Disrupted ACTH and cortisol response to osmotic and non-osmotic stress in patients with arginine vasopressin deficiency.

Objective: Arginine vasopressin (AVP), synthesized in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary, regulates osmotic balance and stress responses. During stress, AVP enhances corticotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion, with cortisol and AVP providing negative feedback regulation. Disruption in AVP production might impair this feedback, leading to sustained cortisol elevations.

Vitamin D encapsulated in brewer's spent yeast through vacuum biosorption: Studies on the sorption isotherm, release kinetics into the gastrointestinal system, and colon fermentation.

Vitamin D is essential for bone health, immune system function, and overall well-being, but its deficiency remains a global health challenge. This study focused on encapsulating vitamin D with brewer's spent yeast biomass (BSY), both in natura and in plasmolyzed form, through vacuum biosorption followed by spray drying. This research examined several aspects, including sorption capacity, sorption isotherms through various mathematical models, the vitamin release profile of BSY via the INFOGEST protocol for simulated digestion, and the effects of colonic fermentation.

Non-recurrent mutations and copy number changes predominate pituitary adenoma genomes.

Objective: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are common neoplasms. Our current understanding of the molecular basis of PA formation is incomplete. Routine implementation of targeted genomics has enabled the discovery of rare, potentially clinically actionable events.

A Novel Mutation in a Family With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 and Aggressive Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the occurrence of combined tumors in different glands, usually the parathyroid, pancreas and pituitary, as well as in other parts of the digestive tract. The present study describes the phenotype of a Brazilian family with MEN1 caused by a previously unreported gene mutation.

Case Report: We report the case of a 41-year-old male, the proband, who presented with angiofibromas, primary hyperparathyroidism, macroprolactinoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor.

Immune and vascular modulation by HERVs: the role of and in dengue severity progression.

Introduction: Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), which can be activated by viral infections, have complex roles in gene regulation and immune modulation. However, their contribution to disease progression is not yet fully understood. Dengue fever ranges from mild symptoms to severe cases characterized by plasma leakage and immune dysregulation, providing a relevant context to investigate these interactions.

Adequate Food and Nutrition in School: Acceptability and Consumption by Students of a Brazilian Municipality.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of a specific menu preparation based on minimally processed foods and the factors associated with the consumption of school meals by students in Brazilian public schools.

Methods: A hedonic scale was employed to assess the acceptability of a milk preparation with 100% cocoa and sugar. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate school food consumption, addressing consumption frequency, dietary habits, environmental conditions, and consumption of competing foods.

A comprehensive review of non-invasive optical and microwave biosensors for glucose monitoring.

Frequent glucose monitoring is essential for effective diabetes management. Currently, glucose monitoring is done using invasive methods such as finger-pricking and subcutaneous sensing. However, these methods can cause discomfort, heighten the risk of infection, and some sensing devices need frequent calibration.

Activated AMP-protein kinase (pAMPK) is overexpressed in human somatotroph pituitary adenomas.

Introduction: AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) is an enzyme that acts as a metabolic sensor and regulates multiple pathways via phosphorylating proteins in metabolic and proliferative pathways. The aim of this work was to study the activated cellular AMPK (phosphorylated-AMPK at Thr172, pAMPK) levels in pituitary tumor samples from patients with sporadic and familial acromegaly, as well as in samples from normal human pituitary gland.

Methods: We studied pituitary adenoma tissue from patients with sporadic somatotroph adenomas, familial acromegaly with heterozygote germline variants in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene (p.

Anesthetic Management of Patients With Morvan Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Morvan syndrome is a rare condition distinguished by hyperactivity within the central, autonomic, and peripheral nervous systems. Due to the limited number of cases, this presents clinical challenges stemming from the scarcity of published literature. We present a successful anesthetic approach for a patient diagnosed with Morvan syndrome scheduled for elective major intra-thoracic surgery to remove metastases from a thymoma.

Remote Emotion Recognition Using Continuous-Wave Bio-Radar System.

The Bio-Radar is herein presented as a non-contact radar system able to capture vital signs remotely without requiring any physical contact with the subject. In this work, the ability to use the proposed system for emotion recognition is verified by comparing its performance on identifying fear, happiness and a neutral condition, with certified measuring equipment. For this purpose, machine learning algorithms were applied to the respiratory and cardiac signals captured simultaneously by the radar and the referenced contact-based system.

Incomplete recovery of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio is associated with the late introduction of antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV infection.

Despite being subject to lower AIDS-related mortality rates and having a higher life expectancy, patients with HIV are more prone to develop non-AIDS events. A low CD4+/CD8+ ratio during antiretroviral therapy identifies people with heightened immune senescence and increased risk of mortality. In clinical practice, finding determinants of a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio may be useful for identifying patients who require close monitoring due to an increased risk of comorbidities and death.

Systems bioengineering approaches for developmental toxicology.

Developmental toxicology is the field of study that examines the effects of chemical and physical agents on developing organisms. By using principles of systems biology and bioengineering, a systems bioengineering approach could be applied to study the complex interactions between developing organisms, the environment, and toxic agents. This approach would result in a holistic understanding of the effects of toxic agents on organisms, by considering the interactions between different biological systems and the impacts of toxicants on those interactions.

Arginine or Hypertonic Saline-Stimulated Copeptin to Diagnose AVP Deficiency.

Background: Distinguishing between arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency and primary polydipsia is challenging. Hypertonic saline-stimulated copeptin has been used to diagnose AVP deficiency with high accuracy but requires close sodium monitoring. Arginine-stimulated copeptin has shown similar diagnostic accuracy but with a simpler test protocol.

Evaluation of Functional and Joint Health and Associated Factors in Adults With Hemophilia From a Developing Country With Government-Backed Efforts to Improve Hemophilia Care.

Introduction Hemophilic arthropathy affects people with hemophilia (PwH) and causes joint dysfunction and disability. Brazil has a unique situation and implemented policies to improve health care for PwH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Functional Independence Score in Hemophilia (FISH), Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS), and associated factors among adult PwH attending a Hemophilia Comprehensive Care Center in Brazil.

Evaluation of a new treadmill exercise protocol to unmask type 1 Brugada electrocardiographic pattern: can we improve diagnostic yield?

Aims: High precordial leads (HPL) on the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) are widely used to improve diagnostic detection of type 1 Brugada ECG pattern (Br1ECGp). A parasympathetic activation marks the initial recovery phase of treadmill stress testing (TET), and this can be useful for detecting the typical ECG pattern. Our study aimed to evaluate the role of a new HPL-treadmill exercise testing (TET) protocol in detecting Br1ECGp fluctuation compared to resting HPL-ECG.

Fiber Loop Mirror Based on Optical Fiber Circulator for Sensing Applications.

In this paper, a different Fiber Loop Mirror (FLM) configuration with two circulators is presented. This configuration is demonstrated and characterized for sensing applications. This new design concept was used for strain and torsion discrimination.

Removal of Cr(VI) from water by in natura and magnetic nanomodified hydroponic lettuce roots.

Biosorption is a viable and environmentally friendly process to remove pollutants and species of commercial interest. Biological materials are employed as adsorbents for the retention, removal, or recovery of potentially toxic metals from aqueous matrices. Hexavalent chromium is a potential contaminant commonly used in galvanoplasty and exhibits concerning effects on humans and the environment.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: a comprehensive overview.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by the inability to concentrate urine that results in polyuria and polydipsia, despite having normal or elevated plasma concentrations of arginine vasopressin (AVP). In this study, we review the clinical aspects and diagnosis of NDI, the various etiologies, current treatment options and potential future developments. NDI has different clinical manifestations and approaches according to the etiology.

"Subclinical atherosclerosis in acromegaly: Possible association with cardiovascular risk factors rather than disease activity".

Objective: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is still a major cause of excessive morbidity and mortality in patients with active acromegaly, which may be attributed to a high prevalence of associated pro-atherosclerotic risk factors. However, a direct effect of GH/IGF-1 excess on the vasculature has been previously suggested, warranting further investigation. The present study was designed to investigate whether chronic GH/IGF-1 excess is associated with an increased prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with acromegaly.

Respiratory microbiota of healthy broilers can act as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.

This study aimed at evaluate the presence and to study characteristics of Escherichia coli in the respiratory system microbiota of healthy broilers. Trachea, air sacs, and lungs of 20 broilers were analyzed at 21 days of age, reared in experimental conditions, without receiving antimicrobials. E.

Judicialization of coagulation factors in severe hemophilia: compliance with the care protocol and associated factors Judicialization and severe hemophilia.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the compliance with the assistance protocol and factors associated with the judicialization of coagulation factors in severe hemophilia patients.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2015 to May 2016 in adults with severe hemophilia in the Federal District, Brazil using data from their medical records and the Hemovida Web Coagulopathies System.

Results: One-hundred and three patients from Federal District, the capital of Brazil, were included in the study.

The usefulness of copeptin for the diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in infancy: a case report.

Objectives: We report a case of an infant with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) diagnosed by the measurement of serum copeptin. There is only one study that previously evaluated the use of copeptin measurement in a pediatric patient.

Case Presentation: We present a 10-month-old child with polyuria-polydipsia syndrome (PPS) and hypernatremia that could not support water restriction due to increased risk of dehydration and worsening of his condition.