Comparative outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with and without lateral extra-articular tenodesis: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: Rotational instability, post-operative high-grade pivot shifts and graft re-rupture are areas of debate in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) techniques can control rotational laxity and reduce re-rupture by strengthening the anterolateral knee. Over-constraint and early-onset osteoarthritis are documented sequelae.

Surgical management of tibial eminence avulsion fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The ideal surgical management for tibial eminence avulsion fractures remains controversial with varying approach, methods of fixation and post-operative regimes reported throughout literature. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare between the different approaches, methods of fixation and post-operative regimes for tibial eminence fractures.

Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.

Patellar tilt, congruence angle, and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance are correlated with positive J-sign in adolescents.

Purpose: The J-sign is a clinical evaluation tool that assesses for patellar maltracking and is considered positive if lateral translation of the patella in extension, in the pattern of an inverted J is observed. This study aims to determine the association of clinical J-sign with imaging features noted on dynamic kinematic computed tomography (DKCT).

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted by reviewing the clinical records of all patients aged 18 years or younger who had a CT patellar tracking scan done between 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2016 in a single institution.

Combination of tibial tubercle transfer, medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, trochleoplasty and lateral release for patellofemoral instability provides good middle- to long-term outcomes in adolescents.

Purpose: There are limited studies that have reported the middle- to long-term outcomes of combined procedures consisting of more than two procedures for patellofemoral instability. The current study aims to investigate and report the middle- to long-term outcomes of a combination procedure of tibial tubercle transfer, medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, trochleoplasty and lateral release for patellofemoral instability in patients aged 18 years and below.

Methods: In the cohort study, all patients aged 18 years old or younger who underwent a combination procedure of tibial tubercle transfer, medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, trochleoplasty and lateral release for recurrent patellofemoral instability were included.

Risk factors for a false negative Ortolani and Barlow examination in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Introduction: Although universal screening by neonatal clinical examination with Ortolani and Barlow manoeuvres is widely adopted, its role as a sole screening tool is controversial due to its poor sensitivity and failure in identifying hip joints that eventually require surgical intervention.

Hypothesis: This study aims to identify risk factors for a false negative Ortolani and Barlow examination in neonatal screening for DDH. The hypothesis is that risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hips could similarly be risk factors for a false negative Ortolani and Barlow examination.

Both Medialization and Anteromedialization Tibial Tubercle Osteotomies are Effective Surgical Management for Skeletally Mature Patients with Patellofemoral Instability when Combined with Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction.

The study aimed to compare the midterm outcomes of medialization and anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomies when used in the management of recurrent patellofemoral instability. The hypothesis is that both techniques would result in significant improvement for patellofemoral instability, but anteromedialization would result in a lower incidence of early osteoarthritis. In the cohort study, all skeletally mature patients aged 18 years old or younger who underwent tibial tubercle osteotomy for recurrent patellofemoral instability within a 10-year period in a single institution were included.

Predictive Scoring for Recurrent Patellar Instability After a First-time Patellar Dislocation.

Purpose: Patellofemoral instability is a common acute knee injury seen in the pediatric population. First-time patellar dislocations usually undergo conservative management, but ~15% to 80% of patients experience recurrent instability. This study aims to develop a prediction model using radiographic parameters of the patellofemoral joint seen on computed tomography scans in different degrees of knee flexion, to determine the risk of recurrence after the first episode of patellofemoral instability.

Hip survivorship following the Bernese periacetabular osteotomy for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a popular joint-preservation technique aimed at addressing the structural and biomechanical abnormalities associated with acetabular dysplasia. However, the prognostic factors and long-term survivorship of the native hip, with failure defined as conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA), is poorly understood. Our study aims to address the following: (1) What is the estimated duration of survival of the native hip post-PAO, (2) What are some prognostic factors of functional outcome and (3) What is the complication rate and complications associated with PAO.

Interobserver Variability of Hip Dysplasia Indices on Sweep Ultrasound for Novices, Experts, and Artificial Intelligence.

Background: Ultrasound for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is challenging for nonexperts to perform and interpret. Recording "sweep" images allows more complete hip assessment, suitable for automation by artificial intelligence (AI), but reliability has not been established. We assessed agreement between readers of varying experience and a commercial AI algorithm, in DDH detection from infant hip ultrasound sweeps.

Periacetabular osteotomy for acetabular retroversion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The evidence for periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) when used in the management of acetabular retroversion remain limited. The review aims to answer the following questions: (1) What are the indications for an anteverting PAO for acetabular retroversion? (2) When are other concomitant procedures required when performing anteverting PAO for acetabular retroversion? (3) To what extent is an anteverting PAO able to correct acetabular retroversion? (4) What are the clinical outcomes for an anteverting PAO when used in acetabular retroversion? (5) What is the estimated survival for anteverting PAO when used in the treatment of acetabular retroversion, before other procedures need to be performed? (6) What are the complications and the complication rates when an anteverting PAO is performed? (7) How do the outcomes of an anteverting PAO compare to other surgical procedures used in the management of acetabular retroversion?

Material And Methods: The systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted using PubMed Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from inception through 1 May 2020.

Surgical Management of Missed Pediatric Monteggia Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To review surgical management and outcomes of missed pediatric Monteggia fractures.

Data Sources: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and the Cochrane Library from inception through March 2, 2020. The keywords were "Monteggia fracture," "missed Monteggia," "neglected Monteggia," "chronic Monteggia," and "chronic radial head dislocation.

Surgical Management of Patella Alta in Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Proximal, distal, and combined proximal and distal procedures have been performed for patellofemoral instability in the presence of patella alta. No consensus exists regarding the accepted surgical management for this condition.

Purpose: To pool the outcomes of surgical management for patellofemoral instability in the presence of patella alta and to determine whether the outcomes differ for different surgical techniques.

Surgical outcomes in paediatric lateral condyle non-union: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Non-union is a known and much-dreaded complication of paediatric lateral condyle fractures. This systematic review aims to pool together individual studies to find out if the timing of fixation and method of fixation impacts surgical outcomes (postoperative union and elbow ROM) in paediatric lateral condyle non-union.

Methods: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.

Accuracy of biplanar linear radiography versus conventional radiographs when used for lower limb and implant measurements.

Introduction: The current standard of care for measuring lower extremity length and angular discrepancies is using a full-length standing anteroposterior radiograph. However, there has been increasing interest to use biplanar linear EOS imaging as an alternative. This study aims to compare lower extremity length and implant measurements between biplanar linear and conventional radiographs.

The incidence and risk factors of osteoarthritis following osteochondritis dissecans of the knees: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The current systematic review and meta-analysis aim to pool together the incidence and risk factors of osteoarthritis following osteochondritis dissecans of the knee.

Methods: The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane Library with the keywords being "knee" and "osteochondritis dissecans" or "osteochondral lesion".

The outcomes of subtalar arthroereisis in pes planus: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Subtalar arthroereisis has been increasingly accepted as a solution to manage symptomatic pes planus. However, despite the recent developments related to arthroereisis, no other published literature has aimed to review the outcomes in paediatric patients since 2010. This systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, aims to evaluate the current outcomes of subtalar arthroereisis in the treatment of symptomatic pes planus among the paediatric population.

Meniscoplasty leads to good mid-term to long-term outcomes for children and adolescents with discoid lateral meniscus.

Purpose: To date, there have been limited studies reporting the mid- to long-term outcomes of meniscoplasties for discoid lateral meniscus. The current study aims to evaluate the mid- to long-term outcomes of arthroscopic meniscoplasty for discoid lateral meniscus in children and adolescents.

Methods: In the study, all patients under the age of 21 years who had undergone arthroscopic meniscoplasty with or without meniscal repair or partial meniscectomy for symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus were included.

The Outcomes of Isolated Lateral Release in Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There have been conflicting reports regarding the outcomes of lateral release when used in the management of patellofemoral instability. This systematic review and meta-analysis therefore aims to evaluate the outcomes of isolated lateral release in the management of patellofemoral instability. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

The earliest timing of ultrasound in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hips.

Purpose: The current study aimed to evaluate the results of ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH) done at various weeks of life, to determine the earliest time that ultrasound screening can be performed reliably.

Methods: In this 17-year cohort study, all neonates who underwent ultrasound screening prior to the 12th week of life with subsequent follow-up radiography done at 1 year of life were included. The ultrasound images were evaluated according to the Graf classification, Harcke's dynamic ultrasound screening method, and Terjesen's femoral head coverage method.

The Difference between Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurements of Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Distance for Patients with or without Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance was originally described for computed tomography (CT) but has recently been used on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without sufficient evidence demonstrating its validity on MRI. The current review aims to evaluate (1) whether there is a difference in the TT-TG distances measured using CT and MRI, (2) whether both the TT-TG distances measured using CT and MRI could be used to differentiate between patients with or without patellofemoral instability, and (3) whether the same threshold of 15 to 20 mm can be applied for both TT-TG distances measured using CT and MRI. The review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRSIMA) guidelines.

The Outcomes of Isolated Distal Realignment Procedures in Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Distal realignment procedures are now commonly performed routinely with proximal realignment procedures. Despite so, only a limited number of publications exist that have looked into the efficacy of isolated distal realignment procedures, and whether there is indeed a need for routine proximal realignment procedures to be added to the distal realignment procedures. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the outcomes of isolated distal realignment procedures in the management of patellofemoral instability.

The Outcomes of Distal Femoral Varus Osteotomy in Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Distal femoral varus osteotomies have been novelly described in the recent years to be successful in the management of patellofemoral instability with genu valgum. However, these publications are limited to case reports and small case series and no published literature have attempted to analyze them in totality. The current review aims to pool together these small case series to evaluate the outcomes and complications of distal varus femoral osteotomies when performed for patellofemoral instability.

The Difference between Cartilaginous and Bony Sulcus Angles for Patients with or without Patellofemoral Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The cartilaginous sulcus angle and bony sulcus angle have been widely used to evaluate trochlea dysplasia. The current review aims to evaluate (1) whether there is a difference in measurement for cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles, (2) whether both the cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles could be used to differentiate between patients with or without trochlear dysplasia, and (3) whether the same cut-off of 145 degrees, originally used for radiographs, can be applied for the cartilaginous and bony sulcus angles measured on CT and MRI. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRSIMA) guidelines.