Dendranthema oreastrum (Hance) Y.Ling Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury.

We examined the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the methanolic extract of Dendranthema oreastrum (Hance) Y.Ling, commonly known as "Gu-Jeol-Cho" in Korea and widely found across East Asia, using an LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model and TNF-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells. LPS was intratracheally administered at 20 μg/50 μL/mouse for 3 days.

var. leaves ameliorate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in PPE/LPS-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mouse model.

: var. (SP) is a known medical food that is used to treat emesis, malaria, and fever. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of SP leaf extract on oxidative stress and airway inflammation using a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mouse model induced by porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Particulate matter-mediated oxidative stress induces airway inflammation and pulmonary dysfunction through TXNIP/NF-κB and modulation of the SIRT1-mediated p53 and TGF-β/Smad3 pathways in mice.

Exposure to particulate matter is currently recognized as a serious aggravating factor of respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of particulate matter (PM) on the respiratory system in BALB/c mice and NCI-H292 cells. PM (0, 2.

Extract Inhibits Platelet Desialylation and Activation to Ameliorate Sepsis-Associated Thrombocytopenia in a Murine CLP-Induced Sepsis Model.

Sepsis, characterized by an uncontrolled host inflammatory response to infections, remains a leading cause of death in critically ill patients worldwide. Sepsis-associated thrombocytopenia (SAT), a common disease in patients with sepsis, is an indicator of disease severity. Therefore, alleviating SAT is an important aspect of sepsis treatment; however, platelet transfusion is the only available treatment strategy for SAT.

Antiviral activity of CAVAC-1901, a combination of 3 standardized medicinal plants, against highly pathogenic influenza A virus in chickens.

Three different medicinal plants that consisted of the formulated mixture (CAVAC-1901) have been traditionally used for distinct medicinal purposes in different areas. Angelica dahurica has been used as an important ingredient of a prescription, Gumiganghwal-tang, for the common cold and influenza. Curcuma longa has been utilized for the treatment of asthma, and jaundice.

Immunological Effects of Callus-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Therapeutic Agents against Allergic Asthma.

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles, (EVs), have recently gained attention as potential therapeutic candidates. However, the varying properties of plants that are dependent on their growth conditions, and the unsustainable production of plant-derived EVs hinder drug development. Herein, we analyzed the secondary metabolites of callus-derived EVs (AYC-EVs) obtained via plant tissue cultures and performed an immune functional assay to assess the potential therapeutic effects of AYC-EVs against inflammatory diseases.

Inhibition of a broad range of SARS-CoV-2 variants by antiviral phytochemicals in hACE2 mice.

Although several vaccines and antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 are currently available, control and prevention of COVID-19 through these interventions is limited due to inaccessibility and economic issues in some regions and countries. Moreover, incomplete viral clearance by ineffective therapeutics may lead to rapid genetic evolution, resulting in the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants that may escape the host immune system as well as currently available COVID-19 vaccines. Here, we report that phytochemicals extracted from Chlorella spp.

Flavonostilbenes Isolated from the Stems of as Potential SIRT1 Activators.

The cumulative effects of cell damage result in aging, which gradually decreases human function in various aspects and leads to multiple age-related chronic diseases. To overcome the adverse effects of aging, silent mating type information regulation 2 homologue (SIRT1) activators are promising bioactive compounds that mimic calorie restriction to improve quality of life and prevent aging. In this study, 11 new flavonostilbenes (-) and three known compounds (-) were purified from stems of .

Rugonidines A-F, Diastereomeric 1,6-Dioxa-7,9-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-8-amines from the Leaves of .

Rugonidines A-F (-), three pairs of novel configurationally semistable diastereomers featuring an unprecedented 1,6-dioxa-7,9-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-8-amine scaffold, were isolated from based on MS/MS-based molecular networking analysis. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy in combination with quantum-chemical calculations.

Triterpenoid saponins from the leaves and stems of Pericampylus glaucus and their insulin mimetic activities.

During an attempt to discover insulin mimetics, thirteen new triterpenoid saponins (1-13), including three phytolaccagenic acids (1, 2, and 12) and ten serjanic acids (3-11 and 13), as aglycones were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of leaves and stems from Pericampylus glaucus. The chemical structures of compounds 1-13 were determined through spectroscopic data analysis, including NMR, IR, and HRESIMS. All isolated compounds (1-13) were evaluated using 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-d-glucose (2-NBDG) as a fluorescent-tagged glucose probe to determine their stimulatory effects on glucose uptake in differentiated 3 T3-L1 adipocyte cells.

Flavanonol Glycosides from the Stems of and Their Neuroprotective Activities.

The accumulation of amyloid beta (A) peptides is common in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, who are characterized by neurological cognitive impairment. In the search for materials with inhibitory activity against the accumulation of the A peptide, seven undescribed flavanonol glycosides (-) and five known compounds (-) were isolated from stems of by HPLC-qTOF MS/MS-based molecular networking. Interestingly, this plant has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions.

SIRT1 Activation Enhancing 8,3'-Neolignans from the Twigs of Uyeki.

Three undescribed 8,3'-neolignans, corynol (), 3-methoxy-corynol () and 3'-deoxy-corynol (), together with two bergenin derivatives, three flavonoids, two hydrolysable tannins and six simple phenolic compounds, were isolated from the twigs of Uyeki. The structures of the 8,3'-neolignans were elucidated by analyzing their NMR, HRESIMS and ECD spectra. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their SIRT1 stimulatory activity, and 3'-deoxy-corynol () showed SIRT1 stimulation activity.

Meroterpenoids from the leaves of Psidium guajava (guava) cultivated in Korea using MS/MS-based molecular networking.

MS/MS-based molecular networking showed differences in the chemical profiles, especially the terpenoid-coupled-phloroglucinol clusters, of Psidium guajava grown in Jeju Island of South Korea ("Jejuguava"), Vietnam and China. A chemical investigation of the 95% EtOH extract of Jejuguava leaves revealed meroterpenoids characterized by a dihydropyran ring junction between an acylphloroglucinol structure and terpenoid, and named jejuguajavones A-J (1-10). Compounds (±)-8-(±)-10 are racemic mixtures that were separated using a chiral HPLC column.

Alnus hirsuta (Spach) Rupr. Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Mucus Overproduction in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma.

(Spach) Rupr. (AH), a member of the Betulaceae family, is widely used in Eastern Asia of as a source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of hemorrhage, diarrhea, and alcoholism. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a methanolic extract of AH branches against airway inflammation and mucus production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma mouse model.

Melicopteline A-E, Unusual Cyclopeptide Alkaloids with Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Virus from .

In the search for antiviral cyclopeptides against influenza A virus, five unprecedented Caryophyllaceae-type cyclopeptides (-) were isolated from the leaves of . Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were unambiguously determined by means of advanced Marfey's analysis and comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and MS/MS fragmentation. Interestingly, compounds - contain an unusual heterocycle, a 3a-hydroxypyrroloindole moiety, which was biosynthetically formed by a nucleophilic cyclization from the least abundant amino acid, tryptophan, precursor and has aroused a great interest in the aspect of chemical diversity and biological activity.

Phenolic Constituents of the Roots of with Senolytic Activity.

With the advent of senolytic agents capable of selectively removing senescent cells in old tissues, the perception of age-associated diseases has been changing from being an inevitable to a preventable phenomenon of human life. In the search for materials with senolytic activity from natural products, six new flavonostilbenes (-), three new phenylethylchromanones (-), three new phenylethylchromones (-), and four known compounds (-) were isolated from the roots of . The chemical structures of these isolated compounds were determined based on the interpretation of spectroscopic data, including 1D and 2D NMR, ECD, and HRMS.

Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation in a Murine Model of Ovalbumin-Challenged Asthma.

is widespread in northeast Asia and used for treatment of improvement of blood circulation and anti-inflammation. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of the methanolic extract of leaves (LOL) in an ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged allergic asthma model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cell. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized with OVA by intraperitoneal injection on days 0 and 14, and airway-challenged with OVA from days 21 to 23.

Neuroprotective Effects of Triterpenoids from against Amyloid β-Induced Neuronal Damage.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurocognitive impairment affecting human mental capacity, is related to the accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. In addition to modern therapies approved for AD treatment, natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have been studied for their potential to prevent AD pathogenesis. Six new noroleanane triterpenoids from the fruit peels of were isolated, and their structures were determined by diverse spectroscopic methods.

Metabolite Profiling of Rambutan ( L.) Seeds Using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and Senomorphic Effects in Aged Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

(rambutan) is an edible tropical fruit that is widely grown in Southeast Asia. In general, the seeds contain high nutrients, but rambutan seeds are thrown out during processing. In this study, the anti-aging activity of rambutan seeds was evaluated with a new approach through the selective inhibition of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (senomorphics).

Antiviral activity of furanocoumarins isolated from Angelica dahurica against influenza a viruses H1N1 and H9N2.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. & Hook.

Antiviral Activities of Compounds Isolated from (Pine Tree) against the Influenza A Virus.

was screened in an ongoing project to discover anti-influenza candidates from natural products. An extensive phytochemical investigation provided 26 compounds, including two new megastigmane glycosides ( and ), 21 diterpenoids (), and three flavonoids (). The chemical structures were elucidated by a series of chemical reactions, including modified Mosher's analysis and various spectroscopic measurements such as LC/MS and 1D- and 2D-NMR.

Oleanane Triterpenoids from the Leaves of and Their Insulin Mimetic Activities.

During an effort to find insulin mimetic compounds, the leaves of were shown to have a stimulatory effect on glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation on a 70% ethanol extract of was applied to yield two new ( and ) and two known ( and ) oleanane triterpenoids with a methyl anthranilate moiety together with five further new oleanane triterpenoids (-). The chemical structures of all isolates were determined based on their spectroscopic data, including IR, UV, NMR, and mass spectrometric analysis.

Screening ginseng saponins in progenitor cells identifies 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh as an enhancer of skeletal and cardiac muscle regeneration.

Aging is associated with increased prevalence of skeletal and cardiac muscle disorders, such as sarcopenia and cardiac infarction. In this study, we constructed a compendium of purified ginsenoside compounds from Panax ginseng C.A.

var. Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury and TNF-α-Stimulated NCI-H292 Cells.

var. (SP) is traditionally used as an herbal remedy to treat fever, malaria, and emesis. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract of SP leaves in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated NCI-H292 cells and in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model.

Oleanane hemiacetal glycosides from Gymnema latifolium and their inhibitory effects on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.

Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R. Br.