Combining Observations and Models: A Review of the CARDAMOM Framework for Data-Constrained Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling.

The rapid increase in the volume and variety of terrestrial biosphere observations (i.e., remote sensing data and in situ measurements) offers a unique opportunity to derive ecological insights, refine process-based models, and improve forecasting for decision support.

Genome-wide association study of rice vegetative growth under ammonium or nitrate nutrition.

Rice is the most important source of daily calories in human diets and second only to wheat as the most important protein source. Rice is generally exposed to high ammonium (NH) levels in the rhizosphere but may employ both NH and nitrification-derived nitrate (NO) as major sources of nitrogen. However, the genetic basis underlying rice adaptation to different nitrogen forms remains poorly characterized.

Combined Qualitative Assessment of Admission Shock Index, Base Deficit, and Lactate to Enhance Mortality Predication After Blunt Trauma.

IntroductionThe role of elevated shock index is increasingly recognized as a vital indicator in the assessment of mortality rates in trauma patients. Its role in combination with other parameters is crucial yet underexplored in predicting outcomes. We hypothesized that qualitative assessment of elevated admission shock index, elevated base deficit/excess, and elevated lactate in combination would best predict mortality after blunt trauma.

Diagnosing and managing hand and wrist injuries in the emergency department.

Injuries of the hand and wrist are commonly encountered in the emergency department. Though they are rarely life-threatening, there is potential for significant patient pain, morbidity, and long-term functional loss if they are not treated appropriately. A thorough and focused examination and plain radiographs are sufficient to diagnose most hand injuries, with outpatient referral to a hand specialist when indicated.