Increased Expression of Bacterial Cellulose Synthase Genes in Exposed to a Rotating Magnetic Field.

The objective of this study was to investigate the alterations in the expression of () genes in, dependent on the exposure duration and specific parameters of a rotating magnetic field (RMF). cells were subjected to an RMF at frequencies of 5 and 50 Hz for durations ranging from 12 to 72 h. Gene expression was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Active Polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) Films Loaded with Olive Leaf Extract for Food Packaging-Antibacterial Activity, Surface, Thermal and Mechanical Evaluation.

As the demand for sustainable and innovative solutions in food packaging continues to grow, this study endeavors to introduce a comprehensive exploration of novel active materials. Specifically, we focus on characterizing polylactide-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA/PEG) films filled with olive leaf extract (OLE; ) obtained via solvent evaporation. Examined properties include surface structure, thermal degradation and mechanical attributes, as well as antibacterial activity.

YourTuber matters: Screening for potato variety for the synthesis of bacterial cellulose in its tuber juice.

This study aimed to characterize potato varieties for producing potato juice media (PJM) that allow bacterial cellulose (BC) effective and cost-efficient production. The study used 12 edible and 10 starch potato varieties from an accredited company for breeding and seed production. In general, edible varieties produced a 73 % higher PJ yield.

Enhancement of Inhibition of the sp. Biofilm Formation on Bacterial Cellulose-Based Wound Dressing by the Combined Action of Alginate Lyase and Gentamicin.

Bacterial biofilms generally contribute to chronic infections, including wound infections. Due to the antibiotic resistance mechanisms protecting bacteria living in the biofilm, they are a serious problem in the wound healing process. To accelerate the wound healing process and avoid bacterial infection, it is necessary to select the appropriate dressing material.

Argon plasma-modified bacterial cellulose filters for protection against respiratory pathogens.

In this work, we present novel, sustainable filters based on bacterial cellulose (BC) functionalized with low-pressure argon plasma (LPP-Ar). The "green" production process involved BC biosynthesis by Komagataeibacter xylinus, followed by simple purification, homogenization, lyophilization, and finally LPP-Ar treatment. The obtained LPP-Ar-functionalized BC-based material (LPP-Ar-BC-bM) showed excellent antimicrobial and antiviral properties against both Gram-positive (S.

The effects of rotating magnetic field and antiseptic on in vitro pathogenic biofilm and its milieu.

The application of various magnetic fields for boosting the efficacy of different antimicrobial molecules or in the character of a self-reliant antimicrobial agent is considered a promising approach to eradicating bacterial biofilm-related infections. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenomenon of increased activity of octenidine dihydrochloride-based antiseptic (OCT) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in the presence of the rotating magnetic field (RMF) of two frequencies, 5 and 50 Hz, in the in vitro model consisting of stacked agar discs, placed in increasing distance from the source of the antiseptic solution. The biofilm-forming cells' viability and morphology as well as biofilm matrix structure and composition were analyzed.

Preparation of Inoculum for Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis Using Magnetically Assisted External-Loop Airlift Bioreactor.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the applicability of a novel magnetically assisted external-loop airlift bioreactor (EL-ALB), equipped with rotating magnetic field (RMF) generators for the preparation of inoculum during three-cycle repeated fed-batch cultures, further used for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. The fermentation carried out in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB allowed to obtain an inoculum of more than 200× higher cellular density compared to classical methods of inoculum preparation. The inoculum obtained in the RMF-assisted EL-ALB was characterized by a high and stable metabolic activity during repeated batch fermentation process.

Potato Juice, a Starch Industry Waste, as a Cost-Effective Medium for the Biosynthesis of Bacterial Cellulose.

In this work, we verified the possibility of valorizing a major waste product of the potato starch industry, potato tuber juice (PJ). We obtained a cost-effective, ecological-friendly microbiological medium that yielded bacterial cellulose (BC) with properties equivalent to those from conventional commercial Hestrin-Schramm medium. The BC yield from the PJ medium (>4 g/L) was comparable, despite the lack of any pre-treatment.

Investigation on Green Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using .

This paper describes the plant-mediated preparation of silver nanoparticles with aqueous extract and infusion of leaves. To evaluate aqueous extract and infusion antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content the DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteau methods were utilized. The antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of extract and infusion were equal to 85.

Boosting of Antibacterial Performance of Cellulose Based Paper Sheet via TiO Nanoparticles.

Here, we aimed to boost antibacterial performance of cellulose fibers for paper sheet application. Therefore, TiO nanoparticles have been used with controlled loading onto the surface of the fibers. A simple and facile composite preparation route based on ultrasound and mechanical assisted stirring has been developed.

Antibacterial Activity of ,-Acylated Chitosan Derivative.

The antibacterial activity of ,-acylated chitosan derivative with linoleic acid (CH_LA) was tested by disc and well diffusion, agar impregnation and microdilution methods against , and strains. Hydrophobically modified chitosan (HMC) was expected to exhibit enhanced antibacterial activity and specific mucin interactions. Although diffusion tests have not indicated the antibacterial potential of chitosan (CH) or CH_LA, the results of the microdilution method demonstrated that tested polymers significantly reduced the amount of living bacteria cells in different concentrations depending on the microorganism.

Superabsorbent crosslinked bacterial cellulose biomaterials for chronic wound dressings.

In this work, we present a novel ex situ modification of bacterial cellulose (BC) polymer, that significantly improves its ability to absorb water after drying. The method involves a single inexpensive and easy-to-perform process of BC crosslinking, using citric acid along with catalysts, such as disodium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or their mixtures. In particular, the mixture of disodium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate was the most promising, yielding significantly greater water capacity (over 5 times higher as compared to the unmodified BC) and slower water release (over 6 times as compared to the unmodified BC).

Significant enhancement of citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica immobilized in bacterial cellulose-based carrier.

The aim of this study was to improve the yield of citric acid (CA), an industrially valuable metabolite, obtained during Yarrowia lipolytica yeast culturing. To this end, Y. lipolytica cells were immobilized on a novel bacterial cellulose (BC) based carrier and subjected to four subsequent cycles of fed-batch culturing.

Application of bacterial cellulose experimental dressings saturated with gentamycin for management of bone biofilm in vitro and ex vivo.

Bacterial cellulose is one of the most promising polymers of recent years. Herein, we present a possibility of BC application as a carrier of gentamycin antibiotic for the treatment and prevention of bone infections. We have shown that BC saturated with gentamycin significantly reduces the level of biofilm-forming bone pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and displays very low cytotoxicity in vitro against osteoblast cell cultures.

Potential of Biocellulose Carrier Impregnated with Essential Oils to Fight Against Biofilms Formed on Hydroxyapatite.

In this research, bacterial cellulose (BC), one of the most promising biopolymers of the recent years, was saturated with thyme, eucalyptus and clove essential oils (EOs) and applied against staphylococcal and pseudomonal biofilms formed on hydroxyapatite (HA). BC dressings were thoroughly analyzed with regard to their physical properties. Moreover, the exact composition and ability of particular EO molecules to adhere to HA was assessed.

Immobilization pattern of morphologically different microorganisms on bacterial cellulose membranes.

The aim of this study was to assess the immobilization pattern of microorganisms characterized by varying cell shapes and sizes (rod-shaped bacteria Lactobacillus delbruecki, spherical-shaped yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and hyphae forms of Yarrowia lipolytica) on bacterial cellulose of various material properties. The 'adsorption-incubation' method was used for the purposes of immobilization. The immobilization pattern included adsorption efficiency, ability of the immobilized cells to multiply within the carrier expressed as incubation efficiency and the degree of release of the immobilized cells from the carrier.

Bacterial cellulose as a support for yeast immobilization - Correlation between carrier properties and process efficiency.

The aim of the current study was to analyze physicochemical properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus for various periods of time in stationary conditions with regard to its potential as a carrier for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica) immobilization, and subsequently to correlate the relationship between these properties and the efficiency of the immobilization process. Physicochemical properties of BC, depending on the time of its biosynthesis, were as follows: surface area 7.21-11.

Bacterial cellulose yield increased over 500% by supplementation of medium with vegetable oil.

Bacterial cellulose (BC), produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus, has numerous applications to medicine and industry. A major limitation of BC use is relatively low production rates and high culturing media costs. By supplementing culture media with 1% vegetable oil, we achieved BC yield exceeding 500% over the yield obtained in standard media.

Modification of Bacterial Cellulose with Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Based on Fatty Acids and Amino Acids and the Effect on Antimicrobial Activity.

In the present work, bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes have been modified with bioactive compounds based on long chain dimer of C18 linoleic acid, referred to as the dilinoleic acid (DLA) and tyrosine (Tyr), a natural amino acid capable of forming noncovalent cation-π interactions with positively charged ethylene diamine (EDA). This new compound, [EDA][DLA-Tyr], has been synthesized by simple coupling reaction, and its chemical structure was characterized by H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of a new compound against S.

A.D.A.M. test (Antibiofilm Dressing's Activity Measurement) - Simple method for evaluating anti-biofilm activity of drug-saturated dressings against wound pathogens.

In the present article, we propose a simple Antibiofilm Dressing's Activity Measurement (A.D.A.

Correlation between type of alkali rinsing, cytotoxicity of bio-nanocellulose and presence of metabolites within cellulose membranes.

The study aimed at evaluation of various types of alkali rinsing with regard to their efficacy in terms of removal, not only of bacteria but also bacterial metabolites, from cellulose matrices formed by three Komagataeibacter xylinus strains. Moreover, we tested the type of alkali rinsing on membrane cytotoxicity in vitro in fibroblast and osteoblast cells and we compared matrices' ability to induce oxidative stress in macrophages. We identified 11 metabolites of bacterial origin that remained in cellulose after rinsing.

Increased water content in bacterial cellulose synthesized under rotating magnetic fields.

The current study describes properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) obtained from Komagataeibacter xylinus cultures exposed to the rotating magnetic field (RMF) of 50 Hz frequency and magnetic induction of 34 mT for controlled time during 6 days of cultivation. The experiments were carried out in the customized RMF exposure system adapted for biological studies. The obtained BC displayed an altered micro-structure, degree of porosity, and water-related parameters in comparison to the non-treated, control BC samples.

Wet and Dry Forms of Bacterial Cellulose Synthetized by Different Strains of Gluconacetobacter xylinus as Carriers for Yeast Immobilization.

The present study aimed to explore and describe the properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes obtained from three different strains of Gluconacetobacter xylinus for 72, 120, and 168 h, used as a carrier support for the immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The experiments also included the analysis of glucose consumption and alcohol production during the fermentation process displayed by yeasts immobilized on the BC surface. The results of the present study demonstrate that the number of immobilized yeast cells is dependent on the type of cellulose-synthesizing strain, cellulose form, and duration of its synthesis.

Modification of bacterial cellulose through exposure to the rotating magnetic field.

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of rotating magnetic field (RMF) on production rate and quality parameters of bacterial cellulose synthetized by Glucanacetobacter xylinus. Bacterial cultures were exposed to RMF (frequency f=50Hz, magnetic induction B=34mT) for 72h at 28°C. The study revealed that cellulose obtained under RMF influence displayed higher water absorption, lower density and less interassociated microfibrils comparing to unexposed control.