[Ambitions and main conclusions of the conference "Global health, local decisions" organized by the Digital Health Network].

Health is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity". Health must therefore be considered in its entirety. To begin with, however, it is vital to move swiftly from the concept of holistic health to its practical implementation.

Surrounding residential greenness and mental health: Findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort.

This cross-sectional study assessed the association between surrounding greenness and two mental health outcomes according to degree of urbanization in the French CONSTANCES cohort. We included 114,717 participants. Depression in 2018 was evaluated by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D, from 0 to 60), and psychological distress in 2019 by General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12, from 0 to 12).

Gene-Environment Interaction Affects Risk of Atopic Eczema: Population and In Vitro Studies.

Background: Multiple environmental and genetic factors play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic eczema (AE). We aimed to investigate gene-environment interactions (G × E) to improve understanding of the pathophysiology.

Methods: We analysed data from 16 European studies to test for interaction between the 24 most significant AE-associated loci identified from genome-wide association studies and 18 early-life environmental factors.

Effects of residential greenness during pregnancy on childhood asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and their comorbidity: findings from the French mother-child cohort Pélagie.

Maternal exposure to residential greenness during pregnancy may influence childhood respiratory and allergic diseases development. Yet, evidence is limited and results are not consistent, furthermore most studies focus on urban areas. In a predominantly rural population, we aimed to assess the effect of maternal residential greenness during pregnancy on childhood asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and their comorbidity.

[The effects of air pollution on health, state of epidemiological knowledge].

The health effects of air pollution have been recognized for many years. However, this area of research continues to receive increasing attention from both the scientific community and civil society. The aim of this article is to review the main epidemiological findings on the effects of outdoor air pollution.

Chronic exposure to drinking water nitrate and trihalomethanes in the French CONSTANCES cohort.

Trihalomethanes (THMs) and nitrate are widespread chemicals in drinking water. Chronic exposure has been associated with increased cancer risk despite inconclusive evidence, partly due to the challenges in long-term exposure assessment and potential exposure misclassification. We estimated concentrations of nitrate and THMs in drinking water using a public regulatory monitoring database (SISE-Eaux) for CONSTANCES, a French population-based prospective cohort.

Asthma is associated with increased severity and duration of rhinitis: A study with the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma classes in the Constances cohort.

Background: Few population-based studies have described allergic rhinitis (AR) according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification, and none have assessed the impact of asthma on this classification. Our aims were to 1) describe AR according to four ARIA classes and 2) within each of the four ARIA classes, compare participants with AR alone versus those with AR and asthma.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were performed using data from the 2014 annual follow-up questionnaire of the French adult population-based cohort Constances.

Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Three-City Montpellier Study.

Background: Growing epidemiological evidence suggests an adverse relationship between exposure to air pollutants and cognitive health, and this could be related to the effect of air pollution on vascular health.

Objective: We aim to evaluate the association between air pollution exposure and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) marker of cerebral vascular burden, white matter hyperintensities (WMH).

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used data from the French Three-City Montpellier study.

Impact of long-term exposure to ambient ozone on lung function over a course of 20 years (The ECRHS study): a prospective cohort study in adults.

Background: While the adverse effects of short-term ambient ozone exposure on lung function are well-documented, the impact of long-term exposure remains poorly understood, especially in adults.

Methods: We aimed to investigate the association between long-term ozone exposure and lung function decline. The 3014 participants were drawn from 17 centers across eight countries, all of which were from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS).

Heavy metals and diminished ovarian reserve: single-exposure and mixture analyses amongst women consulting in French fertility centres.

Research Question: Do heavy metals affect the risk of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in women of reproductive age?

Design: A total of 139 cases and 153 controls were included between 2016 and 2020. The participants were aged between 18 and 40 years and attended consultations for couple infertility in one of four fertility centres in western France. Cases of DOR were defined as women with an antral follicle count less than 7, anti-Müllerian hormone levels 1.

Long-term exposure to airborne metals and risk of cancer in the French cohort Gazel.

Background: The specific compounds that make ambient fine particulate matter (PM) carcinogen remain poorly identified. Some metals contribute to ambient PM and possibly to its adverse effects. But the challenge of assessing exposure to airborne metals limits epidemiological studies.

Association of urinary and ambient black carbon, and other ambient air pollutants with risk of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents.

The effects of exposure to black carbon (BC) on various diseases remains unclear, one reason being potential exposure misclassification following modelling of ambient air pollution levels. Urinary BC particles may be a more precise measure to analyze the health effects of BC. We aimed to assess the risk of prediabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in relation to urinary BC particles and ambient BC and to compare their associations in 5453 children from IDEFICS/I.

Ambient air pollution exposure and depressive symptoms: Findings from the French CONSTANCES cohort.

Background And Aim: Few studies have reported the association between air pollution exposure with different dimensions of depression. We aimed to explore this association across different dimensions of depressive symptoms in a large population.

Methods: Data from the enrollment phase of the French CONSTANCES cohort (2012-2020) were analyzed cross-sectionally.

Rhinitis phenotypes and multimorbidities in the general population: the CONSTANCES cohort.

Background: Scarce epidemiological studies have characterised allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) in adults. In a population-based cohort, our aims were to 1) describe rhinitis, AR and NAR, and 2) explore how asthma and conjunctivitis may lead to the identification of novel rhinitis phenotypes.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, current rhinitis was defined as present in the last 12 months using a questionnaire from the French CONSTANCES cohort.

Long-term air pollution exposure, greenspace and health-related quality of life in the ECRHS study.

Background: Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and greenspace with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are poorly studied and few studies have accounted for asthma-rhinitis status.

Objective: To assess the associations of air pollution and greenspace with HRQOL and whether asthma and/or rhinitis modify these associations.

Methods: The study was based on the participants in the second (2000-2002, n = 6542) and third (2011-2013, n = 3686) waves of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) including 19 centres.

Exposure to greenspace and cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analyses.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available literature on the association between greenspace exposure and all-sites and site-specific cancer incidence, prevalence, and mortality in adults. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for original articles published, without language restriction until September 2021. We assessed the risk of bias in each study and the overall quality of evidence for exposure-outcome pairs that were reported in two or more studies.

Worldwide prevalence of rhinitis in adults: A review of definitions and temporal evolution.

Introduction: Although rhinitis is among the most common diseases worldwide, rhinitis prevalence in the general adult population is unclear and definitions differ widely.

Objective: To summarize the literature on rhinitis prevalence in the general adult population and to assess: (1) the prevalence according to different rhinitis definitions overall and in different regions of the world, and (2) the evolution of rhinitis prevalence over time.

Methods: We conducted an extensive literature review of publications including rhinitis prevalence using Pubmed and Scopus databases up to October 2020.

Outdoor air pollution exposure and cognitive performance: findings from the enrolment phase of the CONSTANCES cohort.

Background: Air pollution exposure is one of the modifiable risk factors of cognitive decline. We aimed to test the association between exposure to several outdoor air pollutants and domain-specific cognitive performance.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the enrolment phase of the French CONSTANCES cohort.

Modeling exposure to airborne metals using moss biomonitoring in cemeteries in two urban areas around Paris and Lyon in France.

Exposure of the general population to airborne metals remains poorly estimated despite the potential health risks. Passive moss biomonitoring can proxy air quality at fine resolution over large areas, mainly in rural areas. We adapted the technique to urban areas to develop fine concentration maps for several metals for Constances cohort's participants.

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and asthma symptom score in the CONSTANCES cohort.

Background: The asthma symptom score allows to consider asthma as a continuum and to investigate its risk factors. One previous study has investigated the association between asthma score and air pollution and only for nitrogen dioxide (NO). We aimed to study the associations between particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter lower than 2.