National trends in laryngectomy and the influence of hospital volume on short-term outcomes in Brazil: A 16-year cross-sectional analysis.

Objective: Analyze the trends and outcomes of total laryngectomy in Brazil, focusing on the influence of surgical volume on mortality.

Methods: A retrospective, population-based study was conducted using data from the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) between 2008 and 2023. Total laryngectomies were identified through specific procedure codes, and hospitals were categorized into quartiles based on surgical volume.

Novel aryloxy-hydrazone-thiazoles: Design, synthesis, ADMET prediction and antifungal activity against Sporothrix spp.

Sporotrichosis is an emerging fungal infection caused by species of the genus Sporothrix. Itraconazole is the first-line treatment for cutaneous sporotrichosis; however, there is a growing number of strains resistant to this drug. Recently, acylhydrazone derivatives have demonstrated activity against itraconazole-resistant sporotrichosis cases, and thiazole derivatives have emerged as promising antifungal agents.

Effectiveness of an educational asthma management program (CuidAR): the protocol for a cluster-randomized trial in the Brazilian primary healthcare setting.

Background: Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic pulmonary diseases, affecting approximately 20 million Brazilian people. Most patients with asthma in Brazil present with uncontrolled disease, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, an effective educational intervention focused on asthma management in primary health care (PHC) is expected to reduce hospitalization rates, emergency visits, and direct public health costs, improving the quality of life of patients.

Management of Anticoagulation in Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Concurrent Thrombosis and Hemorrhage.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by arterial, venous, or small-vessel thromboembolic events and/or pregnancy morbidity in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. APS can occur in the setting of an underlying systemic autoimmune disease, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect virtually any organ of the body due to the production of antinuclear antibodies.

Dry-Cured Bísaro Ham: Differences in Physicochemical Characteristics, Fatty Acid Profile and Volatile Compounds Between Muscles.

The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in the physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid profiles and volatile compounds of different muscle types ( (SM), (BF) and (ST)) used to produce dry-cured Bísaro ham. Sixteen dry-cured hams were used. The physicochemical parameters were significantly affected by the muscle type, with the differences being mainly related to the different drying degrees and the intramuscular fat and collagen contents of the fresh muscles.

Association of thyroid function within the normal range with glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 diabetes.

Background: Thyroid hormone (TH) variations, even within the normal range, influence cardiometabolic health. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), optimizing glycemic control and cardiovascular risk is crucial to prevent complications. We aim to explore the association of TH within normal range with cardiometabolic profile in T1D.

Prevalence of autoimmune comorbidities and association with glycemic control by CGM-derived parameters in type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of additional autoimmunity in adults with T1D and its association with glycemic control, chronic complications, and other comorbidities.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in adult patients with T1D, followed at the Endocrinology Department of a tertiary hospital, between May 2022 and May 2024.

Hope-Promoting Communication With Pediatric Patients With Chronic Diseases and Their Families: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: The way communication is conducted directly influences the professional-patient relationship, how patients cope with their diagnosis, and their sense of hope throughout treatment. This study aims to map the literature on strategies that healthcare professionals can use to promote hope in communication with pediatric patients and their families in the context of chronic illness. Based on this objective, the study highlights an algorithm to assist healthcare professionals in instilling hope in this population through communication.

Alpha-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson's disease.

Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation is closely linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, where misfolded monomers form toxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils, which accumulate as Lewy bodies. Several factors, such as genetic mutations, interactions with lipids and proteins such as p62 and ubiquitin, as well as, environmental conditions, e. g.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 as a diagnostic marker of progressive central precocious puberty: a prospective study.

Unlabelled: Central precocious puberty (CPP) diagnosis often requires invasive GnRH stimulation tests. Our purpose was to determine whether the IGF-1 and IGF-1 SDSs are reliable predictors of progressive CPP. This was a prospective study including 82 girls under 8 years of age.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in early oral cavity tumors: Evaluation of the oncologic efficacy compared to elective neck dissection.

Objective: To describe the oncological results of a prospective study in the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy as part of the surgical treatment of squamous cell carcinoma T1/T2N0 of the oral cavity in comparison to the results of patients submitted to levels I, II and III SND.

Methods: It was a prospective study in which seventy patients were divided into two groups, 35 being submitted to SND and the other 35 to SLB.

Results: In the SND group, locoregional recurrence occurred in 17.

Increased survival reveals new paradigms in diabetic macular edema among patients with type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: Treatment and monitoring developments markedly improved the survival rate of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Nevertheless, literature remains scarce on long-term incidence of diabetic macular edema (DME) in this population, with the major study existing in the field - Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) - reporting its development at 30 years of disease. We aimed to estimate the long-term risk of DME and associated factors in a representative sample of type 1 diabetic patients.

Effects of Florivory on the Anatomy, Histochemistry and Resource Production of Flowers of Senna aversiflora (Herb.) H.S. Irwin and Barneby.

Florivory directly affects floral structures, especially petals and anthers. The physical damage to these whorls can alter the characteristics of the flowers, compromise their functions, and consequently impact fertility and reduce the reproductive success of the species. We provide the floral anatomical description of Senna aversiflora (Herb.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists and Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors: Agent Comparison With Implications for Clinical Practice and Trial Design.

Steroidal (s) and nonsteroidal (ns) mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) and aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASis) are either available for clinical use or are being tested in clinical trials in cardiovascular, kidney and metabolic (CKM) conditions. All agents block the actions of aldosterone, but they present important differences in terms of modes of action, pharmacokinetics and dynamics and side-effect profiles. Such differences may have clinical implications.

Ontogenic, Immunological, and Behavioral Changes of Crack Cocaine Exposure During the Gestational Period.

Crack cocaine has a high addictive power that stimulates the central nervous system (CNS), and its high consumption by women of reproductive age has generated many challenges for public health. Crack cocaine use by pregnant women has been correlated with CNS malformations, cell damage, and changes in the immune system. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of gestational exposure to crack cocaine in pregnant rats on ectoplacental cone cells, immune organs, maternal behavior, anxiety-like phenotype, metabolites, and sensorimotor reflex development of offspring.

Exploring therapeutic strategies based on chaperon-mediated disaggregation.

In the quest to develop effective therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with protein misfolding and aggregation, molecular chaperones have emerged as pivotal players. This chapter explores the role of chaperones, such as Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90, in mediating the disaggregation of misfolded proteins and facilitating proper folding under stress conditions. Despite their lack of sequence specificity, these proteins adeptly recognize exposed hydrophobic regions in partially folded states, thereby preventing aggregation and promoting functional conformations.

Blood pressure response to mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists or aldosterone synthase inhibitors according to baseline renin levels.

Plasma renin is a surrogate marker of sodium retention in hypertension, and its levels are suppressed in conditions of heightened aldosterone production. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials focusing on the impact of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) and aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASi) on blood pressure according to baseline renin levels. We included four randomized clinical trials, and we found that the response to MRA or ASi was independent of baseline plasma renin levels.

Vitamin E Attenuating Effects Against the Impact of the Herbicide Atrazine on the Diaphragm Muscle of Male Wistar Rats.

Atrazine is an herbicide associated with respiratory disorders and the presence of oxidative stress, which can be reversed by association with antioxidant compounds, such as vitamin E. This study aimed to investigate the impact of atrazine (AZ) on the male rat diaphragm muscle and the attenuating effects of vitamin E. Fifty-two male rats were received for 28 days by gavage ( = 13/group): C (control), corn oil; AZ (100 mg/kg); AZE, AZ (100 mg/kg) and vitamin E (200 mg/kg); E, vitamin E (200 mg/kg).

Effect of melatonin implants on carcass characteristics and meat quality of slow-growing chickens.

This study evaluated the effect of melatonin implants on carcass characteristics and meat quality of slow-growing broilers slaughtered at 43 and 97 days (d) of age. A total of 128 one day-old male broilers (Coloryeld) were randomly divided into two groups, which in turn were divided into 8 groups (replicates) of 8 broilers each one. One group (64 animals) was the control group (C) and the other received a melatonin implant (18 mg melatonin per animal) at 8 d of age (M).

Evaluation of the hepatic and subcutaneous adipose tissue effects of triiodothyronine treatment in an animal model of metabolic syndrome.

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a metabolic liver disease and thyroid hormones (TH) may decrease liver fat and extra-hepatic fat content. We aimed to evaluate the effects of high and low dose triiodothyronine (T3) in liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue (sAT) in an animal model of Metabolic Syndrome (MS).

Methods And Results: Four groups were evaluated: 1) ZSF1 Lean (Lean-Ctrl, n = 8); 2) ZSF1 obese (rat model of MS with MASLD, MetS, n = 13); 3) ZSF1 obese supplemented with high-dose of T3 (MetS-hT3, n = 5); and 4) ZSF1 obese supplemented with a low-dose of T3 (MetS-lT3, n = 8).

Exposure to a contaminated environment and its relationship with human health: Mercury effect on loss of functionality and increased oxidative stress of blood cells.

Recent findings indicate elevated levels of total Hg in the waters of the Lagoa Mundaú-Manguaba Estuarine Complex (CELMM, Maceió-AL, Brazil) and the biological fluids of fishermen that live near CELMM. This study assessed Hg levels in whole blood and the functionality, structure, morphology, and oxidative stress of blood cells from fishermen (n = 60) compared with control volunteers (n = 65). A systematic assessment was performed, and our results revealed increased Hg concentration in fishermen's blood.