Tofacitinib in Ocular Inflammation: Experience from a Tertiary Eye Centre in South India.

Purpose: To describe the clinical profile, efficacy, and safety profile of tofacitinib in non-infectious ocular inflammation from a tertiary eye centre in South India.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective study between 2020 and 2025.

Results: A total of 35 cases with various inflammatory ocular diseases treated with tofacitinib were included in the study.

The Intricate Dance of Infections and Autoimmunity: An Interesting Paradox.

Besides genetic susceptibility, infections due to viruses, bacteria and protozoa have been implicated in the development of autoimmune diseases (AD). AD can be triggered in a genetically susceptible individual by infections that disrupt immunological tolerance towards self-antigens. Pathogens can initiate autoimmunity by way of molecular mimicry, bystander activation, epitope spreading or persistent infection with polyclonal activation.

AI specialization for pathways of economic diversification.

The growth in AI is rapidly transforming the structure of economic production. However, very little is known about how within-AI specialization may relate to broad-based economic diversification. This paper provides a data-driven framework to integrate the interconnection between AI-based specialization with goods and services export specialization to help design future comparative advantage based on the inherent capabilities of nations.

Posterior segment involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus - A series from South India.

Purpose: To report the spectrum of posterior segment manifestations and visual outcomes in a large series of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: Retrospective study at a tertiary referral eye center in south India between 2016 and 2022.

Results: Charts of 109 patients diagnosed to have SLE were retrieved from our medical database.

Clinical Characteristics and Course of Patients with Juvenile Dermatomyositis - Case Series.

Background: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is one of the commonest forms of inflammatory myositis in childhood.

Objective: The objective study was to study the clinical characteristics and course of JDM patients.

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of the charts of 25 JDM patients admitted to two hospitals in Bangalore from March 2011 to July 2017.

Expression of miR-200c corresponds with increased reactive oxygen species and hypoxia markers after transient focal ischemia in mice.

Embolic stroke results in a necrotic core of cells destined to die, but also a peri-ischemic, watershed penumbral region of potentially salvageable brain tissue. Approaches to effectively differentiate between the ischemic and peri-ischemic zones is critical for novel therapeutic discovery to improve outcomes in survivors of stroke. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs regulating gene translation that have region- and cell-specific expression and responses to ischemia.

Life cycle energy-carbon-water footprints of sugar, ethanol and electricity from sugarcane.

Sugarcane is an important cash crop used for producing sweeteners and also some bioproducts (alcohol and bioenergy). The current study assesses life cycle energy, carbon and water footprint of sugarcane based sugar, ethanol and electricity in India. A farm to factory gate attributional life cycle assessment (LCA) is conducted to assess the energy and carbon footprints whereas the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CropWat model is used to estimate the water footprint (green, blue and grey).

Phospholipid analysis in whey protein products using hydrophilic interaction high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light-scattering detection in an industry setting.

The main objective of this work was to develop an analytical method that can be used in a dairy manufacturing facility for the quantitation of phospholipids in dairy products. Total lipids from a dairy matrix were obtained first by Folch extraction. The total lipid extract was then applied to a silica gel-based solid-phase extraction column, and triglycerides and other nonpolar lipids were separated from the phospholipids and sphingolipids.

Development and Testing of Reduced Versions of the Manual Muscle Test-8 in Juvenile Dermatomyositis.

Objective: To develop and test shortened versions of the Manual Muscle Test-8 (MMT-8) in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM).

Methods: Construction of reduced tools was based on a retrospective analysis of individual scores of MMT-8 muscle groups in 3 multinational datasets. The 4 and 6 most frequently impaired muscle groups were included in MMT-4 and MMT-6, respectively.

Clinical Profile in Genetically Proven Blau Syndrome: A Case Series from South India.

: To report the clinical profile of genetically proven Blau syndrome in seven cases from a single center in South India.: Retrospective case series: There were four females and three males. All cases had a history of skin and joint involvement of varying severity.

Intravenous tocilizumab in idiopathic pediatric uveitis with refractory cystoid macular edema - A case report.

A 13-year-old boy with a 4-year history of idiopathic pediatric uveitis and recurrent uveitic macular edema had failed conventional immunomodulatory therapy and presented to us with a vision of 6/24 [right eye (OD)] and 6/9 [left eye (OS)]. Fluorescein angiography showed diffuse vascular leakage along with cystoid macular edema (CME). Intravenous tocilizumab (10 mg/kg body) was given as 14 injections over 12 months.

Pre-treatment with microRNA-181a Antagomir Prevents Loss of Parvalbumin Expression and Preserves Novel Object Recognition Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can result in permanent impairment in memory and learning and may be a precursor to other neurological sequelae. Clinical treatments to ameliorate the effects of mTBI are lacking. Inhibition of microRNA-181a (miR-181a) is protective in several models of cerebral injury, but its role in mTBI has not been investigated.

Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis - A Case Series from India.

Background: Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare auto-inflammatory disease of the bone. It tends to be multifocal and usually the symptoms tend to run for months and years before diagnosis is usually made. The objective of our study was to understand the clinical presentation and short-term response to treatment of CRMO patients.

Elucidating sex differences in response to cerebral ischemia: immunoregulatory mechanisms and the role of microRNAs.

Cerebral ischemia remains a major cause of death and disability worldwide, yet therapeutic options remain limited. Differences in sex and age play an important role in the final outcome in response to cerebral ischemia in both experimental and clinical studies: males have a higher risk and worse outcome than females at younger ages and this trend reverses in older ages. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying sex dimorphism are complex and are still not well understood, studies suggest steroid hormones, sex chromosomes, differential cell death and immune pathways, and sex-specific microRNAs may contribute to the outcome following cerebral ischemia.

Iatrogenic subclavian arteriovenous fistula during permanent pacemaker implantation: Closed by endovascular coiling.

Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula is a unique complication during pacemaker implantation. A 55-year-old man was posted for pacemaker implantation for recurrent unexplained syncope with trifascicular AV block. After axillary/subclavian venous puncture and introduction of RV lead, arterial spurting was immediately noticed as the the sheath was peeled away.