The head position and cervical alignment in patients with Chiari malformation: A retrospective case-control study.

Aim And Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cervical spinal alignment and the center of gravity (COG) of the head in patients with Chiari malformation (CM) compared to healthy individuals. CM is characterized by the herniation of posterior fossa structures through the foramen magnum, potentially affecting head positioning and craniovertebral junction biomechanics. Understanding these biomechanical changes is crucial for improving diagnostic and treatment strategies.

Injectable Liposome-Loaded Hydrogel Formulations with Controlled Release of Curcumin and α-Tocopherol for Dental Tissue Engineering.

An injectable hydrogel formulation is developed utilizing low- and high-molecular-weight chitosan (LCH and HCH) incorporated with curcumin and α-tocopherol-loaded liposomes (Lip/Cur+Toc). Cur and Toc releases are delayed within the hydrogels. The injectability of hydrogels is proved via rheological analyses.

A comparative analysis of neuroendoscopic foramen magnum decompression versus traditional open surgery for Chiari Malformation Type I.

Purpose: Chiari Malformation Type I (CM1) is characterized by the downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum. The standard surgical treatment for CM1 is foramen magnum decompression and atlas laminectomy (FMD-AL). However, there is a growing interest in exploring minimally invasive techniques, such as neuroendoscopically assisted FMD-AL, to optimize surgical outcomes.

Neuroendoscopy-Assisted Minimal Invasive Management of Chiari 1 Malformation.

 The aim this study is to present the results of the minimal invasive neuroendoscopic-assisted system application as an alternative to traditional surgery in patients with Chiari malformation type 1 (CM type 1) with/without syringomyelia.  In the study, data of 22 symptomatic patients were prospectively collected. Before and after the operation, patient characteristics, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics MRI, and outcome scales scores were recorded.

Establishing Safe Surgical Parameters for Placement of C2 Pedicle Screws: A Retrospective Study.

Background:  The study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of transpedicular instrumentation for the C2 vertebra and to establish the precise anatomical parameters and boundaries within which this procedure can be safely and effectively performed.

Methods:  This retrospective study analyzed 66 patients who underwent C2 transpedicular screw fixation. Preoperative and postoperative axial, sagittal, and coronal computed tomography (CT) scans were examined.

Comparison of the Particulate Steroids, Betamethasone and Methylprednisolone, in Caudal Steroid Injection Under Ultrasound Guidance.

Background: Pain relief in lumbar disc hernias is a challenging condition. This study retrospectively compared particulate steroids, methylprednisolone acetate (mid-term effective), against betamethasone acetate (long-term effective) on ultrasound-guided caudal epidural injection for lumbar disc herniation.

Methods: A total of 40 patients with L4-5 and/or L5-S1 disc herniation were treated with ultrasound-guided caudal epidural injection between September 2021 and June 2022.

Evaluation of Sexual Function in Patients with Lower Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Comparison of Pre- and Postoperative Status.

Background:  Neuroregulation of sexual functions requires coordination of parasympathetic, sympathetic, and somatosensory neuronal pathways. The nerves formed by the lower lumbar plexus provide the innervation of the urogenital organs. Lower lumbar disc hernias (LDHs) might impair the neuroregulation of sexual functions by compressing the neural structures.

Accuracy of Axis Drill Guides in the Cases of Atlantoaxial Instabilities Associated With High-Riding Vertebral Arteries, Narrow Pedicles, and Complex Deformities: Comparison of 3 Fixation Methods.

Objective: To contrast the accuracy of C2 navigation template-assisted versus freehand pedicle and/or pars screw fixation in high-risk cases where a high-riding vertebral artery (VA) or narrow pedicle and complex deformities were associated.

Methods: In our hospital, computed tomography (CT) data of 30 patients with pathology on C, who had risk factors for VA injury, that were complex cervical deformities, atlantoaxial instabilities with narrow C2 pedicle and/or HRVA variations were retrospectively reviewed. Using computer-aided design software and desktop printer we printed 3 sets of high cervical models per case.

Maternal Serum and Fetal Cord Blood Concentrations of Thiol/ Disulfide and Ischemia-Modified Albumin as Predictors of Neural Tube Defects.

Aim: To investigate the predictive role of thiol/ disulfide homeostasis and Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels for NTDs.

Material And Methods: A total of 71 pregnant women (31 with NTD and 42 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study. This prospective case-control study included pregnant women with NTDs as the study group and randomly selected age-matched pregnant women with healthy fetuses as the control group.

Effect of sequential-combined solar energy assisted hot air and hot air assisted radio frequency drying on the physical and chemical properties of dried apricots.

Quality characteristics of sulphured and non-sulphured apricots dried with a sequential combined pilot scale solar assisted hot air and hot air assisted radio frequency dryer and conventional sun system were compared. The combined drying approach showed improved color, hardness, antioxidant activity and retention of vitamin C, β-carotene and total phenolic content values compared to conventional sun drying both for sulphured and non-sulphured samples. The effects of sulphur concentration and addition of pistachio hull extract as a treatment prior to drying were also investigated.

A case of atlantoaxial dislocation associated with ipsilateral vertebral and carotid artery dissections: highlighting the injury biomechanics and management strategy.

Introduction: Traumatic cervical artery dissections carry significant morbidity and mortality among blunt trauma victims. The current paper illustrates a case with a young male who presented with atlantoaxial dislocation associated with ipsilateral carotid and vertebral artery dissections complicated by middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction.

Case Report: We report a young male who presented to the emergency department with ipsilateral carotid and vertebral artery dissections complicated by middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke associated with atlantoaxial dislocation after jumping into the water from a height.

Natural origin bilayer pullulan-PHBV scaffold for wound healing applications.

Skin tissue loss that occurs by injury and diseases can turn into chronic wounds as a result of complications alongside infection. Chronic wounds fail to heal by themselves and need advanced treatments like engineered wound dressings and regenerative scaffolds. In this study, a novel, natural origin, bilayer electrospun scaffold was produced from pullulan (PUL) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) biopolymers.

Posterior Cervical Discectomy via Keyhole Foraminotomy: A Case Series Comparing Microdiscectomy with Endoscope-Assisted Discectomy.

Aim: To report the clinical outcomes of microdiscectomy (MD) and endoscope assisted discectomy (EAD) techniques via the posterior approach in patients with cervical disc herniations (CDHs).

Material And Methods: The data were obtained from retrospective review of the patient?s charts and the latest follow-up examination.

Results: A total of 83 cases with CDH who were treated by posterior cervical discectomy (PCD), between 2010 and 2019, were reviewed.

Hot air-assisted radio frequency drying of apricots: Mathematical modeling study for process design.

Conventional hot air and solar energy processes have been used for apricot. These processes had adverse effects on the quality due to the longer process times, and this indicates the need for an innovative approach. Radio frequency (RF) processing has innovation potential for drying with its volumetric heating feature, but an optimal process should be designed for process efficiency in industrial-scale applications.

Investigation of the effect of ghrelin on bone fracture healing in rats.

Ghrelin is known to have effects on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and improvement of bone mineral density in rats. However, no experimental research on ghrelin's effects on fracture healing has been reported. In this context, the effect of ghrelin on the union of femoral shaft fractures was examined in this study by evaluating whether ghrelin will directly contribute to fracture healing.

Clinical Results of Unilateral Dynamic Rod Application in the Short-Medium Period.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical results of patients who underwent unilateral dynamic rod stabilization after unilateral facet joint excision during spinal surgery.

Material And Methods: Twenty patients who were diagnosed with degenerative spinal disease or spinal tumor, who were operated on using a unilateral approach, who underwent facet joint resection, and who were stabilized with a unilateral dynamic rod were examined. Visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were used to clinically evaluate the cases during the preoperative and postoperative periods.

Posterior Endoscope-Assisted Diskectomy Is an Effective Technique for Cervical Soft Disk Herniation.

Objective:  To evaluate the clinicoradiologic conditions of patients with a herniated cervical disk who were treated with percutaneous endoscope-assisted cervical diskectomy.

Materials And Methods:  The medical data of 27 patients (16 men and 11 women; mean age: 40.9 years) who were operated on with the posterior endoscope-assisted cervical diskectomy method were reviewed retrospectively.

Endoscopic Untethering of Tight Filum Terminale: An Operative Technique.

Aim: To demonstrate the various technical advantages of minimally invasive endoscopic untethering of tight filum terminale for the treatment of tethered cord syndrome (TCS).

Material And Methods: In five pediatric cases of TCS, we performed untethering by using the endoscopic technique. The age of the patients were 6, 7, 8, 9, and 12 years old.

A dual-phase scaffold produced by rotary jet spinning and electrospinning for tendon tissue engineering.

Tendon is a highly hierarchical and oriented tissue that provides high mechanical strength. Tendon injuries lead to loss of function, disability, and a decrease in quality of life. The limited healing capacity of tendon tissue leads to scar tissue formation, which can affect mechanical strength and cause a re-tear.

Urgent operation improves weakness in cauda equina syndrome due to lumbar disc herniation.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the effect of surgical timing on the sphincter function and improvement of motor function in patients with cauda equine syndrome (CES) due to lumbar disc herniation (LDH).

Patients And Methods: Between January 2005 and December 2013, a total of 33 patients (18 males, 15 females; mean age 48.6±2.

Nanocrystalline Zn and SO binary doped fluorohydroxyapatite: A novel biomaterial with enhanced osteoconductive and osteoinconductive properties.

In this study, we have successfully doped hydroxyapatite (HA) with zinc (Zn), sulphate (SO) and fluoride (F) ions to develop a new composition of bioceramic, Ca Zn(PO)(SO)(OH)F(SO), (x = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.

Diatom shell incorporated PHBV/PCL-pullulan co-electrospun scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Tissue engineering can benefit from wide variety of materials produced by microorganisms. Natural origin materials often possess good biocompatibility, biodegradability with sustainable production by microorganisms. A phytoplankton, diatom, produces an amorphous silica shell that can be obtained by a cost efficient production process.

A new therapeutic combination for osteosarcoma: Gemcitabine and Clofazimine co-loaded liposomal formulation.

Osteosarcoma is the most common cancer in bone. Drug resistance is a challenge of current treatments that needs to be improved with novel treatment strategies. In this research, a new dual drug delivery system was developed with Gemcitabine (GEM) and Clofazimine (CLF) co-loaded liposome formulations.

Silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide composite reinforced fibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

In this study, novel graphene oxide-incorporated silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite composites were prepared and their potential use for bone tissue engineering was investigated by developing an electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold. Nanocomposite groups were synthesized to have two different ratios of graphene oxide (2 and 4 wt%) to evaluate the effect of graphene oxide incorporation and groups with different silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite content was prepared to investigate optimum concentrations of both silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite and graphene oxide. Three-dimensional poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffolds were prepared by wet electrospinning and reinforced with silicate-doped nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene oxide nanocomposite groups to improve bone regeneration potency.