Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensors for Halogenated anti-Infective Agent Detection: A Review of Current Developments and Prospects.

The global struggle against infectious diseases represents a significant health issue that has persisted since ancient eras. Anti-infective agents are compounds that either prevent the spread of infectious pathogens or eradicate them. Halogens play a crucial role in the discovery and development of pharmaceuticals, as they are integral to synthesizing numerous drugs and medicinal compounds.

Butterfly Wing Microstructure Inspired Solid/Porous Alternating Layered Structures: In Situ Visualization of Confined Foaming.

This study explores confined foaming in micro-/nano-layered (MNL) solid/porous alternating structures inspired by the hierarchical architecture of Ulysses butterfly wings. Biomimetic MNL films composed of alternating polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) layers (17-513 layers) are fabricated via advanced coextrusion and foaming techniques. In situ visualization reveals confinement effects dependent on layer thickness; while nucleation primarily occurrs at PC/PMMA interfaces due to reduced energy barriers, a strong confinement zone within 10 µm of the interfaces significantly restricts cell growth, most notably in the 129-layer and 513-layer samples, where single-cell rows are observed.

Development of an electrochemical sensor using molecularly imprinted polymers for the specific determination of the antiretroviral drug ritonavir.

An innovative sensor technology is introduced that employs molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the electrochemical detection of ritonavir (RTV), a protease inhibitor utilized in HIV therapy. RTV is frequently used in combination with other drugs since it is also a significant inhibitor of the P450 3A4 isoenzyme. Therefore, accurate detection of RTV in complex mixtures and intricate biological matrices is necessary to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of RTV.

Voltammmetric Assessment and Examination of the Interactions between Levetiracetam and DNA: Experimental Research, Molecular Docking, and Modeling Studies.

Levetiracetam (LEV) is an innovative antiepileptic medication utilized for the management of diverse seizure types associated with epilepsy. The present study aims to elucidate the molecular interaction mechanisms between LEV and fish sperm DNA (dsDNA) through a combination of spectroscopic techniques, viscosity measurements, and molecular docking analyses. Spectroscopic investigations, including UV absorption and fluorescence, confirm the formation of a complex between LEV and dsDNA.

Innovative Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-Based Nanolayered Films: Balancing Mechanical and Gas Barrier Properties.

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), while offering exceptional gas barrier performance, faces significant challenges due to its extensive hydrogen bonding network. This structure limits its mechanical flexibility and creates processing difficulties, particularly during thermal melt processing, as the temperature window between melting and decomposition is narrow. To address these limitations, this study explores the multifunctional properties of nanostructured multilayer films composed of PVA and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH).

Investigating the interactions of Axitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with DNA: experimental studies, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Axitinib is an oral medication classified as a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It serves as a primary treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) due to its strong affinity for DNA, which leads to the disruption of the double helix structure. This disruption ultimately halts the cell cycle and induces senescence and mitotic catastrophe in RCC cells.

An in-depth study of clofarabine's binding mechanism to DNA: A thorough experimental and theoretical investigation.

The interaction of medicinal compounds with nucleic acids is a critical challenge in drug development. This research focused on the binding dynamics of clofarabine (CLO), an antineoplastic agent, with fish sperm DNA (dsDNA) under conditions that simulate the physiological environment at a pH of 7.4.

Electrochemical quantification based on the interactions of nucleoside analog cladribine with dsDNA via experimental and in-silico studies.

Cladribine is a deoxyadenosine analog prodrug originally developed to treat hairy-cell leukemia and other lymphoproliferative diseases. However, it is now primarily used in the treatment of relapsing types of multiple sclerosis (MS). Understanding how medications interact with dsDNA is crucial for developing more effective and efficient medications.

Quantitative study on a simple electrochemical dsDNA-pregabalin biosensor; multi-spectroscopic, molecular docking and modelling studies.

Pregabalin (PGB) is a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alkylated analog prescribed to treat neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and postherpetic neuralgia. Using analytical, spectroscopic methods and molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, a detailed experimental and theoretical investigation was conducted into the binding process and interactions between PGB and double-stranded fish sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA). It was evident from the collected experimental results that PGB binds with ds-DNA.

Development and Fabrication of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electroanalytical Sensor for the Determination of Acyclovir.

Acyclovir (ACV), a synthetic nucleoside derivative of purine, is one of the most potent antiviral medications recommended in the specific management of varicella-zoster and herpes simplex viruses. The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was utilized to create an effective and specific electrochemical sensor using a straightforward photopolymerization process to determine ACV. The polymeric thin coating was developed using the template molecule ACV, a functional monomer acrylamide, a basic monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, a cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and a photoinitiator 2-hydroxy-2-methyl propiophenone on the exterior of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE).

Quantification of mirtazapine in tablets via DNA binding mechanism; development of a new HPLC method.

Atypical antidepressant mirtazapine (MIR) is mostly prescribed for the management of major depressive disorder. The identification of MIR in pharmaceutical dosage forms was made possible by developing a novel, quick, sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) approach that was verified in accordance with ICH recommendations. In the first part of this study, HPLC investigations were optimized with regard to variables including pH, working column, mobile phase, temperature, and flow rate.

The Effect of Polymerization Techniques on the Creation of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensors and Their Application on Pharmaceutical Compounds.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have become more prevalent in fabricating sensor applications, particularly in medicine, pharmaceuticals, food quality monitoring, and the environment. The ease of their preparation, adaptability of templates, superior affinity and specificity, improved stability, and the possibility for downsizing are only a few benefits of these sensors. Moreover, from a medical perspective, monitoring therapeutic medications and determining pharmaceutical compounds in their pharmaceutical forms and biological systems is very important.