Cross-sectional epidemiological investigations of Giardia lamblia in children in Pakistan.

Background: The prevalence of Giardia lamblia in Pakistani children is currently unknown. The aim here was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of Giardia lamblia in children exhibiting diarrhea.

Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study at different district healthcare hospitals in Pakistan.

Accidental Ingestion Of Toothbrush: An Unusual Foreign Body.

Toothbrush is a rare foreign body to be ingested accidentally. The unusual shape of the toothbrush with no theoretical possibility of spontaneous passage mandates an interventional approach. If left untreated, it can lead to pressure necrosis, bleeding, perforation and ulceration.

Role Of Clamping Tube Thoracostomy Prior To Removal In Non-Cardiac Thoracic Trauma.

Background: The frequently encountered thoracic trauma in surgical emergencies is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Eighty percent of thoracic trauma can be managed by simple insertion of tube thoracostomy. Though guidelines for insertion are comprehensively explained in literature, an ideal algorithm for discontinuation is not available.