Advancing knee adduction moment prediction for neuromuscular training via functional joint definitions and real-time simulation using OpenSim.

Neuromuscular training to strengthen leg muscles is an important part of the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders and chronic diseases and preventing age-related muscle loss. This study evaluates different individualization approaches and their real-time implementation for OpenSim musculoskeletal models to estimate the external knee adduction moment during a leg-press exercise. A robotic neuromuscular training platform was utilized to perform isometric and dynamic leg extension exercises.

Short-Dipole Sensor Response Linearization Through Physics-Informed Neural Networks.

Short-dipole diode sensors loaded with highly resistive lines are commonly used to measure the time-averaged square of the high-frequency electromagnetic field amplitude directly. Their precision, simplicity, broadband, high dynamic range capability, and minimal scattering make them ideal for application in the near-field of sources, particularly for demonstrating compliance with exposure limits. However, the usage of these sensors to cover multiple orders of magnitude of field amplitude requires signal-specific linearization of the sensor response.

A novel CNN-based image segmentation pipeline for individualized feline spinal cord stimulation modeling.

. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a well-established treatment for managing certain chronic pain conditions. More recently, it has also garnered attention as a means of modulating neural activity to restore lost autonomic or sensory-motor function.

H-reflex and M-wave responses after voluntary and electrically evoked muscle cramping.

Purpose: Despite the widespread occurrence of muscle cramps, their underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. To better understand the etiology of muscle cramps, this study investigated acute effects of muscle cramping induced by maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on the amplitude of Hoffmann reflexes (H-reflex) and compound muscle action potentials (M-wave).

Methods: Healthy men (n = 14) and women (n = 3) participated in two identical sessions separated by 7 days.

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Reduces Leg Cramps in Patients With Lumbar Degenerative Disorders: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH) are often accompanied by frequently occurring leg cramps severely affecting patients' life and sleep quality. Recent evidence suggests that neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES) of cramp-prone muscles may prevent cramps in lumbar disorders.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two men and women (63 ± 9 years) with LSS and/or LDH suffering from cramps were randomly allocated to four different groups.

Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on the Frequency of Skeletal Muscle Cramps: A Prospective Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: We investigated if neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of calf muscles prevents spontaneous calf cramps.

Materials And Methods: In 19 individuals affected by more than or equal to one calf cramp per week the gastrocnemius of the predominantly affected leg was stimulated twice a week (intervention leg, IL) over six weeks (3 × 6 stimulation trains at 30 Hz above the individual cramp threshold frequency). The other leg served as control (CL).

Evaluation of foot position and orientation as manipulated variables to control external knee adduction moments in leg extension training.

Background And Objective: Effective leg extension training at a leg press requires high forces, which need to be controlled to avoid training-induced damage. In order to avoid high external knee adduction moments, which are one reason for unphysiological loadings on knee joint structures, both training movements and the whole reaction force vector need to be observed. In this study, the applicability of lateral and medial changes in foot orientation and position as possible manipulated variables to control external knee adduction moments is investigated.