Baseline glutamate-glutamine complex levels modulate antidepressant response to rTMS in major depressive disorder: Insights from magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), but its neurometabolic effects remain unknown. This study examined whether rTMS outcomes depend on baseline medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) glutamate-glutamine complex (Glx) levels and aimed to identify clinically translatable imaging biomarkers.

Methods: Seventy-six MDD patients and 44 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled.

Protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) regulates synaptic function and reversal learning in a mouse model for schizophrenia.

Protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) is important for synaptic plasticity through directing transport of glutamate receptors and other proteins. PICK1 gene variants have been associated with schizophrenia. To examine the role of PICK1 in schizophrenia-related behaviors, mice with a mutation in the PICK1 lipid-interacting BAR domain were characterized.

Evaluating the use of electroconvulsive therapy in low-middle income countries: A narrative review.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-accepted intervention for treatment-resistant, serious mental illnesses. Its acceptability, efficacy, and tolerability are well documented in high-income settings, but less so in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This report is a narrative review of ECT practice in the latter setting.

Differentiating transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical and auditory responses via single pulse and paired pulse protocols: A TMS-EEG study.

Objective: We measured the neurophysiological responses of both active and sham transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for both single pulse (SP) and paired pulse (PP; long interval cortical inhibition (LICI)) paradigms using TMS-EEG (electroencephalography).

Methods: Nineteen healthy subjects received active and sham (coil 90° tilted and touching the scalp) SP and PP TMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We measured excitability through SP TMS and inhibition (i.

Evidence for prefrontal cortex hypofunctioning in schizophrenia through somatosensory evoked potentials.

Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) exhibit a variety of symptoms related to altered processing of somatosensory information. Little is known, however, about the neural substrates underlying somatosensory impairments in SCZ. This study endeavored to evaluate somatosensory processing in patients with SCZ compared to healthy individuals by generating somatosensory evoked potentials through stimulation of the right median nerve.