Per Capita Spending on Parks and Associations with Cardiovascular Disease and Other Health Outcomes.

Parks have been associated with more physical activity and better health, but the relationship between health and how funds are expended for park programming, maintenance, or other expenses has not yet been investigated. For the largest 100 US cities, the average spending for parks and recreation in 2022-2023 was $126 per capita, with $37.59 per capita for programming and $63.

Inhibition of energy metabolism in macrophages to block MPS for enhancing the chemotherapy efficacy.

Various biological barriers hinder the effective use of administered nanoparticles, with the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) being a major obstacle to their efficacy. Glucose metabolism is an important factor for macrophages to perform MPS clearance . In this study, energy metabolism-blocking nanoparticles PEG-S-S-PLA@RGD @Dox@BAY876 (RPDB NPs) were developed to change drug distribution in the body, improving the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Visible Light-Induced Tandem Radical Cyclization for the Synthesis of 2-(3-Cyanoalkyl)Substituted Quinoline Derivatives.

A highly efficient 6-endo-trig radical cyclization reaction between cyclobutanone oximes and 1-isocyano-2-vinylbenzenes via visible light-induced photoredox catalysis has been realized in the presence of 2 mol % of -Ir(ppy) as the photocatalyst, which gave rise to a variety of 2-(3-cyanoalkyl)substituted quinoline derivatives with moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.

Gender and Age Differences in the Evaluation and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Palpitations.

Background: Palpitations represent a common clinic complaint.

Objective: To explore gender and age differences in the evaluation and outcomes of patients with palpitations in outpatient settings.

Design/participants: This is a retrospective observational study of 58,543 patients with no known structural cardiac disease or arrythmias presenting to primary care and cardiology clinics in an integrated health system in California with palpitations between January 2017 and December 2021.

Prognostic Value of Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Across the Spectrum of Cardiovascular Risk.

Background: Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is widely used to identify ischemia. There is limited research to evaluate if there is a risk threshold below which SPECT-MPI may not add significant prognostic value.

Methods: Between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018, individuals who underwent SPECT-MPI were stratified into 4 risk groups.

Study on serum miR-185-5p in assessing the injury severity and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury.

Background: This study aims to explore whether serum miR-185-5p levels are related to the injury severity and prognosis of traumatic brain injury patients.

Methods: Serum miR-185-5p level was quantified in 120 TBI patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was used to grade the damage, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate the prognosis 3 months after TBI.

Cost-effectiveness of a 3-year tele-messaging intervention for positive airway pressure use.

Objectives: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a 3-year tele-messaging intervention for positive airway pressure (PAP) use in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study Design: A post hoc cost-effectiveness analysis (from US payers' perspective) of data from a 3-month tele-OSA trial, augmented with 33 months of epidemiologic follow-up.

Methods: Cost-effectiveness was compared among 3 groups of participants with an apnea-hypopnea index of at least 15 events/hour: (1) no messaging (n = 172), (2) messaging for 3 months (n = 124), and (3) messaging for 3 years (n = 46).

The impact of timing of initiating invasive mechanical ventilation in COVID-19-related respiratory failure.

Purpose: Optimal timing of initiating invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related respiratory failure is unclear. We hypothesized that a strategy of IMV as opposed to continuing high flow oxygen or non-invasive mechanical ventilation each day after reaching a high FiO2 threshold would be associated with worse in-hospital mortality.

Methods: Using data from Kaiser Permanente Northern/Southern California's 36 medical centers, we identified patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure who reached ≥80% FiO2 on high flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation.

Assessment of Disruptive Life Events for Individuals Diagnosed With Schizophrenia or Bipolar I Disorder Using Data From a Consumer Credit Reporting Agency.

Importance: There is a dearth of population-level data on major disruptive life events (defined here as arrests by a legal authority, address changes, bankruptcy, lien, and judgment filings) for patients with bipolar I disorder (BPI) or schizophrenia, which has limited studies on mental health and treatment outcomes.

Objective: To conduct a population-level study on disruptive life events by using publicly available data on disruptive life events, aggregated by a consumer credit reporting agency in conjunction with electronic health record (EHR) data.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study used EHR data from 2 large, integrated health care systems, Kaiser Permanente Southern California and Henry Ford Health.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors and Outcomes in Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Introduction Understanding racial/ethnic differences in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) lays the foundation for more equitable health care. This study evaluated racial/ethnic differences in risk factors, treatment, and outcomes in patients with AMI. Methods This retrospective study included patients aged 18-50 years hospitalized for AMI between 2006 and 2016.

High-dose corticosteroids in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia: an observational study of comparative effectiveness.

Objectives: To assess whether high- compared with low-dose corticosteroids started upon hospitalization reduce mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia or in subgroups stratified by severity of respiratory impairment on admission.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required oxygen supplementation upon hospitalization between March 1 and December 31, 2020. In-hospital death was analyzed using logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting of receiving low- or high-dose corticosteroid (dexamethasone 6-10 mg daily or >10-20 mg daily or other corticosteroid equivalents).

Anakinra or high-dose corticosteroids in COVID-19 pneumonia patients who deteriorate on low-dose dexamethasone: an observational study of comparative effectiveness.

Objectives: To assess whether escalating to high-dose corticosteroids or anakinra compared with continuing low-dose corticosteroids reduced mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 whose respiratory function deteriorated while receiving dexamethasone 6 mg daily.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study between March 1 to December 31, 2020, of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. In-hospital death was analyzed using logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting of receiving anakinra, high-dose corticosteroid (dexamethasone >10 mg daily), or remaining on low-dose corticosteroids on the day of first respiratory deterioration.

The intensity of anticoagulant dosing in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: An observational, comparative effectiveness study.

Background: The question of anticoagulant dosing in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is unresolved, with randomized trials showing mixed results and heterogeneity of treatment effects for in-hospital death.

Objective: To examine the association between the intensity of anticoagulation and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Design, Setting And Participants: Retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 and respiratory impairment who were hospitalized between 3/1/2020-12/31/2020 in two Kaiser Permanente regions.

Acute myocardial infarction in young adults with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in young patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to report their characteristics and clinical outcomes.

Background: Underlying renal dysfunction is a risk factor for poor cardiovascular outcomes in older patients. The implication of CKD in young patients with AMI is not well studied.

Acute myocarditis following a third dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in adults.

Introduction: Myocarditis has been reported following the second dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Whether administration of additional doses of COVID-19 vaccines further increases the risk of myocarditis is unknown.

Methods: We included individuals who received one to three doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 mRNA vaccine between 12/14/2020 and 2/18/2022.

Factors associated with weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: To limit transmission of COVID-19, state governments issued shelter-in-place orders. These orders coincided with a decrease in daily step count and an increase in overeating. We evaluated factors associated with weight gain of ≥ 15 pounds during the pandemic within an integrated health care system.

Safety and Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin for Treating Left Ventricular Thrombus.

Background: Patients with left ventricular thrombus are at high risk for ischemic stroke and systemic embolization. The mainstay of treatment is anticoagulation, but it remains unclear if direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are a safe and effective treatment strategy compared to warfarin. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DOACs compared to warfarin in an integrated health system in the United States.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Mortality in Patients Aged 60 to 90 Years.

Chronological age alone does not fully reflect a patient's prognosis. We sought to assess the association of cardiorespiratory fitness (quantified by METs) with all-cause mortality among patients aged 60 to 90 years. This retrospective study included patients who underwent exercise treadmill testing at an integrated healthcare system from 2011 to 2019.

Rapid Synthesis of Luotonin A Derivatives via Synergistic Visible-Light Photoredox and Acid Catalysis.

The merging of visible-light photoredox and acid catalysis allowed for an intramolecular Povarov cycloaddition reaction using eosin Y as the photocatalyst and TsOH·HO as the co-catalyst. A visible-light-promoted dehydrogenative cyclization protocol enabled the construction of Luotonin A derivatives with up to 97% yield.