The unique molecular signature of TMJ as compared to the knee, demonstrates its susceptibility to osteoarthritis.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide, with prominent effects on the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and knee. Despite its prevalence, TMJ-OA remains understudied. This study investigated the transcriptional signature of the TMJ compared to that of the knee and explored transcriptional differences in the medial and superficial layers of TMJ-OA.

Integrative analysis identifies FBXO5 as a critical mediator of CRPC progression and bone metastatic potential.

Introduction: Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) poses a major clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature, therapeutic resistance, and frequent progression to bone metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that E3 ubiquitin ligases play a key role in cancer progression, yet their involvement in CRPC remains poorly understood.

Methods And Results: In this study, we employed machine learning (ML) algorithms and integrative bioinformatics approaches to analyze the gene expression profiles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in CRPC patients.

A multi-tissue human knee single-cell atlas identifies that osteoarthritis reduces regenerative tissue stem cells while increasing inflammatory pain macrophages.

Osteoarthritis (OA) affects the entire knee joint, yet cross-tissue molecular interplay remains poorly understood. To address this, we constructed the first single-cell RNA sequencing atlas of knee OA, profiling articular cartilage, meniscus, synovium, and subchondral bone. Our analysis revealed that healthy synovium and meniscus harbor abundant tissue stem cells (TSCs) and immune cells, which are significantly altered in OA.

A Humanized Mouse Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma for Investigating Resistance to Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer therapeutics; however, its impact on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains limited due to acquired resistance, including to Pembrolizumab. To better understand this challenge, we develop a humanized mouse model using immune-deficient NCG mice engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC), followed by orthotopic implantation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) stem cells. This model closely mimics the human tumor-immune microenvironment, showing aggressive tumor growth and metastasis.

LOXL2 alleviates post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis and pain.

Cartilage has limited potential for self-regeneration, and damage can lead to structural, molecular, and functional aberrations, leading to osteoarthritis (OA). Traumatic knee injuries can also lead to cartilage degeneration and post-traumatic OA (PTOA). This study aimed to explore whether lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) deletion promotes PTOA-induced transcriptional changes similar to those in human OA, as well as the upregulation of collagen degradation, inflammation, and pain-related gene networks.

LOXL2 Deletion Triggers TMJ Osteoarthritis While Overexpression Protects Against NF-κβ-Induced Chondrocyte Apoptosis.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) affects a significant proportion of the population worldwide. However, there has been no substantial progress in the development of FDA-approved drugs for treatment due to a lack of understanding of the specific factors regulating key TMJ-OA molecular mechanisms. Lysyl Oxidase Like-2 (LOXL2) promotes knee joint cartilage protection, and it is downregulated in TMJ-OA animal model.

Unique TMJ-specific transcriptomic signature and its medial layer: Implications in osteoarthritis.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide, with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and knee joint being prominently affected. Despite its prevalence, TMJ-OA remains understudied. This study aimed to investigate the transcriptional signature of the TMJ compared to that of the knee joint and to explore transcriptional differences in the medial and superficial layers of the TMJ-OA.

Clinical data investigation identifies MARK3 as an oncogenic driver in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) represents an aggressive and fatal form of prostate cancer that emerges following resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. Despite the availability of various drugs that can enhance the quality and prolong the survival of CRPC patients, resistance to these therapies is frequently observed, making the disease increasingly difficult to treat. Altered expression of kinases and phosphatases is a critical driver of CRPC and presents a potential target for more effective treatments.

Lysine-specific demethylase 1 controls key OSCC preneoplasia inducer STAT3 through CDK7 phosphorylation during oncogenic progression and immunosuppression.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progresses from preneoplastic precursors via genetic and epigenetic alterations. Previous studies have focused on the treatment of terminally developed OSCC. However, the role of epigenetic regulators as therapeutic targets during the transition from preneoplastic precursors to OSCC has not been well studied.

LSD1 inhibition corrects dysregulated MHC-I and dendritic cells activation through IFNγ-CXCL9-CXCR3 axis to promote antitumor immunity in HNSCC.

Unlabelled: Poor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and dysregulated MHC-I confer resistance to anticancer clinical therapies. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, encoded by KDM1A gene) in antitumor immunity in Head and Neck Squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). LSD1 inhibition in syngeneic and chronic tobacco carcinogen-induced HNSCC mice recruited activated dendritic cells (DCs), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, enriched interferon-gamma (IFNγ) in T cells, CXCL9 in DCs, and CXCR3 in T cells, as evaluated using flow cytometry and single-cell RNA-seq analysis.

Controlling smoking: A smoking epidemic model with different smoking degrees in deterministic and stochastic environments.

Engaging in smoking not only leads to substantial health risks but also imposes considerable financial burdens. To deepen our understanding of the mechanisms behind smoking transmission and to address the tobacco epidemic, we examined a five-dimensional smoking epidemic model that accounts for different degrees of smoking under both deterministic and stochastic conditions. In the deterministic case, we determine the basic reproduction number, analyze the stability of equilibria with and without smoking, and investigate the existence of saddle-node bifurcation.

Seroprevalence of selected viral pathogens in pigs reared in organized farms of Meghalaya from 2014 to 16.

Aim: A pilot study was carried out to find out the seroprevalence of Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), classical swine fever virus (CSFV), and Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRS) in pig population of Meghalaya.

Materials And Methods: Serum samples were collected from piglets of 40-45 days age group, growers, and sows reared under organized and unorganized management in 11 districts of Meghalaya situated in the Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo hills divisions in the time period of 2014-2016 from apparently healthy and suspected pigs. Seroprevalence of PCV2, CSFV, and PRRS specific antibodies was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

An overview of physico-chemical mechanisms of biogas production by microbial communities: a step towards sustainable waste management.

Biogas is a combination of methane, CO, nitrogen, HS and traces of few other gases. Almost any organic waste can be biologically transformed into biogas and other energy-rich organic compounds through the process of anaerobic digestion (AD) and thus helping in sustainable waste management. Although microbes are involved in each step of AD, knowledge about those microbial consortia is limited due to the lack of phylogenetic and metabolic data of predominantly unculturable microorganisms.

Complete genome sequence of emerging porcine circovirus types 2a and 2b from India.

We report here the first characterized complete genome sequence of porcine circovirus types 2a and 2b from northeastern states of India. These isolates may serve as a potential reference for the Indian strains of porcine circovirus types 2a and 2b.

Complete genome sequence of classical Swine Fever virus subgenogroup 2.1 from assam, India.

We report the complete genome sequence of a classical swine fever virus (genogroup 2.1), isolated from an outbreak in Assam, India. This particular isolate showed a high degree of genetic variation within the subgenogroup 2.

Knowledge, attitude and practices of emergency contraception among beneficiaries and providers.

In the new millennium emergency contraceptives have become one of the effective methods for control of global population. It can avert many unwanted pregnancies. In the present study the authors have tried to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of different methods of contraceptive techniques available at present and also about the emergency contraceptive which is recently available amongst 140 healthcare providers and 480 beneficiaries.