Understanding and promoting equitable post-discharge care in firearm injury survivors: a retrospective chart review.

Patients that survive firearm injuries frequently require follow-up care. This study aims to explore demographic characteristics of patients presenting to the emergency department for post-firearm injury care and to understand the reasons for their return visits. This was a retrospective chart review of all emergency department and readmission patient encounters for post-firearm injury care during the study period, January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2022, at an urban safety net hospital.

Factors Associated with Abusive Head Trauma in Young Children Presenting to Emergency Medical Services Using a Large Language Model.

Objectives: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of death in young children. Analyses of patient characteristics presenting to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are often limited to structured data fields. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLM) may identify rare presentations like AHT through factors not found in structured data.

Anchor scour from shipping and the defaunation of rocky reefs: A quantitative assessment.

Anchor scour from shipping is increasingly recognised as a global threat to benthic marine biodiversity, yet no replicated ecological assessment exists for any seabed community. Without quantification of impacts to biota, there is substantial uncertainty for maritime stakeholders and managers of the marine estate on how these impacts can be managed or minimised. Our study focuses on a region in SE Australia with a high proportion of mesophotic reef (>30 m), where ships anchor while waiting to enter nearby ports.

Coexisting with sharks: a novel, socially acceptable and non-lethal shark mitigation approach.

Conflict between humans and large predators is a longstanding challenge that can present negative consequences for humans and wildlife. Sharks have a global distribution and are considered to pose a potential threat to humans; concurrently many shark species are themselves threatened. Developing strategies for coexistence between humans and this keystone group is imperative.

Anchor and chain scour as disturbance agents in benthic environments: trends in the literature and charting a course to more sustainable boating and shipping.

Millions of recreational boats and ~ 65,000 ocean-going merchant ships anchor routinely. Anchor and chain scour associated with these vessels mechanically disturb the seabed having implications for marine environments globally. Our review summarises the scientific literature that examines the response of biota to anchor scour across five habitats; unvegetated sediments; seagrass; rhodolith beds; coral and rocky reefs.

Sponges as sentinels: Metal accumulation using transplanted sponges across a metal gradient.

To be effective sentinels, organisms must be able to be readily translocated to contamination hotspots. The authors sought to assess metal accumulation in genetically identical explants of a relatively common estuarine sponge, Suberites cf. diversicolor.

Changes in fish assemblages following the establishment of a network of no-take marine reserves and partially-protected areas.

Networks of no-take marine reserves and partially-protected areas (with limited fishing) are being increasingly promoted as a means of conserving biodiversity. We examined changes in fish assemblages across a network of marine reserves and two different types of partially-protected areas within a marine park over the first 5 years of its establishment. We used Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV) to quantify fish communities on rocky reefs at 20-40 m depth between 2008-2011.

Complex responses of intertidal molluscan embryos to a warming and acidifying ocean in the presence of UV radiation.

Climate change and ocean acidification will expose marine organisms to synchronous multiple stressors, with early life stages being potentially most vulnerable to changing environmental conditions. We simultaneously exposed encapsulated molluscan embryos to three abiotic stressors-acidified conditions, elevated temperate, and solar UV radiation in large outdoor water tables in a multifactorial design. Solar UV radiation was modified with plastic filters, while levels of the other factors reflected IPCC predictions for near-future change.