Exercise Improves Myocardial Deformation But Not Cardiac Structure in Preterm-Born Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: People born preterm (<37 weeks' gestation) have a potentially adverse cardiac phenotype that progresses with blood pressure elevation.

Objectives: The authors investigated whether preterm-born and term-born adults exhibit similar cardiac structural and functional remodeling following a 16-week aerobic exercise intervention.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 203 adults (aged 18-35 years) with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension.

A machine learning-based score for precise echocardiographic assessment of cardiac remodelling in hypertensive young adults.

Aims: Accurate staging of hypertension-related cardiac changes, before the development of significant left ventricular hypertrophy, could help guide early prevention advice. We evaluated whether a novel semi-supervised machine learning approach could generate a clinically meaningful summary score of cardiac remodelling in hypertension.

Methods And Results: A contrastive trajectories inference approach was applied to data collected from three UK studies of young adults.

Aerobic exercise increases brain vessel lumen size and blood flow in young adults with elevated blood pressure. Secondary analysis of the TEPHRA randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Cerebrovascular changes are already evident in young adults with hypertension and exercise is recommended to reduce cardiovascular risk. To what extent exercise benefits the cerebrovasculature at an early stage of the disease remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate whether structured aerobic exercise increases brain vessel lumen diameter or cerebral blood flow (CBF) and whether lumen diameter is associated with CBF.

Aerobic Exercise Training Response in Preterm-Born Young Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure and Stage 1 Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Premature birth is an independent predictor of long-term cardiovascular risk. Individuals affected are reported to have a lower rate of [Formula: see text]o at peak exercise intensity ([Formula: see text]o) and at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold ([Formula: see text]o), but little is known about their response to exercise training. The primary objective was to determine whether the [Formula: see text]o response to exercise training differed between preterm-born and term-born individuals; the secondary objective was to quantify group differences in [Formula: see text]o response.

Differing Impact of Preterm Birth on the Right and Left Atria in Adulthood.

Background Preterm birth affects 10% of live births and is associated with an altered left ventricular and right ventricular phenotype and increased cardiovascular disease risk in young adulthood. Because left atrial (LA) and right atrial (RA) volume and function are known independent predictors of cardiovascular outcomes, we investigated whether these were altered in preterm-born young adults. Methods and Results Preterm-born (n=200) and term-born (n=266) adults aged 18 to 39 years underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Effect of moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise on blood pressure in young adults: The TEPHRA open, two-arm, parallel superiority randomized clinical trial.

Background: Exercise is advised for young adults with elevated blood pressure, but no trials have investigated efficacy at this age. We aimed to determine whether aerobic exercise, self-monitoring and motivational coaching lowers blood pressure in this group.

Methods: The study was a single-centre, open, two-arm, parallel superiority randomized clinical trial with open community-based recruitment of physically-inactive 18-35 year old adults with awake 24 h blood pressure 115/75mmHg-159/99 mmHg and BMI<35 kg/m.

Association of Preterm Birth With Myocardial Fibrosis and Diastolic Dysfunction in Young Adulthood.

Background: Preterm birth affects about 10% of live births worldwide and is associated with cardiac alterations. Animal models of preterm birth suggest that left ventricular functional impairment may be due to an up-regulation of myocardial fibrosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether diffuse left ventricular fibrosis is evident in young adults born preterm.

Proteomic Signature of Dysfunctional Circulating Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells of Young Adults.

Background A subpopulation of endothelial progenitor cells called endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) may offer a platform for cellular assessment in clinical studies because of their remarkable angiogenic and expansion potentials in vitro. Despite endothelial cell function being influenced by cardiovascular risk factors, no studies have yet provided a comprehensive proteomic profile to distinguish functional (ie, more angiogenic and expansive cells) versus dysfunctional circulating ECFCs of young adults. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed proteomic comparison between functional and dysfunctional ECFCs.

Left atrial strain predicts cardiovascular response to exercise in young adults with suboptimal blood pressure.

Aims: To investigate the left ventricular response to exercise in young adults with hypertension, and identify whether this response can be predicted from changes in left atrial function at rest.

Methods: A total of 127 adults aged 18-40 years who completed clinical blood pressure assessment and echocardiography phenotyping at rest and during cardiopulmonary exercise testing, were included. Measurements were compared between participants with suboptimal blood pressure ≥120/80mm Hg (n = 68) and optimal blood pressure <120/80mm Hg (n = 59).

Association of Systolic Blood Pressure Elevation With Disproportionate Left Ventricular Remodeling in Very Preterm-Born Young Adults: The Preterm Heart and Elevated Blood Pressure.

Importance: Preterm-born individuals have higher blood pressure with an increased risk of hypertension by young adulthood, as well as potentially adverse cardiac remodeling even when normotensive. To what extent blood pressure elevation affects left ventricular (LV) structure and function in adults born preterm is currently unknown.

Objective: To investigate whether changes observed in LV structure and function in preterm-born adults make them more susceptible to cardiac remodeling in association with blood pressure elevation.

Impaired myocardial reserve underlies reduced exercise capacity and heart rate recovery in preterm-born young adults.

Aims: We tested the hypothesis that the known reduction in myocardial functional reserve in preterm-born young adults is an independent predictor of exercise capacity (peak VO2) and heart rate recovery (HRR).

Methods And Results: We recruited 101 normotensive young adults (n = 47 born preterm; 32.8 ± 3.

Trial of exercise to prevent HypeRtension in young adults (TEPHRA) a randomized controlled trial: study protocol.

Background: Hypertension prevalence in young adults has increased and is associated with increased incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events in middle age. However, there is significant debate regards how to effectively manage young adult hypertension with recommendation to target lifestyle intervention. Surprisingly, no trials have investigated whether lifestyle advice developed for blood pressure control in older adults is effective in these younger populations.

Physiological Stress Elicits Impaired Left Ventricular Function in Preterm-Born Adults.

Background: Experimental and clinical studies show that prematurity leads to altered left ventricular (LV) structure and function with preserved resting LV ejection fraction (EF). Large-scale epidemiological data now links prematurity to increased early heart failure risk.

Objectives: The authors performed echocardiographic imaging at prescribed exercise intensities to determine whether preterm-born adults have impaired LV functional response to physical exercise.

Effects of Reduced Compression in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis on Pain, Anxiety, and Image Quality.

Background: Most women are reluctant to undergo breast cancer screenings due to the pain and anxiety they experience. Sectional three-dimensional (3-D) breasttomosynthesis was introduced to improve cancer detection, but breast compression is still used for the acquisition of images. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of reduced compression force on pain, anxiety and image quality in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT).