An Epidemiological Survey of Fluid Resuscitation Practices for Adult Burns Patients in the United Kingdom.

Fluid management is a critical component in the treatment of patients suffering with major burns. Clinicians must carefully balance judicious resuscitation with the risks of over- or under-resuscitation. We aimed to identify factors associated with survival in burns patients and determine the importance of resuscitation practices.

The Political and Human Impact of Major Burn Incidents: A Global Analysis of Mass Casualty Events Between 2010 and 2020.

Introduction: Worldwide, burn injuries cause approximately 180,000 deaths annually. Contributing to these figures are those deaths that occur following major burn incidents and explosions. Morbidity and mortality can be significantly high following such events, and well-equipped, specialized burns services are crucial to minimizing the human impact.

Redefining the concept of the elderly burn patient: Analysis of a multicentre international dataset.

Background: The elderly are highly vulnerable to major burn injuries. Typically, 'elderly' is accepted as ≥ 65 years of age. This cut-off is arbitrary, lacks a robust evidence base and is potentially damaging from a clinical-decision-making perspective.

Major burns in adults: a practice review.

There are approximately 180 000 deaths per year from thermal burn injury worldwide. Most burn injuries can be treated in local hospitals but 6.5% require specialist burn care.

CXR-Net: A Multitask Deep Learning Network for Explainable and Accurate Diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia From Chest X-Ray Images.

Accurate and rapid detection of COVID-19 pneumonia is crucial for optimal patient treatment. Chest X-Ray (CXR) is the first-line imaging technique for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis as it is fast, cheap and easily accessible. Currently, many deep learning (DL) models have been proposed to detect COVID-19 pneumonia from CXR images.

Differential attainment and recruitment to Intensive Care Medicine Training in the UK, 2018-2020.

Background: Differences exist among doctors in examination performance, clinical and academic career progression, and prevalence of performance assessment by professional regulatory bodies. Some of these differences have been reported in relation to individual characteristics. The purpose of this study is to establish whether any specific individual characteristics are associated with performance in selection for entry into specialty training in Intensive Care in the United Kingdom.

Review of Burn Resuscitation: Is Plasmalyte® a Comparable Alternative to Ringer's Lactate?

Ringer's lactate has been the most widely used fluid for burn resuscitation for decades. Plasmalyte® (PL), a newer balanced crystalloid, is gaining popularity for use in the critically ill, including patients with burns. This popularity is partly due to the fact that PL theoretically offers a favorable metabolic profile, but may also be attributed to its relatively lower cost.

Epidemiology of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Prospective, Multicenter, International Cohort Study.

Objectives: Age-specific definitions for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are available, including a specific definition for neonates (the "Montreux definition"). The epidemiology of neonatal ARDS is unknown. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal ARDS.

Perspectives From a Regional Plastic Surgery Centre on Evidence for the Purported Link Between SGLT2 Inhibitors and Fournier's Gangrene.

The recent report issued by the MHRA indicating an association of Sodium glucose linked transporter type 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors with the contraction of Fournier's Gangrene (FG), has been drawn with insufficient supporting evidence and without an adequately powered study to make any meaningful assertions or recommendations. We aimed to look specifically at the currently available dataset used to link SGLT2 Inhibitors to FG and highlight what conclusions or inferences can meaningfully be made, in particular the power of any study that would be required to make sensible conclusions. World literature review of SGLT2 Inhibitors and FG was performed.

Toward the Rapid Diagnosis of Sepsis: Detecting Interleukin-6 in Blood Plasma Using Functionalized Screen-Printed Electrodes with a Thermal Detection Methodology.

This paper reports the detection of the inflammatory and sepsis-related biomarker, interleukin-6 (IL-6), in human blood plasma using functionalized screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) in conjunction with a thermal detection methodology, termed heat-transfer method (HTM). SPEs are functionalized with antibodies specific for IL-6 through electrodeposition of a diazonium linking group and '-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) coupling, which was tracked through the use of cyclic voltammetry and Raman spectroscopy. The functionalized SPEs are mounted inside an additively manufactured flow cell and connected to the HTM device.

Evaluating the Possibility of Translating Technological Advances in Non-Invasive Continuous Lactate Monitoring into Critical Care.

Lactate is widely measured in critically ill patients as a robust indicator of patient deterioration and response to treatment. Plasma concentrations represent a balance between lactate production and clearance. Analysis has typically been performed with the aim of detecting tissue hypoxia.

Immature platelet indices alongside procalcitonin for sensitive and specific identification of bacteremia in the intensive care unit.

Hematological markers that can be rapidly analyzed and regularly monitored during a patient's stay on ICU, and that can identify bacterial causes of sepsis are being extensively sought. The significance of platelets in early immunological responses provides justification for assessing their usefulness in the identification of bacteremia amongst sepsis patients. In this preliminary study, the full blood count, including the platelet count by impedance (PLT-I), Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF%) and absolute immature platelet count (AIPC), were analyzed in eighty-two sepsis patients daily over the first 5 days stay on ICU.

Porcine vs bovine surfactant therapy for preterm neonates with RDS: systematic review with biological plausibility and pragmatic meta-analysis of respiratory outcomes.

Background: Bovine surfactants are known to be clinically equivalent but it is unclear if porcine or bovine surfactants at their licensed dose should be preferred to treat respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of biochemical and pharmacological features of surfactants to understand the biological plausibility of any clinical effect. We then performed a pragmatic meta-analysis comparing internationally marketed porcine and bovine surfactants for mortality and respiratory outcomes.

Derivation and validation of a prognostic model for postoperative risk stratification of critically ill patients with faecal peritonitis.

Background: Prognostic scores and models of illness severity are useful both clinically and for research. The aim of this study was to develop two prognostic models for the prediction of long-term (6 months) and 28-day mortality of postoperative critically ill patients with faecal peritonitis (FP).

Methods: Patients admitted to intensive care units with faecal peritonitis and recruited to the European GenOSept study were divided into a derivation and a geographical validation subset; patients subsequently recruited to the UK GAinS study were used for temporal validation.

Relationship between transcutaneous bilirubin and circulating unbound bilirubin in jaundiced neonates.

Background: Transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) consists of the skin-deposited bilirubin. Free bilirubin represents the protein-unbound bilirubin (UB) that is able to pass into the tissues. We aimed to describe the relationship UB-TcB and study the passage of UB into the skin.

Association between trends in clinical variables and outcome in intensive care patients with faecal peritonitis: analysis of the GenOSept cohort.

Introduction: Patients admitted to intensive care following surgery for faecal peritonitis present particular challenges in terms of clinical management and risk assessment. Collaborating surgical and intensive care teams need shared perspectives on prognosis. We aimed to determine the relationship between dynamic assessment of trends in selected variables and outcomes.

Patients with faecal peritonitis admitted to European intensive care units: an epidemiological survey of the GenOSept cohort.

Introduction: Faecal peritonitis (FP) is a common cause of sepsis and admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The Genetics of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Europe (GenOSept) project is investigating the influence of genetic variation on the host response and outcomes in a large cohort of patients with sepsis admitted to ICUs across Europe. Here we report an epidemiological survey of the subset of patients with FP.

The use of the Berlin definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome during infancy and early childhood: multicenter evaluation and expert consensus.

Purpose: A new acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) definition has been recently issued: the so-called Berlin definition (BD) has some characteristics that could make it suitable for pediatrics. The European Society for Pediatric Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) Respiratory Section started a project to evaluate BD validity in early childhood. A secondary aim was reaching a consensus on clinical tools (risk factors list and illustrative radiographs) to help the application of BD.

Efficacy of light-emitting diode versus other light sources for treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Various light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy devices have been trialled on the assumption of a more effective spectral distribution of the light emitted. We reviewed the current literature to determine whether LED is more effective than other types of phototherapy. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of LED versus other phototherapies.