However, only a few articles have dealt with telemedicine and orthopedics.

Informed consent and biological agents in rheumatology and internal medicine.

Background: The need for highly effective therapies in rheumatologic diseases has led to the widespread and growing use of a heterogeneous class of molecules called biological agents. The increasing experience with biological agents has raised concerns about safety and efficacy issues that need to be discussed in the informed consent acquisition process.

Methods: The authors performed a review of the literature on biological agents focusing on their most important characteristics concerning the informed consent procedures.

Reporting Incidents in the Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study in an Italian University Hospital.

To evaluate the characteristics of the reported workplace violence in a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) by analyzing an electronic hospital incident reporting system (IRS). One hundred thirty reports were retrieved from January 2017 to June 2020, referring to assaults committed by patients (71% males) with an average age of 29.8 years (SD, 14.

Improving Healthcare Workers' Adherence to Surgical Safety Checklist: The Impact of a Short Training.

Background: Although surgery is essential in healthcare, a significant number of patients suffer unfair harm while undergoing surgery. Many of these originate from failures in non-technical aspects, especially communication among operators. A surgical safety checklist is a simple tool that helps to reduce surgical adverse events, but even if it is fast to fill out, its compilation is often neglected by the healthcare workers because of unprepared cultural background.

Cranio-Mandibular Disorders after Whiplash Injury: A Mono-Institutional Clinical Study on 31 Patients.

Background: Whiplash is a consequence of traumatic injuries, mostly related to road accidents, with variable clinical manifestations, also known as Whiplash Associated Disorders, such as neck, head and temporo-cranio-mandibular pain.

Methods: The current study aims to evaluate the onset and evolution of temporomandibular joint pain in people with whiplash in a study group treated with the use of Zimmer Collars (adjustable rigid cervical collars for neck immobilization), as compared to a control group. This prospective study included 31 patients followed by the Dental Prosthesis Department of the University of Bari "Aldo Moro": 20 patients with whiplash (age range: 20-39 years) treated with Zimmer collars and 11 patients with whiplash (age range: 20-33 years) who were not.

Imaging Appropriateness in Pediatric Radiology during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Comparison with No COVID-19 Period.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of accesses to the Pediatric Emergency Department (pED) in Italy sharply decreased by 30%. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how this novel setting impacted on management of children with trauma, and the use and appropriateness of imaging studies in such patients at the pED. All imaging studies performed in patients with trauma at the pED of a tertiary children's Hospital during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (between March and May 2020) were reviewed, in comparison with a control time interval (March to May 2019).