Enhancing Fuel Cell Performance by Constructing a Gas Diffusion Layer with Gradient Microstructure.

This study focuses on addressing the issues of water flooding and mass transfer limitations in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) under high current density conditions. A multi-scale gradient pore gas diffusion layer (GDL) is designed to enhance fuel cell performance. The pore structure is precisely controlled using a self-assembled mold, resulting in the fabrication of a GDL with a gradient distribution of pore diameters ranging from 80 to 170 μm.