Effects of Gabapentin, Valsartan, and Codeine on hemato-biochemical and histological biomarkers of male catfish (Clarias gariepinus).

Pharmaceutical residues in aquatic environments are emerging contaminants of concern due to their potential sublethal and chronic impacts on aquatic organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the subacute toxicological effects of three widely used pharmaceuticals-gabapentin (GAB), valsartan (VAL), and codeine (COD)-on male African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish were randomly assigned to four groups: a control group and three treatment groups exposed for 15 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of GAB (79.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Sarcoaldosterol A Isolated From Heteroxenia fuscescens: Insights From In Vitro, In Silico, and Spectroscopic Studies.

Chronic inflammation is a key factor in the progression of many diseases, driving ongoing efforts to identify new and effective anti-inflammatory agents. Sarcoaldosterol A, a polyhydroxylated gorgostane steroid isolated from Heteroxenia fuscescens, was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro studies, molecular docking, and quantum chemical calculations. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and comparison with literature.

Synthesis, In vitro and In silico Studies of Novel Bis-triazolopyridopyrimidines from Curcumin Analogues as Potential Aromatase Agents.

Breast cancer remains a major global health issue, particularly affecting women and contributing significantly to mortality rates. Current treatments for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers, such as aromatase inhibitors, are effective but often come with side effects and resistance issues. This study addresses these gaps by targeting aromatase, an enzyme crucial for estrogen synthesis, which plays a pivotal role in breast cancer progression.

Repaglinide-Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Chitosan Patches for Transdermal Application: Box-Behnken Design, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation.

Background: Repaglinide (REP) is an antidiabetic drug with limited oral bioavailability attributable to its low solubility and considerable first-pass hepatic breakdown. This study aimed to develop a biodegradable chitosan-based system loaded with REP-solid lipid nanoparticles (REP-SLNs) for controlled release and bioavailability enhancement via transdermal delivery.

Methods: REP-SLNs were fabricated by ultrasonic hot-melt emulsification.

Metallothionein: Structural Analysis and Implications of Sustainable Heavy Metal Detoxification in Madinah.

Heavy metals, specifically cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), contaminating water bodies of Madinah (Saudi Arabia), is a significant environmental concern that necessitates prompt action. Madinah is exposed to toxic metals from multiple sources, such as tobacco, fresh and canned foods, and industrial activities. This influx of toxic metals presents potential hazards to both human health and the surrounding environment.

An In Silico Bioremediation Study to Identify Essential Residues of Metallothionein Enhancing the Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in .

Microorganisms are ubiquitously present in the environment and exert significant influence on numerous natural phenomena. The soil and groundwater systems, precipitation, and effluent outfalls from factories, refineries, and waste treatment facilities are all sources of heavy metal contamination. For example, Madinah, Saudi Arabia, has alarmingly high levels of lead and cadmium.

Exploring the dual effect of novel 1,4-diarylpyranopyrazoles as antiviral and anti-inflammatory for the management of SARS-CoV-2 and associated inflammatory symptoms.

COVID-19 and associated substantial inflammations continue to threaten humankind triggering death worldwide. So, the development of new effective antiviral and anti-inflammatory medications is a major scientific goal. Pyranopyrazoles have occupied a crucial position in medicinal chemistry because of their biological importance.

Design and Synthesis of Benzene Homologues Tethered with 1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Motifs Revealing Dual MCF-7/HepG2 Cytotoxic Activity with Prominent Selectivity via Histone Demethylase LSD1 Inhibitory Effect.

In this study, an efficient multistep synthesis of novel aromatic tricyclic hybrids incorporating different biological active moieties, such as 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole, was reported. These target scaffolds are characterized by having terminal lipophilic or hydrophilic parts, and their structures are confirmed by different spectroscopic methods. Further, the cytotoxic activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated using in vitro MTT cytotoxicity screening assay against three different cell lines, including HepG-2, MCF-7, and HCT-116, compared with the reference drug Taxol.