Integrated bioprocessing of cassava residues for enzymatic starch recovery, citric acid production, and effluent detoxification.

Waste management and effluent treatment in bio-procedures are essential for maintaining a clean environment and enhancing the value of cassava waste. The study analysed effluents for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) content and cyanide concentration (HCN), using activated charcoal, sand, and gravel as filter media. It also evaluated the enzymatic production of starch from cassava peels and fermentation with Aspergillus niger for citric acid production.

Physiological and Metabolic Responses of Wheat ( L.) after One-Generation Exposure to Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS).

The pattern of plant responses, particularly on the seeds/grains metabolite profile, after generational exposure to contaminants is not well documented. Seeds from wheat cultivated in soil amended with PFOS at 0 and 25 mg/kg in the first generation were grown in clean soil to produce daughter plants and seeds in the second generation and assigned treatment combinations of 0-0 mg/kg PFOS and 25-0 mg/kg PFOS. Plant stress and responses including growth and biomass production, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, and enzyme activity were measured over a short exposure period (21 days growth period).

Assessment of the physicochemical characteristics of by-products of cassava processing and their effects on biodiversity.

Cassava offers by-products of processing such as peels and effluents, which seldom are disposed of without proper treatments. These by-products are rich in organic matter and cyanogenic compounds, which can be potentially hazardous to the environment. For sustainable waste management and ecological balance, a systematic investigation was carried out to analyse the physicochemical properties of cassava peels and effluents and their effects on biodiversity.

Development of standard operating protocol for measurement of cassava root mealiness.

One of the major attributes of boiled cassava roots is its ability to soften within a short period, otherwise known as mealiness. This study aimed to establish and validate standard operating procedures for assessing the mealiness of boiled cassava roots. Twenty cassava genotypes, including landrace and improved varieties, were selected for the protocol development, with an additional ten genotypes used for validation.