Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Over 3.7 Million Adults, Independent of Type 2 Diabetes Status.

Aims: To investigate the impact of Metabolic-Bariatric surgery (MBS) on pancreatic cancer (PCa) risk in individuals with obesity based on type 2 diabetes(T2D) status.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42022367749). The primary outcomes were the PCa incidence rates in participants with or without T2D who underwent MBS compared with the control (non-MBS) group.

Bariatric surgery, through beneficial effects on underlying mechanisms, improves cardiorenal and liver metabolic risk over an average of ten years of observation: A longitudinal and a case-control study.

Background: Bariatric surgery has long-term beneficial effects on body weight and metabolic status, but there is an apparent lack of comprehensive cardiometabolic, renal, liver, and metabolomic/lipidomic panels, whereas the underlying mechanisms driving the observed postoperative ameliorations are still poorly investigated. We aimed to study the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on metabolic profile, cardiorenal and liver outcomes in association with underlying postoperative gut hormone adaptations.

Methods: 28 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery [17 sleeve gastrectomy (SG), 11 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)] were followed up 3, 6 and 12 and at 10 years following surgery.

Early metabolomic, lipid and lipoprotein changes in response to medical and surgical therapeutic approaches to obesity.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and bariatric surgery have proven to be effective treatments for obesity and cardiometabolic conditions. We aimed to explore the early metabolomic changes in response to GLP-1RA (liraglutide) therapy vs. placebo and in comparison to bariatric surgery.

Circulating levels of five proglucagon-derived peptides in response to intravenous or oral glucose or lipids and to a mixed-meal in subjects with normal weight, overweight, and obesity.

Aims: Proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs) secreted by the gut and pancreas play a major role in metabolism. We measured concentrations of five PGDPs in response to per os (PO) or intravenous (IV) glucose or lipid intake and a mixed meal test (MMT) consumed by subjects with normal weight, overweight or obesity.

Materials And Methods: GLP-1, oxyntomodulin and glicentin (gut-secreted PGDPs) and glucagon and MPGF (pancreas-secreted PGDPs) were assessed in: (a) 32 subjects receiving PO or IV glucose, lipids or water over 6 h, (b) 33 subjects with normal weight, overweight or obesity who consumed a MMT.

PCSK9 and ANGPTL3 levels correlate with hyperlipidemia in HIV-lipoatrophy, are regulated by fasting and are not affected by leptin administered in physiologic or pharmacologic doses.

Background: Medications leveraging the leptin, PCSK9, ANGPTL3 and FABP4 pathways are being developed for the treatment of insulin resistance and/or lipid disorders. To evaluate whether these pathways are independent from each other, we assessed the levels of PCSK9, ANGPTL3 and FABP4, in normal subjects and subjects exhibiting HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) induced metabolic syndrome with lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemia. Studies were performed at baseline and during food deprivation for three days with either a placebo or leptin administration at physiological replacement doses to correct fasting induced acute hypoleptinemia and in pharmacological doses.

Novel Noninvasive Approaches to the Treatment of Obesity: From Pharmacotherapy to Gene Therapy.

Recent insights into the pathophysiologic underlying mechanisms of obesity have led to the discovery of several promising drug targets and novel therapeutic strategies to address the global obesity epidemic and its comorbidities. Current pharmacologic options for obesity management are largely limited in number and of modest efficacy/safety profile. Therefore, the need for safe and more efficacious new agents is urgent.

Neurohormonal Changes in the Gut-Brain Axis and Underlying Neuroendocrine Mechanisms following Bariatric Surgery.

Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that is a major public health issue worldwide. Currently approved anti-obesity medications and lifestyle interventions lack the efficacy and durability needed to combat obesity, especially in individuals with more severe forms or coexisting metabolic disorders, such as poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery is considered an effective therapeutic modality with sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits.

functions as a potential novel oncopromoter in colorectal cancer: a comprehensive analysis of the gene family.

Pre-B-cell leukaemia (PBX) is a transcription factor family ( and ) that regulates important cellular functions and has been identified to be involved in human cancers. This study aimed to explore the expression of genes and their clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC). We analysed the differential expression of genes in CRC vs.

Overexpression Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression and Is Associated with Worse Survival in Liver Resection Patients for Colorectal Liver Metastases.

As is known, HOXB9 is an important factor affecting disease progression and overall survival (OS) in cancer. However, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the role of HOXB9 in CRC progression and its association with OS in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).

Diagnostic Modalities of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Biochemical Biomarkers to Multi-Omics Non-Invasive Approaches.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing globally. NAFLD is a multifaceted disorder, and its spectrum includes steatosis to steatohepatitis, which may evolve to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. In addition, the presence of NAFLD is independently associated with a higher cardiometabolic risk and increased mortality rates.

Methods paper: Performance characteristics of novel assays for circulating levels of proglucagon-derived peptides and validation in a placebo controlled cross-over randomized clinical trial.

Background: The measurement of proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs) is a challenging task mainly due to major overlaps in their molecular sequence in addition to their low circulating levels. Here, we present the technical characteristics of novel ELISA assays measuring C-peptide and all six PGDPs including, for the first time, major proglucagon fragment (MPGF), and we validate them by performing a pilot in vivo cross-over randomized clinical trial on whether coffee consumption may affect levels of circulating PGDPs.

Methods: The performance and technical characteristics of novel ELISA assays from Ansh measuring GLP-1, GLP-2, oxyntomodulin, glicentin, glucagon, MPGF and C-peptide were first evaluated in vitro in procured samples from a commercial vendor as well as in deidentified human samples from three previously performed clinical studies.

The effect of dietary patterns on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease diagnosed by biopsy or magnetic resonance in adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Adhering to specific dietary patterns might hold promise as a lifestyle modification treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effect of dietary patterns on changes in hepatic fat content, liver enzymes and metabolic syndrome components. We searched Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science for randomised controlled trials published in English until April 2020, comparing a specific dietary pattern with no treatment, usual care, or a different diet in adults with NAFLD.

A Systematic Review on Genes as Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: An Emerging Role of .

Emerging evidence shows that Homeobox () genes are important in carcinogenesis, and their dysregulation has been linked with metastatic potential and poor prognosis. This review (PROSPERO-CRD42020190953) aims to systematically investigate the role of genes as biomarkers in CRC and the impact of their modulation on tumour growth and progression. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched for eligible studies exploring two research questions: (a) the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of HOX dysregulation in patients with CRC and (b) the functional role of genes in CRC progression.

Deep transfer learning and data augmentation improve glucose levels prediction in type 2 diabetes patients.

Accurate prediction of blood glucose variations in type 2 diabetes (T2D) will facilitate better glycemic control and decrease the occurrence of hypoglycemic episodes as well as the morbidity and mortality associated with T2D, hence increasing the quality of life of patients. Owing to the complexity of the blood glucose dynamics, it is difficult to design accurate predictive models in every circumstance, i.e.

Vitamin D Status Is Associated With In-Hospital Mortality and Mechanical Ventilation: A Cohort of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients.

Objective: To explore the possible associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in-hospital mortality and need for invasive mechanical ventilation.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective, observational, cohort study was conducted at 2 tertiary academic medical centers in Boston and New York. Eligible participants were hospitalized adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between February 1, 2020, and May 15, 2020.

Severe insulin resistance syndromes.

Severe insulin resistance syndromes are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by profound insulin resistance, substantial metabolic abnormalities, and a variety of clinical manifestations and complications. The etiology of these syndromes may be hereditary or acquired, due to defects in insulin potency and action, cellular responsiveness to insulin, and/or aberrations in adipose tissue function or development. Over the past decades, advances in medical technology, particularly in genomic technologies and genetic analyses, have provided insights into the underlying pathophysiological pathways and facilitated the more precise identification of several of these conditions.

Is Atorvastatin Associated with New Onset Diabetes or Deterioration of Glycemic Control? Systematic Review Using Data from 1.9 Million Patients.

Background: Current evidence indicates that statins increase the risk of new onset diabetes mellitus (NOD) and also deteriorate the glycemic control in patients with known diabetes mellitus (DM) after high-dose statin therapy.

Aims: The aim of this review was to explore the effect of atorvastatin in causing NOD or deteriorating glycemic control in patients with DM.

Methods: Two independent reviewers conducted the literature search, through PubMed database searching for articles published in English until April 2015, and only primary studies were included.

Association of matrix γ-carboxyglutamic acid protein levels with insulin resistance and Lp(a) in diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality is increased in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a background role of vascular calcification in the development of CVD also reported. Studies have demonstrated that high lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels accelerate the development of atherosclerolsis and are potentially involved in the vascular calcification. Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) seems to play an important role in vascular calcification.

A Palpable Painless Axillary Mass as the Clinical Manifestation of Castleman's Disease in a Patient with Hepatitis C Disease.

Introduction. Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. CD is divided into two clinical subtypes: the most common unicentric and the less usual multicentric subtype.