Computer-aided diagnosis of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma using multi-phase abdomen CT.

Purpose: High mortality rate due to liver cirrhosis has been reported over the globe in the previous years. Early detection of cirrhosis may help in controlling the disease progression toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The lack of trained CT radiologists and increased patient population delays the diagnosis and further management.

Controlling Lipids AIDS in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Diseases.

Background: Abnormal lipid profiles are a characteristic feature of persons with chronic conditions in which the diabetic populations are recognized as the dominant group, regardless of gender and ethnicity worldwide. This study was conducted to identify and evaluate the abnormalities of serum lipid profiles in both nondiabetic and diabetic persons.

Methods: This study was a case-control investigation conducted between 2013 and 2015.

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury.

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common and serious postoperative complication of cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and it is the second most common cause of AKI in the intensive care unit. Although the complication has been associated with the use of CPB, the etiology is likely multifactorial and related to intraoperative and early postoperative management including pharmacologic therapy. To date, very little evidence from randomized trials supporting specific interventions to protect from or prevent AKI in broad cardiac surgery populations has been found.

Economic evaluation of intravenous iodinated contrast media in Italy.

Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is defined as a deterioration in renal function after administration of radiologic iodinated contrast media (CM). Iodixanol, showed a lower CI-AKI incidence than low-osmolar contrast media (LOCM). A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed comparing iodixanol and LOCM in intravenous (IV) setting in Italy.

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury.

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common and serious postoperative complication of cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and it is the second most common cause of AKI in the intensive care unit. Although the complication has been associated with the use of CPB, the etiology is likely multifactorial and related to intraoperative and early postoperative management including pharmacologic therapy. To date, very little evidence from randomized trials supporting specific interventions to protect from or prevent AKI in broad cardiac surgery populations has been found.

Effect of percutaneous ventricular assist devices on renal function.

Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are used to improve the systemic circulation and to decrease ventricular loading in patients with hemodynamic instability that is refractory to pharmacologic therapies. During an acute critical event, percutaneous devices are preferred because of their rapid deployment, since implantable devices require more extensive procedures. Implantable devices are used for patients with established end-stage heart failure as a bridge to heart transplantation, recovery or destination therapy.

Remote monitoring of peritoneal dialysis in special locations.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a therapy with all its advantages has not grown as would have been expected except in certain pockets, notably in Asia. In our opinion, from patient and their family interviews, a perception among prospective PD patients of inaccessibility to the referral PD Unit (RPU), usually for patients from rural areas in far flung places, inaccessible due to difficult terrain or long distances, play a strong role against the choice of PD as their modality choice for end-stage renal disease. We decided to address this issue by adopting novel initiatives such as easy access to the RPU through usage of internet and mobile phones from the patient homes especially in addressing the more clinically relevant infectious complications such as peritonitis and exit site infections with immediate treatment management responses from the RPU.