Cardiac transplantation: A review of current status and emerging innovations.

Heart transplantation (HTx) is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage heart failure and has undergone remarkable advancements since the first successful transplant in 1967. The introduction of cyclosporine in the 1970s significantly improved patient outcomes, leading to a global increase in transplants, including in India, where the practice has grown despite initial challenges. This review provides an extensive overview of HTx, focusing on current practices, technological advancements, and the ongoing challenges the field faces today.

Myocardial ischemia in nonobstructive coronary arteries: A review of diagnostic dilemmas, current perspectives, and emerging therapeutic innovations.

Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries is a unique presentation of acute coronary syndrome occurring in patients without significant coronary artery disease. Its pathophysiology involves atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic mechanisms such as plaque erosion, coronary microvascular dysfunction, vasospasm, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and myocardial oxygen supply-demand imbalance. A systematic approach to diagnosis is needed due to the diverse range of underlying causes.

Exploring the attitudes of healthcare professionals towards primary healthcare in northwest Syria.

Background: Though primary healthcare (PHC) is an essential component of a robust health system, it remains under-developed and under-resourced in many fragile and conflict affected settings. In Syria, even pre-conflict, the health system had more emphasis on specialist and secondary care with weaker emphasis on PHC. This is beginning to change with investment from donors, international and humanitarian organisations; however, its implementation remains challenging, in part due to negative attitudes towards PHC among both physicians and patients.

Neuroprotective efficacy of berberine and caffeine against rotenone-induced neuroinflammatory and oxidative disturbances associated with Parkinson's disease via inhibiting α-synuclein aggregation and boosting dopamine release.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor impairment, glial-mediated inflammation, redox imbalance, and α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation. Conventional therapies relieve early PD symptoms, but they do not repair dopaminergic neurons. Berberine (BBR) and caffeine (CAF), both natural alkaloids, exhibited neuroprotective effects in many neurodegenerative disorders.

Synergistic ameliorating effect of dithiophenolate chitosan nanoparticle and Solanum nigrum combination against lead-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.

Lead (Pb) toxicity is one of the most common causes of human cardiotoxicity. We evaluated the therapeutic role of Solanum nigrum extract (SNE) and dithiophenolate-chitosan nanoparticle (DTP-CSNP) on Pb-induced cardiotoxicity in rats, and the results were compared with the dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, reference drug). Additionally, the combination effect of SNE and DTP-CSNP against Pb-induced cardiotoxicity was assessed.

The impact of air quality on cardiovascular health: A state of the art review.

Air pollution is a global health challenge, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and arrhythmias. Particulate matter (PM), particularly PM2.5 and ultrafine particles (UFP), is a key contributor to the adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular health.

MicroRNAs as Potential Orchestrators of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Pathologies: Insights on Current Status and Future Possibilities.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and deleterious neurodegenerative disease, strongly affecting the cognitive functions and memory of seniors worldwide. Around 58% of the affected patients live in low and middle-income countries, with estimates of increasing deaths caused by AD in the coming decade. AD is a multifactor pathology.

Lactoferrin-dual drug nanoconjugate: Synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of docetaxel and the NF-κB inhibitor celastrol.

Despite the progress in cancer nanotherapeutics, some obstacles still impede the success of nanocarriers and hinder their clinical translation. Low drug loading, premature drug release, off-target toxicity and multi-drug resistance are among the most difficult challenges. Lactoferrin (LF) has demonstrated a great tumor targeting capacity via its high binding affinity to low density lipoprotein (LDL) and transferrin (Tf) receptors overexpressed by various cancer cells.

Combination of magnetic targeting with synergistic inhibition of NF-κB and glutathione via micellar drug nanomedicine enhances its anti-tumor efficacy.

Breast cancer is not only one of the most prevalent types of cancer, but also it is a prime cause of death in women aged between 20 and 59. Although chemotherapy is the most common therapy approach, multiple side effects can result from lack of specificity and the use of overdose as safe doses may not completely cure cancer. Therefore, we aimed in this study is to combine the merits of NF-κB inhibiting potential of celastrol (CST) with glutathione inhibitory effect of sulfasalazine (SFZ) which prevents CST inactivation and thus enhances its anti-tumor activity.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Sudanese residents towards COVID-19.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and correct practices are crucial for the prevention of COVID-19.

Aims: This study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices of a sample of Sudanese residents towards COVID-19.

Dual-Targeted Lactoferrin Shell-Oily Core Nanocapsules for Synergistic Targeted/Herbal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Herein, both strategies of synergistic drug combination together with dual active tumor targeting were combined for effective therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, based on the tumor sensitizing action, the herbal quercetin (QRC) was co-delivered with the targeted therapeutic drug sorafenib (SFB), preformulated as phospholipid complex, via protein shell-oily core nanocapsules (NCs). Inspired by the targeting action of lactoferrin (LF) via binding to LF receptors overexpressed by HCC cells, LF shell was electrostatically deposited onto the drug-loaded oily core to elaborate LF shell-oily core NCs.