Three-Dimensional Presentation of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histopathology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-A Novel Image Fusion Method.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) modeling has been used in the management of bony head and neck tumors, but not in soft tissue tumors. Currently, histopathological findings of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are presented as two-dimensional images. Previously, we developed a 3D image fusion method that presents tumor histopathology and MRI in 3D form.

MMP11 as a Prognostic Indicator for Inverted Papilloma Histologic Grade and Recurrence.

Objectives: Inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign, but locally aggressive sinonasal tumor with a high recurrence rate and potential for malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma ex-IP (SCC). Currently, no reliable biomarkers exist to predict recurrence or severity. Matrix metalloproteinase-11 (MMP11) has been implicated in tumor progression and extracellular matrix remodeling in various malignancies and has been shown to be progressively upregulated in IP transformation.

Delivering Therapy to the Olfactory Cleft: A Comparison of the Various Methods of Administering Topical Nasal Medications.

Background and objective Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition affecting the nasal mucosa, and it causes olfactory dysfunction (OD) in up to 78.2% of patients. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment to shrink nasal polyposis, reduce inflammation, and improve olfactory function.

Accessing the Eustachian tube: Conventional nasal spray vs. exhalation delivery system and the impact of targeted endoscopic sinus surgery on topical distribution patterns.

Background: Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) may occur distinct from, or in conjunction with, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS+ETD). Intranasal corticosteroid sprays are often prescribed for ETD, although ET distribution may be limited. To date, no anatomic studies compare nasopharynx (NP) distribution between conventional nasal sprays (NS) and exhalation delivery systems (EDS) after surgery.

Prevalence of Subclinical Hearing Loss in the United States.

Objective: Current definitions of hearing loss (HL) may be insufficiently strict, as subclinical hearing loss (SCHL; >0 and ≤25 dB hearing level) has been associated with deleterious age-related conditions. SCHL prevalence and mean age of HL onset in the United States has not been characterized.

Study Design: A cross-sectional epidemiologic prevalence study.

Chemosensory deficits are best predictor of serologic response among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Objective: Smell and taste alteration are closely linked to infection with SARS-CoV-2 and may be associated with a more indolent disease course. Serologic response rates among individuals with mild disease remains limited. We sought to identify whether chemosensory changes associated with COVID-19 were predictive of a serologic response.

Hearing Aid Usage and Reported Hearing Difficulty in Americans With Subclinical Hearing Loss.

Objective: Subclinical hearing loss (SCHL) (previously defined by our group as a four-frequency pure tone average [PTA4] >0 to ≤25 dB) has recently been associated with depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. This suggests that the common 25 dB adult cutpoint in the United States for normal hearing may not be sensitive enough. We aim to characterize real-world hearing difficulties, as measured by hearing aid use and self-reported hearing difficulty, among individuals with SCHL.

Thinking Beyond the Temporal Bone Lab: A Systematic Process for Expanding Surgical Simulation in Otolaryngology Training.

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a temporary lapse in the development of otolaryngology trainee operative skills due to the cancellation of elective procedures and redeployment of trainees and attendings to COVID-19 units. Although transient, this disruption provided an opportunity for otolaryngology programs to develop contingency plans and formalize nascent simulation training curricula. Integration of formal simulation training alongside current didactic and surgical education may offset lost exposure during surgically lean times while providing the framework and resources for enhanced baseline training.

The Laterality of Age-Related Hearing Loss and Depression.

Objective: There is a known association between hearing loss (HL) and depressive symptoms. The objective was to establish if there is a stronger association with the left or right ear.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing prospective epidemiologic cohort study.

Carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery: Risk factors, prevention, and management.

Objective: Endoscopic approaches for sinus and skull base surgery are increasing in popularity. The objective of this narrative review is to characterize risk factors for internal carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES), highlight preventative measures, and illustrate key management principles.

Data Sources: Comprehensive literature review.

Simulation training in endoscopic skull base surgery: A scoping review.

Objective: Proficiency in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery requires both substantial baseline training and progressive lifelong learning. Endoscopic simulation models continue to evolve in an effort to optimize trainee education and preoperative preparation and improve surgical outcomes. The current scoping review systematically reviews all available literature and synthesizes the current paradigms of simulation models for endoscopic skull base surgery training and skill enhancement.

The Longitudinal Association of Subclinical Hearing Loss With Cognition in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study.

Objectives: To examine the longitudinal association between subclinical hearing loss (SCHL) and neurocognitive performance.

Design: Longitudinal analyses were conducted among 2,110 subjects who underwent audiometric testing in a US multi-centered epidemiologic cohort study. The primary exposure was better ear hearing (pure tone average).

Association of Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status With Esthesioneuroblastoma Presentation, Treatment, and Survival.

Objective: Socioeconomic and other demographic factors are associated with outcomes in head and neck cancer. This study uses a national cancer database to explore how patient race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with esthesioneuroblastoma outcomes, including 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS), conditional DSS, stage at diagnosis, and treatment.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

The Laterality of Age-related Hearing Loss and Cognition.

Objectives: To analyze the association between neurocognitive performance and age-related hearing loss in the right and left ear, individually.

Design: Subjects included 5277 participants (≥50 years) from the general Hispanic population who underwent audiometric testing in a US multicentered epidemiologic study. Linear regression was performed to assess the cross-sectional association between cognitive performance (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST], Word Frequency Test, Spanish-English Verbal Learning Test [SEVLT] 3 Trials, SEVLT Recall, and Six-Item Screener) and hearing in each ear (4-frequency pure-tone average), adjusting for age, sex, education, cardiovascular disease, and hearing aid use.

The Laterality of Early Age-Related Hearing Loss and Brain β-Amyloid.

Objective: Worse hearing was linked to higher brain β-amyloid, a pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, in a recent study. We analyze the associations between β-amyloid and early age-related hearing loss in the right versus left ear to explore the laterality of this relationship.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Rhinologic Cancer Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes.

Objective: The United States Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act allocated funds for states to expand Medicaid coverage. However, several states declined expansion. We aim to determine whether Medicaid expansion is associated with healthcare coverage, cancer stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival among patients with rhinologic cancer.

Prevalence of Single-Sided Deafness in the United States.

Objectives/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to obtain a reliable estimate of single-sided deafness (SSD) prevalence in the adult U.S.

Methods: A cross-sectional national epidemiologic study was performed.

Longitudinal Associations of Subclinical Hearing Loss With Cognitive Decline.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that age-related hearing loss is associated with cognitive decline. We investigated whether subclinical hearing loss (SCHL) or imperfect hearing traditionally categorized as normal (pure-tone average ≤25 dB) may be similarly linked to cognitive decline and risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia.

Methods: Participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging were cognitively normal adults at least 50 years old with cognitive assessments from 1991 to 2019 and pure-tone average ≤25 dB measured between 1991 and 1994 (n = 263).

Conditional and Overall Disease-Specific Survival in Patients With Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancer: Improved Outcomes in the Endoscopic Era.

Background: The management of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity malignancies has evolved significantly with the development of advanced endoscopic techniques and improvements in adjuvant therapy. We sought to characterize both disease-specific survival (DSS) and 5-year conditional disease-specific survival (CDSS, the change in life expectancy with increasing survivorship) for sinus malignancies diagnosed before and after the year 2000.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with sinus and nasal cavity cancer between 1973-2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) registry.

Additive Manufacturing of Resected Oral and Oropharyngeal Tissue: A Pilot Study.

Better visualization of tumor structure and orientation are needed in the postoperative setting. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a system in which oral and oropharyngeal tumors are resected, photographed, 3D modeled, and printed using additive manufacturing techniques. Three patients diagnosed with oral/oropharyngeal cancer were included.

Smartphone-Based Applications to Detect Hearing Loss: A Review of Current Technology.

Background/objectives: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a widely prevalent yet manageable condition that has been linked to neurocognitive and psychiatric comorbidities. Multiple barriers hinder older individuals from being diagnosed with ARHL through pure-tone audiometry. This is especially true during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has resulted in the closure of many outpatient audiology and otolaryngology offices.

Does Ibuprofen Increase Bleed Risk for Pediatric Tonsillectomy?

Objective: To evaluate risk factors for pediatric posttonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) and the need for transfusion using a national database.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: The study was conducted using the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database.