Effectiveness of injected versus topically applied platelet-rich plasma in diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized controlled trial with clinical and histopathological assessment.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to significant morbidity. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), rich in growth factors and cytokines, has emerged as a promising treatment to enhance ulcer healing. This study aimed to compare the clinical and histological efficacy of injected PRP versus topically applied PRP and traditional wound care in the management of DFUs.

Nodular morphea on the breast of a pregnant woman-case report and literature review.

Nodular lesions on the breast can be alarming for women and have a negative physical and psychological impact. The lesions might be underdiagnosed as keloid or overdiagnosed as malignancies. To reach an accurate diagnosis, pathological examination is required.

The diagnostic utility of the ultrasound TIRADS and Bethesda System of reporting thyroid cytology in thyroid nodule smaller than 4.0 cm: A retrospective analysis.

Thyroid nodules (TNs) are a common clinical issue, prevalent in the general population. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a vital diagnostic tool for the initial evaluation of TNs. This study aimed to determine the cytopathological patterns of thyroid nodules using the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (TBSRTC) and to assess the diagnostic role of both FNAC and ultrasonography in TNs <4 cm in diameter.

Pluripotent stem cell marker deficiency in salivary mucoepidermoid carcinoma with relevance to molecular profiling: An experimental study.

Aim: Salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a morphologically challenging tumor, harboring a canonical CRTC1/3:MAML2 fusion, if investigated. However, the large cohorts available did not invesitgate the diagnosed cases adequately; leaving any mucin-producing malignancy possible MECs although >50% of salivary gland tumors secret mucin luminally or extra-luminally. This study examined the expression of stem cell markers Nanog, SOX2, OCT4, and MENA in salivary MEC using immunohistochemistry and to confer, whether or not, they may have a potential role in defining the tumoral molecular profile.

Immunohistochemical Expression of Glucose Transporter-1 in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

: Glucose Transporter-1 (GLUT1) is the key target gene for hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which helps cells uptake glucose during cell division, malignant transformation, and nutrient depletion. Cancer hypoxia is a well-known condition caused by an oxygen imbalance in the cancer microenvironment. During chronic hypoxia, certain cancer cells can survive and adapt.

Lichen planus-the role of age and gender in clinical appearance and treatment : A narrative review.

Lichen planus is a common pruritic inflammatory disorder of the skin with an autoimmune background. It affects < 1% of the general population. The disease has significant comorbidities that must be considered in a holistic approach.

A Pedunculated Eccrine Poroma Presented as a Skin Tag on the Right Thigh of a Female Individual: A Case Report.

Poroma is a relatively rare benign adnexal neoplastic lesion that usually affects elderly patients in the extremities, with an unclear pathogenesis. It is notable for having a variety of morphological appearances that make diagnosis challenging, particularly when observed on an uncommon anatomical site. Here, we present a case of a woman in her mid-50s who presented with a skin pedunculated lesion over the right thigh.

Relation between Urine Cytological Findings and Renal Function in Patients with Kidney Stones in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

: Urine serves as a vital diagnostic fluid, and urine cytology analysis plays a crucial role in identifying urinary system illnesses such as bladder cancer and kidney stones. The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology establishes a uniform method for diagnosing urinary tract cancer. This study aimed to provide valuable insights that can inform diagnostic strategies related to kidney stones and ultimately improve patient outcomes via the early detection of the cellular changes associated with kidney stones and their relation to kidney function tests.

Localized retroperitoneal mass suspected malignancy: A rare case of unicentric Castleman's disease.

Key Clinical Message: Castleman's Disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal masses, especially in equivocal cases. Clinician should not presume all cases of retroperitoneal masses as a malignancy.

Abstract: Castleman's Disease is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, that can develop in lymph nodes or in extranodal sites.

Clinicopathological Aspects of Dilation and Curettage (D&C) Biopsies Taken from Patients Living at High Altitude in Taif, KSA, with a Special Emphasis on Chronic Endometritis.

Background: Chronic endometritis (CE) is a persistent inflammation of the uterine lining. Although it has a minimal clinical presentation, CE adversely affects the reproductive ability of women. The aims of this study were to detect pathological endometrial patterns in D&C biopsies and to evaluate chronic endometritis in patients living in a high-altitude area (1800 m above sea level) in order to determine the clinical pathological features and prevalence.

Surgical Excision of Palisaded Neutrophilic and Granulomatous Dermatitis of the Vulva: A Case Report.

Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis (PNGD) is an inflammatory cutaneous disorder of unknown etiology that typically occurs in association with systemic disease. Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus are the most common associated diseases. PNGD manifests as skin-colored to erythematous papules and plaques, mainly on the extremities.

The Role of Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Cancer Stem Cell Marker in Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent form of malignancy that is characterized by high mortality rates and prognosis that remain suboptimal, largely due to treatment resistance mechanisms. Recent studies have implicated cancer stem cells (CSCs), particularly those expressing epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), in HCC progression and resistance. In the present study, we sought to assess EpCAM expression in HCC patients and its correlation with various clinicopathological parameters.

Unusual presentation and histopathology of bilateral nasal polypi; cavernous hemangioma (right) and inverted papilloma (left).

Hemangiomas are common lesions in medical practice, but those arising in the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses are rare. Inverted papilloma is a rare benign tumor with a high incidence rate in both the nasal cavity and sinuses. The presence of both lesions in the same patient is even rarer.

Recent advances in three-dimensional ultrasound virtual cystoscopy in modeling and local staging for urothelial carcinoma with histopathological correlation: a cohort prospective study.

Background: Bladder urothelial carcinoma is an alarming urologic malignancy. Complex factors like modelling and local staging can affect treatment strategy. However, local staging, particularly the muscle invasion status, significantly influences decisions regarding treatment strategies.

Clinico-Pathological Features and Immunohistochemical Comparison of p16, p53, and Ki-67 Expression in Muscle-Invasive and Non-Muscle-Invasive Conventional Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma.

Introduction: The identification of bladder detrusor muscle invasion in urothelial cancer is essential for prognosis and management. We studied the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical expression of p16, p53, and Ki-67 in urothelial detrusor muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and urothelial non-detrusor muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in Egyptian patients.

Methods: Sixty-two bladder urothelial cancer cases obtained through TURBT were included and divided into two groups: (MIBC, stage T2) and NMIBC (T1).

Vitamin D status, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism, and haplotype in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis: Correlation with susceptibility and parasite load index.

Background: CL endemicity was reported worldwide including in Saudi Arabia, imposing a major challenge on the health authorities. Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) are key modulators of the immune response where the VDR is expressed. A remarkable lack of data exists in humans about the contribution of vitamin D and polymorphisms of the VDR gene in protozoan infections, especially cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).

HER2/neu expression status of post BCG recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinomas in relation to their primary ones.

Background: Transurethral resection (TUR) followed by adjuvant therapy is still the treatment of choice of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (NMIBUC). However, recurrence is one of the most troublesome features of these lesions. Early second resection and adjuvant BCG therapy has been shown to improve the outcome.

Pomegranate Seeds and Peel Ethanolic Extracts Anticancer Potentials and Related Genetic, Histological, Immunohistochemical, Apoptotic and Oxidative Stress Profiles: In vitro Study.

Introduction: Owing to their great quantity of hydrolyzable anthocyanins and tannins, the peel and seeds of pomegranate are edible and possess potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. This work aims to trace the pomegranate seed and peel ethanolic extracts' anticancer activity against liver cancer cell line, namely HepG2 and related histopathological, immunohistochemical, genetic and oxidative stress profile.

Methods: In vitro study for both seed and peel extract showed the prevalence of phenols, polyphenols and acids, those have anti-proliferative potential against liver cancer cell line (HepG2) with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of seed significantly reduced that of peel.

Sun-Exposed versus Sun-Protected Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma: Clinico-Pathological Profile and p16 Immunostaining.

Introduction: Although widespread, BCC is still relatively poorly understood in regards to pathogenesis and prognosis, particularly the lesions formed on anatomical sites away from sun exposure. With the aim of deepening our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinico-pathological correlations of BCCs, we conducted this study.

Methods: Tissue blocks and data of 52 Egyptian patients diagnosed with BCC were retrieved for clinical information and inclusion criteria, then re-examined histologically; p16 immunostaining was carried out and evaluated for analysis and comparison between the two groups, i.

An assessment of the role of surgical loupe technique in prevention of postthyroidectomy complications: a comparative prospective study.

Unlabelled: The magnification technique offered by surgical loupe is a new method that enhances visualization and helps head and neck surgeons with recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and parathyroid glands identification. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of using binocular surgical loupes in thyroidectomy procedures.

Material And Methods: Eighty patients with thyroid nodules who underwent thyroidectomy procedure were divided randomly into two comparable groups, group A subjected to thyroidectomy by using binocular magnification loupe, group B underwent conventional thyroidectomy without using magnification.

Reticulocyte Hemoglobin as a Screening Test for Iron Deficiency Anemia: A New Cut-Off.

Introduction: Latent iron deficiency (LID), in which iron stores in the body are depleted without incidental anemia, poses a key diagnostic challenge. Reticulocyte hemoglobin content (Ret-Hb) is directly correlated with the functionally available iron for heme synthesis in erythroblasts. Consequently, Ret-Hb has been proposed as an efficient iron status marker.

Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Strains of spp.: An Emerging Threat for Nosocomial-Borne Infection in Najran Region, KSA.

Multidrug-resistant strains are frequent causes of nosocomial infections. The majority of nosocomial infections, particularly in critical care units (ICU), have been linked to , which has major clinical significance. The current paper attempts to identify the potential risk and prognosis factors for acquiring an infection due to compared to that of other nosocomial bacteria.