The Prognostic Significance of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Skin Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background and AimsProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule with proven therapeutic and prognostic implications. However, its prognostic significance in skin neoplasms remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in skin neoplasms.

Evaluation of oral nano-curcumin formulation effectiveness in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial.

Recent clinical trials have exhibited that curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, is effective as adjuvant therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study, 43 patients with mild-moderate UC who were referred to the gastrointestinal ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran were assessed. They were randomly specified to the intervention (n = 21, SinaCurcumin® soft gel 80 mg) or the placebo (n = 22) group, administered twice a day for 1 month, in addition to 5-aminosalicylic acid.

Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction due to Anti Jk Antibody, a Frequently Transient and Low-Titer Antibody Probably Not Detected in Pretransfusion Testing; A Case Report.

This case report describes the management of a middle-aged woman with abnormal uterine bleeding who developed Anti-Jk and Anti-M antibodies following multiple transfusions, illustrating the challenges in transfusion medicine. Despite initial negative antibody screening, repeat testing post-transfusion revealed these clinically significant antibodies, demonstrating the dynamic nature of alloimmunization. The case highlights the importance of the MNS and Kidd blood group systems in transfusion reactions, particularly the risk of delayed hemolysis with anti-Jk antibodies.

The Link Between High Sensitivity Troponin T Levels and Outcomes Among Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.

Background & Objective: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) has emerged as a critical biomarker in cardiovascular diseases, particularly in congestive heart failure (CHF). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between hs-cTnT levels and clinical outcomes in patients with CHF.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed across multiple databases to identify studies evaluating the relationship between hs-cTnT levels and clinical outcomes in CHF.

Clinical Challenges and Predictive Risk Factors for Outcomes in COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis.

Background & Objective: Mucormycosis has emerged as a severe complication in COVID-19 patients, particularly among those with uncontrolled diabetes and those receiving corticosteroid therapy. The infection's tendency to spread from the sinuses to the orbit and central nervous system (CNS) significantly increases morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify clinical risk factors and outcomes associated with disease severity and mortality in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM), with a focus on disease progression to orbital and CNS involvement.

The Value of the Galactomannan Test in Diagnosing COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Review.

COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a complication of COVID-19. Galactomannan (GM) is a non-invasive test used to diagnose invasive aspergillosis. We collected the existing studies on the diagnostic value of GM to determine a GM level for predicting CAPA.

Evaluating the breast cancer quality of care indicators in Iran; multicenter study.

Background: Data on quality-of-care indicators for breast cancer patients is limited in low-and middle-income countries. We evaluated the indicators in Iran.

Method: A total of 21 quality-of-care indicators of breast cancer management defined by EUSOMA 2017 were selected.

Serological status of measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies in HIV-positive women of childbearing age at a referral hospital in Iran.

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases susceptibility to measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) infections due to decreased cluster of differentiation 4 + T-cell levels and rapid waning of protective antibodies following vaccination, which imposes a significant impact on HIV-positive women of reproductive age, for whom MMR vaccination is a crucial preventive measure. This study aimed to shed light on the immunity status of women of childbearing age with HIV infection post-MMR-vaccination during their childhood and the necessity of further vaccination in these individuals.

Methods: To evaluate seroconversion rates following vaccination through Iran's NIP or previous infection by assessing MMR IgG levels, all Iranian women aged 18-45 years referred to our voluntary counseling center, with or without HIV infection and CD4 levels 200 cells/mm or higher at the time of enrollment, were invited to participate.

PTEN and HES1 Gene Expression Alteration in Breast Cancer: Any Association with Tumor Histomorphological Features or Invasive Behavior?

Background: Genomic techniques and the evaluation of epigenetic and proteomic alterations are increasingly used to predict breast tumors' behavior and histopathological patterns. While some studies have linked PTEN and HES1 gene expression to tumor aggressiveness and metastatic behavior, others have not confirmed these associations. This study aimed to assess PTEN and HES1 gene expression in breast cancer lesions and explore their relationship with tumor morphological features and behavior.

Bupropion Showed Neuroprotective Impacts Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Background: Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the most prevalent form of brain stroke, affecting many patients worldwide. It is believed that oxidative stress and inflammation play major roles in the damage that occurs after the initiation of the disease.

Objectives: Therefore, for the first time, the current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of bupropion against cerebral I/R damage in a rat model.

The Effect of Nanoliposomal Amphotericin B Against Isolated From COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Patients.

Background & Objective: , a major contributor to COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) globally. Nanoliposomal amphotericin B (NLAmB) presents a promising approach due to its enhanced drug delivery and reduced side effects. This study aimed to assess the antifungal susceptibility of NLAmB against isolated from CAM patients.

Clinical manifestations, para-clinical features and outcome of Iranian adults with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection: a report from hospitalized patients.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of children's pulmonary infections. However, there are fewer studies on RSV infections in adults. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical manifestations, para-clinical characteristics, and outcome of RSV infection among adult patients who were referred to the Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex during the winter and spring of 2022-2023.

COVID-19 Impact on Pathology Education Program in Iran.

Background & Objective: The coronavirus disease brought worldwide uncertainty, and Iran was affected by it as well as many other countries in the world. Halting face-to-face education due to social distancing and resident re-employment in clinical wards leads to defective education. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of modifications made in pathology residency education in Iran.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Patients with Post-neurosurgical Procedures: Meningitis vs. Non-meningitis.

Background & Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is helpful in the diagnosis of infections of the central nervous system (CNS), especially after neurosurgical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of CSF markers for diagnosis of post-neurosurgical meningitis (PNM).

Methods: Patients with neurosurgical procedures whose CSF was obtained for any reason (meningitis and non-meningitis) during 2020 and 2022, at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, were included.

The association between mortality due to COVID-19 and coagulative parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Aims And Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis study evaluated the association between mortality due to COVID-19 and coagulative factors.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science from the beginning of the pandemic until October 2024 to identify relevant studies on COVID-19 patients and their laboratory findings related to coagulation markers and mortality outcome. Eligibility criteria were defined based on the PICO framework, and data extraction was performed by two authors independently using a standardized sheet.

The impact of economic sanctions on cancer diagnosis and treatment in Iran: a qualitative study.

Background: The economic sanctions imposed on Iran have had a significant impact on the country's healthcare system. The sanctions have affected the availability and affordability of cancer diagnosis and treatment services, leading to a range of challenges for patients with cancer. This study aimed to explore these challenges and gain a deeper understanding of the impact of economic sanctions on cancer care in Iran.

Proven Cutaneous Mucormycosis in a COVID-19 Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

There has been a rise in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) cases, particularly in low-income countries. We describe a case of primary cutaneous mucormycosis after recovering from COVID-19 in a kidney transplant recipient who had a known case of diabetes mellitus. The patient developed cutaneous ulcers due to Rhizopus oryzae in the right hand.

Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 and Fungal Coinfections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.

Background & Objective: Fungal co-infections increase the incidence and mortality of viral respiratory tract infections. This study systematically reviews and conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 patients with fungal coinfections. The aim is to provide a concise overview of the impact of these infections on patient outcomes especially association with risk of mortality, informing future research and optimizing patient management strategies.

Concomitant tuberculosis and aspergillosis in patients with COVID-19: a case report.

Coexisting pulmonary aspergillosis and tuberculosis in a post-COVID-19 patient is rare. Here, we are going to report a case of combined pulmonary aspergillosis and tuberculosis in a 51-year-old female who was previously diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. The patient was treated with voriconazole and anti-tuberculosis agents.

Spectrum and Distribution of Biopsy-proven Kidney Diseases: A 12-year Survey of a Single Center in Iran.

Data about the prevalence of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Iran are rare, and none of the previous studies used electron microscopy for diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in Iran's primary referral center. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most extensive study carried out in Iran.

Breast Cancer Sentinel Lymph Node Detection Rate: First Large Scale Multi-Centric Data for Technetium Phytate.

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with injection of radiopharmaceuticals is now the standard of care for staging the axilla in patients with breast cancer. Sulfur or antimony colloids labeled with Technetium (Tc) are used globally for the procedure, with a detection rate of 94%. However, in Iran, Tc phytate has been used because it is more easily producible in the country.