Implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization treatment in people with type 2 diabetes: a comparison with age- and sex matched controls from the general population.

Background: Increased risk of severe tachyarrhythmias is reported in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to explore if treatment with cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) such as implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), cardiac resynchronization therapy- pacemaker and -defibrillator (CRT-P/CRT-D) differed in patients with vs. without T2DM.

Preoperative Electrophysiology in Patients With Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow-Prediction of Surgical Outcome and Influence of Age, Sex and Diabetes.

The impact of preoperative electrophysiology on outcome of surgical treatment in ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE) is not clarified. Our aim was to evaluate influence of preoperative electrophysiologic grading on outcome and analyse how age, sex, and in particular diabetes affect such grading. Electrophysiologic protocols for 406 UNE cases, surgically treated at two hand surgery units reporting to the Swedish National Quality Register for Hand Surgery (HAKIR; 2010-2016), were retrospectively assessed, and graded as normal, reduced conduction velocity, conduction block or axonal degeneration.

Real-world study of flash glucose monitoring among adults with type 2 diabetes within the Swedish National Diabetes Register.

Background: The Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) initiated registration of the FreeStyle Libre® system and other continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in June 2016. We investigated change in HbA1c for people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using FreeStyle Libre in Sweden.

Methods: We included adults with T2DM, registered in the NDR after January 1, 2014, and an index date for first use of FreeStyle Libre of June 2016 or later.

Association and Familial Coaggregation of Childhood-Onset Type 1 Diabetes With Depression, Anxiety, and Stress-Related Disorders: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: To estimate the association and familial coaggregation of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes with depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders.

Research Design And Methods: This was a population-based cohort study with use of data from Swedish nationwide registers. A total of ∼3.

Risk factors for nephropathy in persons with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study.

Aims: Albuminuria is strongly associated with risk of renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, clinical guidelines diverge, and evidence is sparse on what risk factor levels regarding blood pressure, blood lipids and BMI are needed to prevent albuminuria in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 9347 children and adults with type 1 diabetes [mean age 15.

Type 2 Diabetes, Glycemic Control, and Their Association With Dementia and Its Major Subtypes: Findings From the Swedish National Diabetes Register.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes has been associated with high dementia risk. However, the links to different dementia subtypes is unclear. We examined to what extent type 2 diabetes is associated with dementia subtypes and whether such associations differed by glycemic control.

HbA1c variability predicts cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes regardless of being at glycemic target.

Background: HbA1c variability has emerged as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in diabetes. However, the impact of HbA1c variability on cardiovascular diseases in subjects within the recommended HbA1c target has been relatively unexplored.

Methods: Using data from a large database, we studied 101,533 people with type 2 diabetes without cardiovascular diseases.

Diabetic hand: prevalence and incidence of diabetic hand problems using data from 1.1 million inhabitants in southern Sweden.

Introduction: 'The diabetic hand' has traditionally referred to hand complications due to diabetes mellitus (DM), including trigger finger (TF) and Dupuytren's disease (DD). Recent publications have also proposed DM as a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE), and possibly osteoarthritis (OA) of the first carpometacarpal (CMC-1) joint. This study aimed to explore prevalence and incidence of diabetic hand complications among the population in southern Sweden.

International comparison of glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes: an update and extension.

Aims: To update and extend a previous cross-sectional international comparison of glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Data were obtained for 520,392 children and adults with type 1 diabetes from 17 population and five clinic-based data sources in countries or regions between 2016 and 2020. Median HbA (IQR) and proportions of individuals with HbA < 58 mmol/mol (<7.

The comparative cardiovascular and renal effectiveness of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A Scandinavian cohort study.

Aim: To assess the comparative cardiovascular and renal effectiveness of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors versus glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in routine clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: A cohort study of nationwide registers from Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, including 87 525 new users of SGLT2 inhibitors and 63 921 new users of GLP-1 receptor agonists, was conducted using data from 2013-2018. Co-primary outcomes, analysed using an intention-to-treat exposure definition, were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death), heart failure (hospitalization or death because of heart failure), and serious renal events (renal replacement therapy, hospitalization for renal events, and death from renal causes).

Glycemic Control and Risk of Sepsis and Subsequent Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the nature of the relationship between HbA1c and sepsis among individuals with type 2 diabetes, and to assess the association between sepsis and all-cause mortality in such patients.

Research Design And Methods: We included 502,871 individuals with type 2 diabetes recorded in the Swedish National Diabetes Register and used multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline analyses to assess the association between time-updated HbA1c values and sepsis occurrence between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2015. The association between sepsis and death was examined using multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Renal Complications and Duration of Diabetes: An International Comparison in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes.

Introduction: Renal complications are both a marker of previous suboptimal glycaemic control and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of renal complications in persons with T1D in four geographical regions.

Methods: Nationwide registry data from Austria/Germany, Sweden and the US were used to estimate the prevalence of renal complications from January 2016 until September 2018.

Cost-Effectiveness of the FreeStyle Libre System Versus Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes on Insulin Treatment in Sweden.

Introduction: Frequent glucose monitoring is essential to obtain glucose control. This is done by periodic self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using finger-prick testing, or by using continuous glucose monitoring devices, wherein a sensor records interstitial glucose data automatically. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of using the FreeStyle Libre Flash Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (FSL) compared to SMBG in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with insulin from a Swedish societal perspective.

Estimated glucose disposal rate and risk of stroke and mortality in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.

Background And Aims: Insulin resistance contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is also a cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between insulin resistance measured by estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and risk of stroke and mortality thereof in people with T2D.

Materials And Methods: Nationwide population based observational cohort study that included all T2D patients from the Swedish national diabetes registry between 2004 and 2016 with full data on eGDR and categorised as following: < 4, 4-6, 6-8, and ≥ 8 mg/kg/min.

Changes in HbA1c Between 2011 and 2017 in Germany/Austria, Sweden, and the United States: A Lifespan Perspective.

This study assessed hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) across the lifespan in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Germany/Austria, Sweden, and the United States between 2011 and 2017 to ascertain temporal and age-related trends. Data from the Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation (DPV) ( = 25,651 in 2011,  = 29,442 in 2017); Swedish Pediatric Diabetes Quality Registry (SWEDIABKIDS)/National Diabetes Register (NDR), ( = 44,474 in 2011,  = 53,690 in 2017); and T1D Exchange ( = 16,198 in 2011,  = 17,087 in 2017) registries were analyzed by linear regression to compare mean HbA1c overall and by age group. Controlling for age, sex, and T1D duration, HbA1c increased in the United States between 2011 and 2017, decreased in Sweden, and did not change in Germany/Austria.

Risk factors and incidence over time for lower extremity amputations in people with type 1 diabetes: an observational cohort study of 46,088 patients from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry.

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this work was to study the incidence over time of lower extremity amputations and determine variables associated with increased risk of amputations in people with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Individuals with type 1 diabetes registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry with no previous amputation from 1 January 1998 and followed to 2 October 2019 were included. Time-updated Cox regression and gradient of risk per SD were used to evaluate the impact of risk factors on the incidence of amputation.

Variability in body weight and the risk of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes: results from the Swedish National Diabetes Register.

Background: There is a high incidence of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Weight variability has been reported as independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the general population and preliminarily also in people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Using data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register the possible link between visit-to-visit body weight variability and the risk of cardiovascular complications among people with type 2 diabetes and without prevalent cardiovascular diseases at baseline has been evaluated.

Cold Sensitivity in Ulnar Neuropathy at the Elbow - Relation to Symptoms and Disability, Influence of Diabetes and Impact on Surgical Outcome.

Cold sensitivity, an abnormal response to exposure to cold, is debilitating. It often affects people with nerve injuries and diabetes. Knowledge about the occurrence and prognostic impact of cold sensitivity in people with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) is limited.

Development of a life expectancy table for individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Tables reporting life expectancies by common risk factors are available for individuals with type 2 diabetes; however, there is currently no published equivalent for individuals with type 1 diabetes. We aimed to develop a life expectancy table using a recently published simulation model for individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: The simulation model was developed using data from a real-world population of patients with type 1 diabetes selected from the Swedish National Diabetes Register.

Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and Gender on Refill Adherence and Persistence to Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes.

Introduction: Lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, socioeconomic factors and gender may have an impact on the adherence to and non-persistence with LLT.

Methods: This was a nationwide register-based cohort study that included 6192 individuals with T1D aged ≥ 18 years who were registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register and had initiated novel use of LLT.

Use of incretin-based drugs and risk of cholangiocarcinoma: Scandinavian cohort study.

Aims/hypothesis: Concerns have been raised regarding a potential association of use of the incretin-based drugs dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-receptor agonists with risk of cholangiocarcinoma. We examined this association in nationwide data from three countries.

Methods: We used data from nationwide registers in Sweden, Denmark and Norway, 2007-2018, to conduct two cohort studies, one for DPP4 inhibitors and one for GLP-1-receptor agonists, to investigate the risk of incident cholangiocarcinoma compared with an active-comparator drug class (sulfonylureas).

Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Glycemic Control, and Diabetic Complications in Type 1 Diabetes: a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Context: Neurodevelopmental disorders are more prevalent in childhood-onset type 1 diabetes than in the general population, and the symptoms may limit the individual's ability for diabetes management.

Objective: This study investigated whether comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with long-term glycemic control and risk of diabetic complications.

Methods: This population-based cohort study used longitudinally collected data from Swedish registers.

Development and validation of a cardiovascular risk prediction model in type 1 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to report current rates of CVD in type 1 diabetes and to develop a CVD risk prediction tool for type 1 diabetes.

Methods: A cohort of 27,527 people with type 1 diabetes without prior CVD was derived from the national register in Scotland. Incident CVD events during 199,552 person-years of follow-up were ascertained using hospital admissions and death registers.