The associations of hair glucocorticoids with socioeconomic position and type 2 diabetes: Findings from the Maastricht study.

Background: People with a low socioeconomic position (SEP) are at higher risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). A social gradient in chronic stress might be a potential explanation for this relationship. Chronic stress as a result of low SEP might impact biomarkers such as cortisol and cortisone levels.

The importance of material deprivation in type 2 diabetes incidence: longitudinal analyses in the Maastricht study.

Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic disease that disproportionately affects groups with a low socioeconomic position (SEP). In addition to traditional SEP measures, material deprivation allows for further differentiation between people at the bottom of the socioeconomic hierarchy. This study therefore aimed to examine longitudinal associations between material deprivation and incident T2DM, independent of traditional SEP measures and childhood income inadequacy.

Interaction between coffee consumption and polygenic risk score in relation to diabetes: insights from the Maastricht study.

Aims: This study investigated the associations of polygenic risk score (PRS) and coffee consumption, as well as their interaction, with prediabetes and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) among participants in the southern Netherlands.

Methods: 7668 participants were classified as normal glucose metabolism (NGM), prediabetes, or T2DM based on World Health Organization 2006 criteria. PRS (423 T2DM-related single nucleotide polymorphisms) and coffee consumption (via food frequency questionnaire) were categorized into tertiles (low, medium, and high) based on the population distribution.

The association between sleep parameters, cognitive functioning, and markers of brain morphology: The Maastricht Study.

Study Objectives: To examine the association of objective and subjective sleep parameters with cognitive functioning and markers of brain morphology.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3360 participants (mean age: 59.5 ± 8.

Combined Associations of Type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Neuropathy With Device-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour-The Maastricht Study.

Objective: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we determined the independent and combined associations of T2DM and PN with device-based measures of physical activity levels and sedentary behaviour.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional data from The Maastricht Study were used (N: 6471, age 59.

Association between recent real-life exposure to hypoglycaemia and cognitive function during hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes: Findings from the Hypo-RESOLVE clamp study.

Aims: Cognitive decline during hypoglycaemia poses a risk for severe hypoglycaemia among people with type 1 diabetes, as it may compromise the ability to self-treat and recover. Antecedent hypoglycaemia has been associated with blunted counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycaemia, but whether hypoglycaemia-induced cognitive dysfunction is subject to such a process of habituation is unclear. We investigated the association between recent real-life exposure to hypoglycaemia recorded by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and cognitive function during a hypoglycaemic clamp.

Glucose variability measured by continuous glucose monitoring is associated with skin autofluorescence: the Maastricht Study.

Aims/hypothesis: Glucose variability in people with type 2 diabetes has been associated with increased risk of CVD, and AGEs might be an underlying mechanism. Therefore, this study investigates associations of glucose variability with AGEs in the skin in people with and without impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes.

Methods: We used data from the Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study.

Type 2 diabetes and depression via microvascular dysfunction, neurodegeneration, inflammation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and arterial stiffness.

Aims: Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of depression, but the mechanisms underlying this association are incompletely understood. We investigated whether microvascular dysfunction, neurodegeneration, low-grade inflammation, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and arterial stiffness, pathologies that are more common in diabetes, explain, or mediate the association between type 2 diabetes and incident clinically relevant depressive symptoms.

Materials And Methods: We used prospective data from The Maastricht Study, a population-based cohort study.

[GLP1-agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors in the perioperative setting].

The use of GLP1-agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors among inpatients increases due to their favorable metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal effects. However, there are concerns regarding their perioperative safety, because of delayed gastric emptying associated with GLP1-agonists which potentially increases aspiration risk, and the risk of (euglycemic) ketoacidosis associated with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors. To avoid these potential complications, it is currently advised to stop GLP1-agonists one dose preoperatively and SGLT2 inhibitors for three days, both of which carries a risk for glucose dysregulation.

Socioeconomic position and type 2 diabetes: Examining the mediating role of social cohesion-The Maastricht Study.

The relationship between socioeconomic position and type 2 diabetes is well-established; individuals of lower socioeconomic position experience substantially higher rates of the disease. This study investigated the mediating role of perceived and ecometric area-level social cohesion in the association between socioeconomic position and incident type 2 diabetes. In a prospective population-based cohort, The Maastricht Study, we analyzed data from 6,604 participants (age¯ = 58.

Effects of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on cardiac function in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and people without diabetes.

Aims: Cardiovascular disease is the most common complication and cause of death in people with diabetes. Hypoglycaemia is independently associated with the development of cardiovascular complications, including death. The aim of this study was to assess changes in cardiac function and workload during acute hypoglycaemia in people with and without diabetes and to explore the role of diabetes type, magnitude of the adrenaline response, and other phenotypic traits.

Forns index and fatty liver index, but not FIB-4, are associated with indices of glycaemia, pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: analysis of The Maastricht Study.

Objective: Glucose metabolism status (GMS) is linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Higher levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are observed in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and NAFLD. We examined the association between GMS, non-invasive tests and AGEs, with liver steatosis and fibrosis.

Validation of radiolabelled exendin for beta cell imaging by ex vivo autoradiography and immunohistochemistry of human pancreas.

Background: Estimation of beta cell mass is currently restricted to evaluating pancreatic tissue samples, which provides limited information. A non-invasive imaging technique that reliably quantifies beta cell mass enables monitoring of changes of beta cell mass during the progression of diabetes mellitus and may contribute to monitoring of therapy effectiveness. We assessed the specificity of radiolabelled exendin for beta cell mass quantification in humans.

The interdependence of targets for continuous glucose monitoring outcomes in type 1 diabetes with automated insulin delivery.

Aim: The aim was to determine the interdependence of targets for glucose management indicator (GMI), time within the ranges of 70-180 mg/dL (TIR) and 70-140 mg/dL (time in tight glucose range [TITR]), time above 180 mg/dL (TA180) and 250 mg/dL (TA250) and time below 70 mg/dL (TB70) and 54 mg/dL (TB54) and its implications for setting targets in automated insulin delivery (AID).

Materials And Methods: Real-world data from individuals with type 1 diabetes using the 780G system were used to calculate the receiver operating characteristic curves and establish interdependent targets for time in ranges based on several GMI benchmarks. Correlation, regression and principal component analysis were used to determine their association and dimensionality.

Early life socioeconomic inequalities and type 2 diabetes incidence: Longitudinal analyses in the Maastricht study.

Aim: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common chronic disease that disproportionally affects groups with a low socioeconomic position (SEP). This study aimed to examine associations between childhood SEP and incident T2D, independent of adult SEP.

Methods: Longitudinal data from The Maastricht Study were used (N=6,727, 55.

Bone microarchitecture and strength assessed by HRpQCT in individuals with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: the Maastricht study.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a prevalent disease and has been associated with an increased fracture risk despite normal or even higher areal BMD. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between glucose metabolism status (GMS) and measurements of glycemic control with HRpQCT parameters of bone microarchitecture and strength. Participants of the Maastricht study who underwent an HRpQCT scan at the distal radius and tibia were included.

Estimating risk of consequences following hypoglycaemia exposure using the Hypo-RESOLVE cohort: a secondary analysis of pooled data from insulin clinical trials.

Aims/hypothesis: Whether hypoglycaemia increases the risk of other adverse outcomes in diabetes remains controversial, especially for hypoglycaemia episodes not requiring assistance from another person. An objective of the Hypoglycaemia REdefining SOLutions for better liVEs (Hypo-RESOLVE) project was to create and use a dataset of pooled clinical trials in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes to examine the association of exposure to all hypoglycaemia episodes across the range of severity with incident event outcomes: death, CVD, neuropathy, kidney disease, retinal disorders and depression. We also examined the change in continuous outcomes that occurred following a hypoglycaemia episode: change in eGFR, HbA, blood glucose, blood glucose variability and weight.

Real-life hypoglycaemia partially blunts the inflammatory response to experimental hypoglycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To determine whether recent repeated exposure to real-life hypoglycaemia affects the pro-inflammatory response during a hypoglycemia episode.

Materials And Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic-hypoglycaemic clamp study, involving 40 participants with type 1 diabetes. Glucose levels 1 week before the clamp were monitored using a Freestyle Libre 1.