Unveiling the Power of Computational Tools in Chiral Liquid Chromatography.

Chiral liquid chromatography (cLC) using chiral stationary phases (CSPs) has become a crucial technique for separating enantiomers. Understanding enantiomeric discrimination is essential for improving chromatographic conditions and elucidating chiral molecular recognition; the computational methods are extremely helpful for this. To assess the relevance of the association of these two approaches and to analyze the current trends, in this review, a systematic analysis of the scientific literature was performed, covering recently published works (from 2015 to January 2025) on enantioseparation by cLC using CSPs and computational studies.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Chromeno[3,4-]xanthones as Multifunctional Agents for Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a complex and unmet medical challenge, requiring innovative approaches to address its multifaceted pathology. In this study, we explored chromeno[3,4-]xanthones as a novel multifunctional scaffold, synthesized via the straightforward cyclization of their precursor, ()-2-styrylchromones. Compounds and - exhibited potent and selective cholinesterase inhibition (IC 1.

Intravenous Golimumab in Children With Polyarticular-Course Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Long-Term Extension of an Open-Label Phase III Study.

J Rheumatol 2024; doi: 10.3899/jrheum.2024-0298 Following the initial publication of this article, the study team became aware of additional nonserious adverse events (AEs) that occurred during the long-term extension study.

Nutritional Supplementation Benefits in under Developmental Disruption and Stress Conditions.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental and neurological condition that impacts an individual's behavior, communication, social interaction, and learning abilities. This disease is complex and involves different mechanisms, and therefore, modeling is a major challenge. Some features can be reproduced in different animal models to investigate therapeutic approaches.

A Flexible Fluid Delivery System for Rodent Behavior Experiments.

Experimental behavioral neuroscience relies on the ability to deliver precise amounts of liquid volumes to animal subjects. Among others, it allows the progressive shaping of behavior through successive, automated, reinforcement, thus allowing training in more demanding behavioral tasks and the manipulation of variables that underlie the decision-making process. Here we introduce a stepper motor-based, fully integrated, open-source solution, that allows the reproducible delivery of small (<1μl) liquid volumes.

Label-Free Proteomic Profiling of the dvls2 (CL2006) Caenorhabditis elegans Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Model Reveals Conserved Molecular Signatures Shared With the Human AD Brain.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, posing significant challenges to cognitive, emotional, social, and financial well-being. The biochemical and molecular pathways associated with AD are complex, making it difficult to study and simulate in patients or through in vitro research. Thus, animal models play a crucial role in investigating the development and progression of AD.

Design, synthesis, and comprehensive evaluation of novel imidazole-chromone hybrids as potent cholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibitors.

A series of new hybrid styrylchromone (3a-3h) molecules incorporating imidazole and chromone nuclei were synthesized and characterized. A Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction was performed on these compounds, leading to the formation of a new series of tricyclic molecules (4a-4h). The evaluation of their biological activity revealed that the cyclization of the styrylchromones significantly enhances their bioactive potential, in particular their inhibitory capacity towards acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-glucosidase enzymes.

The role of quinoline in the development of near-infrared fluorescent probes for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, having some negative impacts, affecting memory and other cognitive abilities, caused by injuries in brain cells. It is widely accepted that early diagnosis is essential for the successful management of AD. Since the current diagnosing strategies for imaging Aβ and tau proteins face limitations, near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) has been pursued as alternative for in vivo applications.

Nutraceutical approaches for Autism Spectrum Disorder treatment.

The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that has been increasing in prevalence and is characterized by some degree of difficulty with social interaction, communication, and sensory response. According to the World Health Organization, ASD affects 1 in 100 children, and many factors may cause brain alterations, such as genetic and environmental factors. Currently, there is no standard treatment for ASD.

Single-Benzene Fluorophore with Enhanced Emission: Insights into Photophysical Properties through Proton Transfer Mapping.

A comprehensive study of a single-benzene fluorophore, characterized by a low molecular weight and a significant Stokes' shift, is reported. The fluorophore exhibits crystallization-induced emission enhancement and pH-dependent luminescence, attributable to a conformational lock in the crystalline state and suppression of nonemissive forms upon deprotonation. Extensive photophysical analysis reveals a quantum yield increase from 1% in solution to 22% in the solid state, along with a consistent emission wavelength irrespective of the state.

Development of a biologically-inspired airway epithelial model using a bronchial decellularized scaffold: Applicability for pulmonary preclinical studies.

The search for physiologically relevant 3D airway models in vitro has made significant progress in recent decades. The goal has been to replace animal-based methods with assays that mimic the human response to toxicants exposure through inhalation. However, replicating the entire composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment has proven challenging.

Prevalence and first detection of HTLV-2 in a pregnant woman in rural Brazil.

Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus with two subtypes, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. HTLV-1 is linked to severe diseases such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-associated myelopathy, while HTLV-2 is considered less pathogenic but can cause fibromyalgia, hairy cell leukemia, and neurological disorders. Although HTLV-2 is less prevalent than HTLV-1, it is common in specific populations, such as indigenous groups and injection drug users.

The Role of Flow Chemistry on the Synthesis of Pyrazoles, Pyrazolines and Pyrazole-Fused Scaffolds.

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are fundamental scaffolds in organic chemistry, particularly due to their prevalence in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials science. Among them, five-membered rings, containing two nitrogen atoms in adjacent positions-such as pyrazoles, pyrazolines and indazoles-are especially significant due to their versatile biological activities and structural properties, which led to the search for greener, faster and more efficient methods for their synthesis. Conventional batch synthesis methods, while effective, often face challenges related to reaction efficiency, scalability and safety.

Halogenated 3-Nitro-2-Chromenes as Potential Agents Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

: Nosocomial infections caused by and resistant strains are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to the increasing rate of resistance to conventional antibiotics, the discovery of new antibiotic drugs is crucial to keep pace with the evolution of these pathogenic bacterial species. : The 3-nitro-2-chromene moiety is present in several compounds with potent antibacterial activity; based on these previous studies, we report herein the synthesis of 20 new 2-aryl-3-nitro-2-chromene derivatives and the evaluation of their antibacterial potential in vitro.

Synthesis of novel quinoline-thiazolobenzimidazolone hybrids as anticancer agents through caspase-dependent apoptosis.

Aim: This work explores the synthesis of new bi-heterocyclic hybrid compounds based on quinoline ring and investigates their potential as anticancer agents.

Materials & Methods: The novel fused quinoline-thiazolo[3,2-a] benzimidazole-3(2 h)one hybrids were prepared by regioselective nucleophilic ring opening of the corresponding quinolinyl-oxiranes. In vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated against human lung (A549) and gastric (AGS) cancer cell lines.

Flavonoids as Potential Modulators of Pancreatic Lipase Catalytic Activity.

: Obesity has reached pandemic proportions, with predictions suggesting that, by 2030, over 1.5 billion people will be affected. Pancreatic lipase (PL), the enzyme primarily responsible for the absorption of dietary lipids, presents a potential target for obesity management.

Emergence of NDM-7-Producing subs. ST138 in a Hospital from the Northern Region of Brazil.

Clinical emergent bacterial pathogens are a great threat to the global health system, chiefly Gram-negative carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and the species complex. Here, we present the molecular and phenotypic characterization of subs. IEC57090 strain, belonging to ST138 and showing a multidrug resistance phenotype.

1,3,5-Triazine: A Promising Molecular Scaffold for Novel Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Currently, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most frequent forms of dementia. From a molecular perspective, the molecular characteristics that better define this disease consist of abnormal protein deposits between neuronal cells, namely senile plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), consisting of protein aggregates of amyloid- and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, respectively. In addition to these protein aggregates, a third molecular hallmark of AD consists of depleted neurotransmitter acetylcholine levels.

Phytochemical Study and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Along with Antitumor Activity of the Isolated -Tiliroside and Luteolin 4'--β-Xyloside.

Twelve compounds (-), kaempferol (), luteolin (), luteolin 4'--xyloside (), luteolin 4'--β-glucoside (), quercetin 4'--β-xyloside (), kaempferol-3--[6″--(E)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-glucoside (-tiliroside) (), protocatechuic acid (), gallic acid (), methyl gallate (), ethyl gallate (), shikimic acid-3--gallate (), and 3,3',4'-tri--methyl-ellagic acid 4-sulfate (), were isolated and identified from the aerial parts of (Cav.) Pers (synonym: C. Presl.

Transvaginal Evisceration in a Patient With Rectovaginal Prolapse: A Twist in the Tale.

Transvaginal evisceration is a rare, potentially life-threatening condition involving herniation of intra-abdominal contents, typically the small bowel, through a defect in the vaginal wall. Most commonly observed in postmenopausal women with a history of pelvic surgery or trauma, it necessitates prompt surgical intervention. We report a unique case of transvaginal evisceration in a 67-year-old postmenopausal female with rectovaginal prolapse following minor trauma.

A metabologenomics approach reveals the unexplored biosynthetic potential of bacteria isolated from an Amazon Conservation Unit.

The Amazon, an important biodiversity hotspot, remains poorly explored in terms of its microbial diversity and biotechnological potential. The present study characterized the metabolic potential of Gram-positive strains of the Actinomycetes and Bacilli classes isolated from soil samples of an Amazon Conservation Unit. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene classified the strains ACT015, ACT016, and FIR094 within the genera , , and , respectively.

Herbacetin Inhibits Human Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphatase Among a Panel of Chromone Derivatives and Pyrazoles, Demonstrating Positive Effects on Insulin-Resistant HepG2 Cells.

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), excessive gluconeogenesis is considered a major contributor to hyperglycemia. Therefore, targeting fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), a key regulatory enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis, has gained interest as a potential therapeutic target for managing DM. In this study, a library of 42 structurally-related chromone derivatives (including flavonoids, 2-styrylchromones, and 2-(4-arylbuta-1,3-dien-1-yl)chromones, named as 2-styrylchromone-related derivatives), as well as 4- and 5-styrylpyrazoles, were tested against human FBPase using a noncellular microanalysis screening system.

Monoterpene Hydroxy Lactones Isolated from sp. Microalga and Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities.

Two monoterpenoid lactones, loliolide () and -loliolide (), were isolated from the crude dichloromethane extract of a microalga, sp.). The structures of loliolide () and -loliolide () were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analysis, as well as a comparison of their H or/and C NMR data with those reported in the literature.

Styrylchromones: Biological Activities and Structure-Activity Relationship.

Styrylchromones (SC) are a group of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which are characterized by the attachment of a styryl group to the chromone core. SC can be found in nature or can be chemically synthesized in the laboratory. As their presence in nature is scarce, the synthetic origin is the most common.