Co-design of the Australian Prompt Response Network for a public-health focused intersectoral approach to information sharing on emerging drugs of concern.

The rapid emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and other emerging drugs of concern presents a significant global public health challenge, necessitating agile and interconnected drug information systems to identify and communicate risks. In Australia, responses have traditionally been localized, lacking a nationally coordinated system to rapidly share information about emerging drug threats. The National Center for Clinical Research on Emerging Drugs (NCCRED) collaborated with jurisdictional networks, clinicians, scientists, policy-makers, and peer organizations to co-design and co-produce the national Prompt Response Network ("PRN").

Equity reforms in policy: Introduction.

Discussing equity issues at structural levels, particularly within policy frameworks, has always been a dangerous endeavor, frequently met with resistance and censure from established power structures. However, recent global developments, most notably in America, have escalated the risks associated with such critical dialogues, making practitioners, advocates, and scholars increasingly vulnerable to severe repercussions. This special issue includes eight articles that focus on equity policy reform within the domains of housing, healthcare, economic policy, education, racial justice, and democratic governance in order to lay the foundation for enduring transformation and meaningful structural change.

Home Away from Home: Comparing Factors Impacting Migrants' and Italians Sense of Psychological Home.

Psychological home is an understudied concept within community psychology, especially focused on migrants. Previous literature on psychological home found a positive relationship with well-being and resilience in general populations and migrants. Studying psychological home in migrants may provide important tools to buffer various stresses associated with migration.

Establishing the protocols for the South Australian Emergency Department Admission Blood Psychoactive Testing (EDABPT) programme for drug surveillance.

Objective: ED presentations because of illicit use of psychotropic drugs and pharmaceuticals result in significant medical harm and resource consumption. Patient assessment is complicated by the regular emergence of new psychoactive substances, difficulties associated with their identification and a lack of information about their effects. Here we report the protocol for the Emergency Department Admission Blood Psychoactive Testing (EDABPT) programme, an observational study utilising clinical data capture and definitive drug identification to assess the medical impact and patterns of illicit drug use in the community, and their geographic and temporal fluctuations.

Nationwide randomised trial evaluating elective neck dissection for early stage oral cancer (SEND study) with meta-analysis and concurrent real-world cohort.

Background: Guidelines remain unclear over whether patients with early stage oral cancer without overt neck disease benefit from upfront elective neck dissection (END), particularly those with the smallest tumours.

Methods: We conducted a randomised trial of patients with stage T1/T2 N0 disease, who had their mouth tumour resected either with or without END. Data were also collected from a concurrent cohort of patients who had their preferred surgery.

A risk-based approach to cognitive bias in forensic science.

Over the past decade, the potential impact of cognitive bias in forensic science has instigated much discussion and debate between academics, scientists and those in the justice sector. Evidence of bias influencing subjective decision-making across a range of forensic disciplines has been described in the literature. Forensic service organisations are being urged to address cognitive bias in subjective decision-making by designing processes or procedures to limit access to (irrelevant) contextual information or reduce dependence on cognitive functions.

Sinus pericranii--"Don't judge a lump by its surface".

An interesting and unusual vascular malformation, sinus pericranii is presented. Originally referred as a cyst, a "community conundrum" was solved and treated successfully in the hospital setting. A discussion of sinus pericranii follows, and the teaching values of this particular case are highlighted.

Chemical analysis of four capsules containing the controlled substance analogues 4-methylmethcathinone, 2-fluoromethamphetamine, alpha-phthalimidopropiophenone and N-ethylcathinone.

In August 2007, four capsules containing white powders, said to have originated from an Israel-based Internet company "Neorganics", were anonymously delivered to the Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia. The capsules were analysed and the active components were identified including 4-methylmethcathinone, 2-fluoromethamphetamine, alpha-phthalimidopropiophenone and N-ethylcathinone, all of which were unlisted within South Australian controlled substance regulations. We examined the relevant scientific literature surrounding these chemicals and present both GCMS and NMR data for 4-methylmethcathinone and alpha-phthalimidopropiophenone, which have previously received little attention.

Non-traumatic nasal septal abscess in an immunocompetent patient.

Nasal septal abscess is an uncommon condition. Most commonly it is secondary to nasal trauma, which leads to haematoma, and subsequent abscess formation. There are other less common causes like sinusitis, dental infections and furunculosis.

Optimizing local anesthesia for grommet insertion: eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics versus Ametop: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare the effect of eutetic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) with Ametop in providing local anesthesia for grommet insertion.

Study Design: Double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Underground pill testing, down under.

At a recent South Australian rave, results reported to users from on-site pill-testing, using pill-testing kits, were compared with GCMS analysis of a scraping from the same pill. The presence of an ecstasy-like substance or methylamphetamine was correctly reported to users in 100% of pills that contained those substances. However only 11% of pills with combinations of illicit substances had both substances correctly identified.