Alpha-terthienyl increases filamentous actin of Entamoeba histolytica.

This study aimed to know if alpha terthienyl (α-T) affects E. histolytica viability and to analyze its effect on the actin cytoskeleton. Trophozoites of E.

Chemical Characterization of Plant Extracts and Evaluation of their Nematicidal and Phytotoxic Potential.

ranks among the "top ten" plant-parasitic nematodes of phytosanitary importance. It causes significant losses in commercial interest crops in America and is a potential risk in the European Union. The nematicidal and phytotoxic activities of seven plant extracts against and were evaluated in vitro, respectively.

Characterization of pectin extracted under mild conditions from tempesquistle (Sideroxylon palmeri) fruit at two maturity stages.

Background: le tree (Sideroxylon palmeri) belongs to family Sapotaceae, and its fruits contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic gums. Aim of this study was to develop an extraction method for pectin, a hydrophilic gum, from green and ripe tempesquistle fruit. The extraction method was gentle to minimize potential structural changes in pectin, a maceration was used, and then pectin precipitation was induced with acetone at room temperature.

Insecticidal and Nematicidal Contributions of Mexican Flora in the Search for Safer Biopesticides.

Plant metabolites have been used for many years to control pests in animals and to protect crops. Here, we reviewed the available literature, looking for the species of Mexican flora for which extracts and metabolites have shown activity against pest insects and parasitic nematodes of agricultural importance, as well as against nematodes that parasitize domestic cattle. From 1996 to 2018, the search for novel and eco-friendly biopesticides has resulted in the identification of 114 species belonging to 36 botanical families of Mexican plants with reported biological effects on 20 insect species and seven nematode species.

Productivity and Antioxidant Activity of Wild, Reconstituted, and Hybrid Strains of the Pink Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus djamor (Agaricomycetes), from Mexico.

The genus Pleurotus is the third most commonly produced edible fungi in the world. In addition, species of genus Pleurotus have functional properties such as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, which are mainly attributed to phenolic compounds. For these reasons, this study evaluated the productivity and antioxidant activity (AA) of 2 wild strains (white and pink), 2 reconstituted strains (called "BB" and "RR"), and 4 hybrid strains (H1, H2, H3, and H4) of P.

Natural antioxidant extracts as food preservatives.

The food industry is becoming more specialized and processing methods are continuously being developed to meet consumer needs. Consumers demand products that are safe and preferably free of synthetic additives. These additives are associated with health effects, in most cases without reasonable justification.

EVALUATION OF ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF EIGHT VEGETAL SPECIES FROM THE STATE OF OAXACA.

Background: Eight plant species from Oaxaca, some of them used in traditional medicine, were subjected to screening of several biological activities to provide data regarding their anticancer potential, although no scientific information is available about their pharmacological effects.

Materials And Methods: Methanol extracts from stems or roots of the eight plants were tested for antioxidant activity by the DPPH- method. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained by broth dilution method.

Antiamoebic Activity of Adenophyllum aurantium (L.) Strother and Its Effect on the Actin Cytoskeleton of Entamoeba histolytica.

In Mexico, the Adenophyllum aurantium (L.) Strother plant is consumed as an infusion to treat intestinal diseases such as amoebiasis, which is an endemic health problem in Mexico and other countries. However, the effect of A.

Effect of crude plant extracts from some Oaxacan flora on two deleterious fungal phytopathogens and extract compatibility with a biofertilizer strain.

The antimicrobial activity of 12 plant extracts was tested against the phytopathogens Alternaria alternata and Fusarium solani. In addition, the compatibility of the extracts toward Bacillus liqueniformis, a biofertilizer and a non-target microorganism, was assessed. Plants tested belong to the Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Crassulaceae, Rubiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Verbenaceae, Orchidaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Boraginaceae, and Tiliaceae families and were collected in the State of Oaxaca.

Complete 1H NMR assignments of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and a new eudesmanoid from Senecio polypodioides.

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Senecio polypodioides lead to the isolation of the new eudesmanoid 1β-angeloyloxyeudesm-7-ene-4β,9α-diol (1) and the known dirhamnosyl flavonoid lespidin (3), while from roots, the known 7β-angeloyloxy-1-methylene-8α-pyrrolizidine (5) and sarracine N-oxide (6), as well as the new neosarracine N-oxide (8), were obtained. The structure of 1 and 8 was elucidated by spectral means. Complete assignments of the (1)H NMR data for 5, 6, sarracine (7), and 8 were made using one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR experiments and by application of the iterative full spin analysis of the PERCH NMR software.

Bioactive saponins from Microsechium helleri and Sicyos bulbosus.

Eleven oleanane-type saponins (1-11) have been isolated from Microsechium helleri and Sicyos bulbosus roots and were evaluated for their antifeedant, nematicidal and phytotoxic activities. Saponins {3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2β,3β,16α,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside} (1), and {3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2β,3β,16α,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside} (2) were also isolated from M. helleri roots together with the two known compounds 3 and 4.

New saponins from Sechium mexicanum.

The chemical study of Sechium mexicanum roots led to the isolation of the two new saponins {3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2beta,3beta,16alpha,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside} (1) and {3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2beta,3beta,16alpha,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-apiosyl-(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside} (2), together with the known compounds {3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2beta,3beta,6beta,16alpha,23-pentahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside} (3), tacacosides A(1) (4) and B(3) (5). The structures of saponins 1 and 2 were elucidated using a combination of (1)H and (13)C 1D-NMR, COSY, TOCSY, gHMBC and gHSQC 2D-NMR, and FABMS of the natural compounds and their peracetylated derivates, as well as by chemical degradation. Compounds 1-3 are the first examples of saponins containing polygalacic and 16-hydroxyprotobasic acids found in the genus Sechium, while 4 and 5, which had been characterized partially by NMR, are now characterized in detail.

Profiling of the resin glycoside content of Mexican jalap roots with purgative activity.

Mexican Jalap roots, a prehispanic medicinal plant complex still considered to be a useful laxative, can be found as an ingredient in some over-the-counter products sold by herbalists in contemporary Mexico. The drug is prepared from the dried roots of several morning glories, all of which have been identified as members of the genus Ipomoea. Analysis of several commercial samples was assessed by generating HPLC and 13C NMR spectroscopic profiles of the glycosidic acids obtained through saponification of the resin glycoside contents.