Irisin Modulates IFNT Signaling in Bovine Luteal Cells.

Adipokines, bioactive proteins derived from adipose tissue, serve as intermediaries between energy status and reproduction, playing pivotal roles in ovarian physiology. Among them, members of the Fibronectin Type III domain-containing the (FNDC) family, including FNDC4 and FNDC5 (the precursor of irisin), have emerged as key modulators of fertility. This study investigated the expression of FNDC4, FNDC5, and their receptors (ITGB1, ITGAV, ADGRF5) across different stages of bovine CL lifespan and evaluated irisin's effects on interferon tau (IFNT)-mediated signaling in bovine luteal cells.

Methylphenidate triggers retinal oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction under physiological conditions but has beneficial effects in inflammatory settings.

Methylphenidate (MPH) is widely used as the first-line pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, its misuse as a cognitive enhancer has been increasing worldwide. Despite the scientific advances in understanding the effects of MPH on the brain, its impact on the retina, which shares the same embryonic origin with the brain, remains poorly understood.

"A 10-years follow-up of Photodynamic Therapy for nodular basal cell carcinoma: a randomized comparing the effectiveness of Aminolevulinic acid-PDT, Methyl aminolevulinate-PDT, and surgery".

Background: Topical Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a well-studied and effective treatment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and pre-malignant lesions. Developing a cheaper approach to this treatment involves local production of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and methyl aminolevulinate (MAL). Furthermore, a prospective study to verify its clinical effectiveness and advantages was required.

Distinct behavioural and neurovascular signatures induced by acute and chronic stress in rats.

Stress is a contributing factor for several mood disorders, including depression and anxiety which are associated with significant changes in behavioural and cellular domains. Additionally, sex differences in the prevalence of these neuropsychiatric disorders are well established. Emerging evidence suggests that stress is linked to cerebrovascular diseases and that blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction contributes to the development and exacerbation of neuropathology and neuroinflammation.

[Costs and Consequences of Chronic Kidney Disease in People with Diabetes in Portugal: A Modelling Study].

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is the fastest-growing chronic disease in terms of prevalence and one of the biggest causes of global mortality according to the Global Burden of Disease Collaboration. This study aimed to project the natural disease progression of this disease in people with diabetes, and to quantify the costs and consequences in the Portuguese context. This was achieved by developing an analytical model reflecting the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease and integrating the various stages of disease progression.

Curcumin Microcapsule Formulations for Prolong Persistence in the Photodynamic Inactivation of Larvae.

Viral diseases including dengue, zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever remain a significant public health challenge, primarily due to the increasing resistance of these vectors, the mosquito, to conventional control methods. Herein, a microencapsulated curcumin formulation was developed and characterized using spray-drying technology, with D-mannitol and starch as encapsulating agents. After microencapsulation, photolarvicidal tablet formulations (Formulated Curcumin Tablets-FCT) were prepared, varying the proportions of starch and pectin: FCT1 (60% starch), FCT2 (35% pectin and 25% starch), and FCT3 (42.

Neurological Recovery in 14 Cats With Epidural Lymphoma Treated With Chemotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate and timing of neurological recovery in cats with epidural lymphoma who were treated with chemotherapy. The study included cats with various degrees of neurological impairment, confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma and spinal cord involvement. At the start of treatment, of the 14 cats diagnosed with lymphoma, 14.

Evaluation of the potential toxicity of effluents from the jeans manufacturing industry before and after treatment.

Wastewater from the textile industry is an emerging contaminant and is toxic to aquatic organisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Lethal Concentration (LC50) of raw textile effluent (RTE) on Artemia salina and Rhamdia quelen fish (larvae and juveniles), as well as treated textile effluent (TTE)³ on A. salina, and its effects on R.

Gla-Rich Protein Is Associated with Vascular Calcification, Inflammation, and Mineral Markers in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

: Vascular calcification (VC) is a crucial risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), particularly in chronic kidney disease (CKD) populations. However, the specific relationship between VC and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains to be fully understood. The identification of new biomarkers to improve VC diagnosis and monitoring would significantly impact cardiovascular risk management in these high-risk patients.

Adult Onset Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Case Report.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that can mimic other neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis. ADEM is thought to manifest in the presence of environmental triggers, namely viral or bacterial infections, with multiple simultaneous neurological deficits, frequently accompanied by encephalopathy. Here, we report the case of a 49-year-old female patient who presented in the emergency department with encephalopathy, right-side muscle weakness, dizziness, vertigo, ataxia, and postural imbalance, preceded by symptoms suggesting recent pharyngitis/sialadenitis three weeks prior.

A Case of Multifocal Primary Pyomyositis Complicated With Toxic Shock Syndrome in a Non-tropical Region.

Primary pyomyositis, also known as tropical pyomyositis, is a primary bacterial infection of skeletal muscle following hematogenous infections. It is primarily caused by  or Group A  and predominantly affects children and young adults. Although rarely observed in temperate climates, its prevalence appears to be increasing.

Neurovascular dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.

Background: Neurovascular interfaces, specifically the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-retinal barrier (BRB), play pivotal roles in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). For a long time, these structures were seen only as a way of protection, but we currently know that they have a critical role in CNS (dys)function. Several studies have identified neurovascular alterations in early stages of brain and eye diseases, contributing to the pathophysiology of such conditions.

ENPP1 induces blood-brain barrier dysfunction and promotes brain metastasis formation in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.

Background: Brain metastasis (BrM) is a devastating end-stage neurological complication that occurs in up to 50% of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) patients. Understanding how disseminating tumor cells manage to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is essential for developing effective preventive strategies. We identified the ecto-nucleotidase ENPP1 (ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1) as specifically enriched in the secretome of HER2+ brain metastatic cells, prompting us to explore its impact on BBB dysfunction and BrM formation.

Nonpharmacological Interventions for Treating Breastfeeding Nipple Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonpharmacological topical interventions for treating breastfeeding nipple pain. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing lactating women suffering from breastfeeding painful nipples were included. Primary outcomes were pain, healing process, and adverse events.

Mitigation of False Layer Syndrome Through Maternal Antibodies Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus.

The relationship between passive immunity and the development of false layer syndrome (FLS) and its associated lesions was investigated in this study by comparing the long-term reproductive effects of an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) DMV/1639 wild-type strain and the GA08 vaccine in birds with and without maternal antibodies. There was a clear protective effect provided by maternal antibodies against both the early vaccination and challenge. It was also observed that vaccination at an early age, in the absence of maternal antibodies, can induce reproductive issues, such as reduced egg production and FLS-associated lesions (e.

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) induces changes in IFN-pathway and Interferon-Stimulated Genes (ISGs) on the bovine endometrium at Day 18 of pregnancy.

We hypothesized that the hCG modulates the expression of IFNT-pathway and ISGs in bovine endometrium during early pregnancy. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of hCG on IFNT-pathway signals and ISGs expression in endometrial cells. For this, 29 non-lactating cross-bread cows were used in the study and submitted to a 9-day fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol.

Meta-analytical review of antioxidant mechanisms responses in animals exposed to herbicide 2,4-D herbicide.

The 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a low-cost herbicide to eradicate broadleaf weeds. Since the development of 2,4-D resistant transgenic crops, it has been described as one of the most widely distributed pollutants in the world, increasing concern about its environmental impacts. This study aimed to elucidate the antioxidant system response in animals exposed to 2,4-D by different routes of exposure.

Enrichment of medium-quality colostrum by adding colostrum replacer, combined or not with transition milk in the feeding of dairy calves.

Fifty Holstein calves were allocated in randomized blocks and distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement; (A) two sources of Ig: (1) Control: bovine colostrum (25% Brix); (2) Enriched colostrum: mid-quality bovine colostrum (20% Brix) enriched with colostrum replacer to 25% Brix; and (B) two transition feeding diets: (1) Whole milk (WM): supply of 4 L/day of whole milk for 3 days after the colostrum feeding; and (2) Formulated transition milk (FTM): supply 4 L/day of whole milk enriched with 70 g/L of colostrum replacer for 3 days after the colostrum feeding. Blood samples were collected at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h of age to determine total serum protein (TSP), glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), erythrocyte and leukocyte concentrations. IgG was measured at 48 h.

Peritoneal Protein Loss With Time in Peritoneal Dialysis.

Longitudinal evolution of peritoneal protein loss (PPL), a reflection of hydrostatic pressure-driven leak of plasma proteins through the large-pore pathway, is not clear. Time on PD causes loss of mesothelial cells, vasculopathy, and increased thickness of the submesothelial fibrous layer. Are these structural changes associated with progressive increase of PPL, in a parallel with the rise in the D/P creatinine? The aim of the present study was to identify longitudinal changes of PPL over time.

Are sarcopenia, frailty and malnutrition prognostic markers of liver disease decompensation in the ambulatory setting? - A prospective cohort study.

Background: sarcopenia, frailty and malnutrition are associated with adverse outcomes in liver cirrhosis. Studies assessing the prognostic value of these conditions in ambulatory patients with cirrhosis are scarce.

Methods: a prospective cohort study was performed, with consecutive inclusion of all patients with cirrhosis observed in the Hepatology outpatient clinic of a Portuguese tertiary center.

Dermatological evaluation in dogs with atopic dermatitis treated with full-spectrum high cannabidiol oil: a pre study part 1.

Introduction: Dermatological consultations represent a great part of the small animal medical clinic routine. Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common skin disease that affects a significant amount of dogs, making it a relevant consideration in clinical practice. The role of the endocannabinoid system on skin homeostasis has been described and its deregulation contributes to dermatopathies.