Draft Genome Sequence of Strain CIIMS-PH-1, a Serovar 4b Isolate from Infant Septicemia.

We report here the draft genome sequence of CIIMS-PH-1, an isolate obtained from a 16-day-old infant with septicemia. The draft genome of CIIMS-PH-1 consisted of 2,939,183 bp and is a member of sequence type 308, clonal complex 1, and lineage I.

Prevalence of zoonotic tuberculosis and associated risk factors in Central Indian populations.

In the present study, we aimed to estimate the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) and examine the determinants of distribution of the disease in three high-risk populations of Central India. A prospective cohort study was conducted in Central India between March 2014 and June 2015. Based on the requisite inclusion criteria, we recruited a total of 301 participants whose blood samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction-based detection and differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Modelling of cerebral tuberculosis in BALB/c mice using clinical strain from patients with CNS tuberculosis infection.

Background & Objectives: Central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is the most severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) due to a high level of mortality and morbidity. Limited studies are available on CNS-TB animal model development. The present study describes the development of a murine model of CNS-TB using a clinical strain (C3) isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of CNS-TB patients.

Seroprevalence and clinical manifestations of chikungunya virus infection in rural areas of Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India.

Background & Objectives: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has recently witnessed re-emergence, affecting rural areas of India with high morbidity rates. This prospective study was conducted to evaluate seroprevalence and clinical manifestation in targeted villages reporting cases of CHIKV infection.

Methods: A total of 482 patients were recruited from Kalmana and Kothari villages of Ballarpur; Chandrapur district of Maharashtra state, India during CHIKV outbreaks in 2011-12.

Incidence and Clinical Outcome of Patients with Hypertensive Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Update from Tertiary Care Center of Central India.

Introduction: We evaluated the incidence and clinical outcome of patients with hypertensive acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to a tertiary care center in Central India. In addition, we examined the status of stroke biomarkers namely neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glial specific protein (S-100ββ), and inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4(ITIH4) in the serum of patients suffering from AIS with hypertension (HTN) and without HTN.

Methods: A total of 104 patients with AIS were enrolled for the study.

Prediction of Outcome in Diabetic Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Hospital-Based Pilot Study Report.

Background: Demographic and clinical characteristics are known to influence the outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

Purpose: This study is aimed at evaluating short- and long-term outcomes in diabetic AIS patients. In addition, the study also evaluates the impact of diabetes on the performance of indigenously reported biomarker, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) and known biomarkers, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial-derived S-100 beta beta protein (S-100ββ).

Impact of socioeconomic status and living condition on latent tuberculosis diagnosis among the tribal population of Melghat: A cohort study.

Aims: To study socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions (LC) as risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and their impact on QuantiFERON-TB gold (QFT-G) and tuberculin skin test (TST) outcome for determining a better diagnostic test for LTBI in the malnourished tribal population of Melghat.

Settings And Design: Six hundred sixty nine participants matching the inclusion criteria were recruited from 10 tribal villages of Melghat region, India.

Subjects And Methods: Complete information related to various risk factors and test outcome was obtained on 398 participants, which was analyzed as per predefined conceptual framework.

Effect of Fagonia arabica on thrombin induced release of t-PA and complex of PAI-1 tPA in cultured HUVE cells.

Fagonia arabica (FA) possesses a thrombolytic property which has been earlier reported in our laboratory. Current study was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of FA on thrombin-induced tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) release from cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVE) for studying its clot lytic activity. For this, establishment of cell line model has been done by isolating the cells from human umbilical cord.

Impact of Admission Time on Treatment and Outcome of Stroke in Patients Admitted to Tertiary Care Hospital: A Pilot Study from Central India.

Introduction: Admission of patients within window period has been linked with efficacy of treatment outcome and recovery. The present study examined the effects of early vs delayed admission on functional outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) as well as added value of stroke markers in such patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Central India.

Materials And Methods: Hundred and four patients admitted to Neurology department of Central India Institute of Medical Sciences were grouped as early referrals (within 24 hour admission) and late referrals (after 24 hour admission) based on onset of symptoms and time of admission.

Comparative evaluation of risk factors, outcome and biomarker levels in young and old acute ischemic stroke patients.

Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide accounting for 400-800 strokes per 100,000 individuals each year.

Purpose: In the present study, we compared risk factors, clinical outcome, and prognostic biomarkers NSE, S-100 ßß and ITIH4 levels in young and old acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

Methods: We compared the risk factors and clinical outcomes in young (n = 38) and old (n = 66) AIS patients admitted to tertiary health care centre in Central India.

Latent TB infection diagnosis in population exposed to TB subjects in close and poor ventilated high TB endemic zone in India.

Background: The present study was designed to investigate the utility of Quantiferon TB gold (QFT-G) and Tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI) in high crowding TB endemic zone of Nagpur, India and their comparison with associated risk factors.

Methods: Out of 342 eligible participants, QFT-G and TST were performed in 162 participants.

Results: The prevalence of LTBI observed according to QFT-G and TST was 48% and 42% respectively, with an agreement of 52.

Mycobacterial dormancy regulon protein Rv2623 as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of latent and active tuberculous meningitis.

The present study was designed to investigate Rv2623 antigen, a major dormancy regulon protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in CSF of suspected latent and active tuberculous meningitis (TBM) patients. A total of 100 CSF samples from TBM (n = 31), suspected latent TBM (n = 22), and suitable noninfectious control subjects (n = 47) were collected and evaluated for Rv2623 antigen level using ELISA protocol. A significantly high (P < 0.

Laboratory investigations on the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the malnourished tribal population of melghat, India.

Background: Malnutrition is a major risk factor for the development of tuberculosis (TB). In India, Melghat is among the tribal regions which consist of highest number of malnutrition cases. Because of the paucity of TB data from these malnourished areas there is an urgent need for the development and evaluation of improved TB diagnostic tests.

Time course of inflammatory cytokines in acute ischemic stroke patients and their relation to inter-alfa trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 and outcome.

Background: Biomarker for prognosis of stroke is urgently needed for the management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

Objective: To evaluate the course of inflammatory cytokines in AIS patients and its comparison with inter-alfa trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) and outcome after AIS.

Materials And Methods: A panel of 12 inflammatory cytokines and ITIH4 were estimated in serial blood samples collected at admission, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 144 h and at discharge of AIS patients (n = 5).

Diagnosis of tuberculosis infection based on synthetic peptides from Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 85 complex.

Aim: The laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is particularly challenging. The aim of the present work is to develop an immunoassay for the diagnosis of TB infection, using synthetic peptides of antigen (Ag) 85 complex of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv.

Evaluation of routinely performed hematological and biochemical parameters for the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients.

We have investigated serial changes in routine hematological and biochemical analysis in the follow-up samples collected from acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients (n = 17) at admission (0 h) and 24, 48, 72 and 144 h after admission, respectively, to determine their prognostic significance. Blood samples from age and sex matched healthy control subjects (n = 12) were also collected. We observed significant changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC), polymorph, lymphocyte, and total protein levels in discharged and expired AIS patients.

Prognostic significance of ischemia-modified albumin in acute ischemic stroke patients: A preliminary study.

Background: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a sensitive marker of ischemic event. However, limited studies are available regarding role of IMA in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate time course of IMA in AIS patient to validate its prognostic value.

Evaluation of the inflammatory response in sera from acute ischemic stroke patients by measurement of IL-2 and IL-10.

Objectives: We compared the concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serial serum samples from improved and expired acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients to determine their prognostic usefulness.

Materials And Methods: Blood from AIS patients (n = 17) admitted within 24 h of the onset of symptoms were collected at admission and 24, 48, 72, and 144 h after admission. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay.

Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 is a novel marker of acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Inflammation and inflammatory markers play an important role in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In an earlier study, we discovered a 120-kDa protein that was highly expressed in healthy participants, but either was not expressed or was barely expressed in AIS patients. The purpose of the present work was to isolate, characterize, and evaluate this 120-kDa protein in blood samples of AIS patients.