Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Adults and Children With Chiari 1 Malformation and in Those Managed Without Surgery: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: Chiari 1 malformation (CM1) is a common MRI finding and a frequent reason for neurosurgical consultation. Although many studies have investigated surgical outcomes for patients with CM1, outcomes for those treated without surgery have been less frequently reported. The UK Chiari 1 Study reports the quality of life of adults and children with CM1 treated without surgery, 12 months after the first neurosurgical clinic visit.

Effect of Celsior Cold Storage on Warm Ischemia-Induced Myocardial Plasma Membrane Damage and Pyroptosis in Human Hearts from Circulatory Death Donors.

Objective: Celsior solution (CS) is used for cold preservation of hearts from brain death donors but not for those from circulatory death donors (DCD). Plasma membrane repair proteins are crucial for maintaining myocardial integrity during ischemia. We compared the effects of CS cold preservation with normal saline (NS) on myocardial membrane disruption and pyroptosis in human DCD hearts, with varying warm ischemia times (WIT) and cold storage durations.

Long Term Outcomes after Re-Irradiation With Spine Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: Single Institutional Retrospective Experience.

Re-irradiation of spinal metastases using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) presents clinical challenges, with limited patient outcomes data to guide decision-making. We report a retrospective, single-institutional experience of 107 lesions treated in 91 patients. 88 (72%) lesions were initially irradiated with conventional radiotherapy (median equivalent dose of 33Gy to the target, interquartile range, IQR: 23-35 Gy) with a median time to re-irradiation of 12 months (IQR: 4-21 months).

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diagnosis and management of new brain tumours in children and young people (aged < 16 years old) in the UK.

Objective: This study aims to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, management, and clinical outcomes of children and young people (CYP) with brain tumours in England.

Design: UK-based retrospective observational study with two components. Nationwide brain tumour incidence data from the National Disease Registration Service was obtained (2015-2020) to study trends in newly diagnosed cases.

Unmasking the Hidden Threat: Conductive Under-Deposits and Their Role in Preferential Weldment Corrosion of Carbon Steel under Sour Conditions.

This work incorporates precorrosion conditioning and conductive deposits (FeS or FeS) to explore corrosion mechanisms across base metal (BM), weld metal (WM), and heat-affected zone (HAZ) regions under simulated sour conditions (NaCl (3.5 wt %), NaSO (1000 ppm), CHCOOH (100 ppm), CO, 60 °C, pH ∼ 4, and 1000 rpm). Electrochemical studies demonstrated various corrosion rates (CR) hierarchies (CS-BM (0.

Inference time correction based on confidence and uncertainty for improved deep-learning model performance and explainability in medical image classification.

The major challenge faced by artificial intelligence (AI) models for medical image analysis is the class imbalance of training data and limited explainability. This study introduces a Confidence and Entropy-based Uncertainty Thresholding Algorithm (CEbUTAl), which is a novel post-processing method, designed to enhance both model performance and explainability. CEbUTAl modifies model predictions during inference, based on uncertainty and confidence measures, to improve classification in scenarios with class imbalance.

Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions-A Harbinger of Meningitis and Hydrocephalus.

Cocaine is among the most commonly used recreational drugs in Scotland, contributing to significant socioeconomic and severe health challenges. The prevalence of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions (CIMDL) is rising due to increased cocaine insufflation. Here, we report a case of a patient who developed acute hydrocephalus and meningitis as complications of CIMDL due to long-term cocaine abuse.

In silico design and evaluation of a hydrophobic-hydrophilic combinatorial drug systems for targeted breast cancer therapy.

Combinatorial drugs are pharmacologically active compounds with molecular structures incorporating both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. These drugs utilize multiple mechanisms to enhance the therapeutic efficacy, overcoming the limitations of single drugs while providing a synergistic effect. In particular, Drug-drug conjugates act as versatile carriers, efficiently loading and delivering therapeutic agents to targeted sites, which improves treatment precision and outcomes.

Beyond the standard: a comprehensive review of innovative experimental models using Tenebrio molitor larvae.

Insects are considered as an alternative in vivo model for evaluating various biological activities. Among them, larvae stand out as experimental model due to the low economic value during maintenance, in addition to the low demand and easy handling. Tenebrio molitor larvae are receiving attention as alternative methods in determination of efficacy studies.

Temporal genomic dynamics shape clinical trajectory in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma evolution is characterized by the accumulation of genomic drivers over time. To unravel this timeline and its impact on clinical outcomes, we analyzed 421 whole-genome sequences from 382 patients. Using clock-like mutational signatures, we estimated a time lag of two to four decades between the initiation of events and diagnosis.

Proteogenomic characterization of invasive breast tumors in young women.

Breast cancer in women <40, accounting for ~5% of all breast cancer cases diagnosed in the U.S., is more aggressive and associated with worse outcomes compared to breast cancer in older women.

Thymoangiolipoma: A rare case of mediastinal tumor with a brief review of literature.

Thymoangiolipoma is an extremely rare benign tumor of the mediastinum, with very few cases reported in the literature. This case report details the presentation, imaging findings, histopathology features, and management of thymoangiolipoma in a 73-year-old woman who presented with symptoms attributable to a large anterior mediastinal mass. A brief review of the literature is also provided to contextualize the rarity and clinicopathological features of this entity.

Arthroscopy-Assisted Percutaneous Hill-Sachs Remplissage Repair.

Arthroscopic remplissage repair of the Hill-Sachs defect has been advocated for engaging or off-track presentation in recurrent shoulder instability. The various described techniques use specialized instruments to pass sutures across the tendon or deploy multiple anchors directly through the infraspinatus tendon and capsule to avoid suture-passing instruments. With either of these methods, pitfalls include a larger-than-required rent in the tissue compromising the tendon quality, along with technical challenges of placing the anchors, deltoid entrapment, the need for accessory portals, and the risk of suture off-loading compromising the repair.

Importance of Venorrhaphy in Combined Popliteal Artery and Popliteal Vein Injury: A Case Report and Description of the Surgical Technique.

Popliteal vein (PV) injuries, which are less common than popliteal artery (PA) injuries, present with significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. These injuries are associated with a wide range of injuries. Early recognition and interventions provide better outcomes.

Accelerated vascular ageing after COVID-19 infection: the CARTESIAN study.

Background And Aims: Increasing evidence suggests that COVID-19 survivors experience long-term cardiovascular complications possibly through development of vascular damage. The study aimed to investigate whether accelerated vascular ageing occurs after COVID-19 infection, and if so, identify its determinants.

Methods: This prospective, multicentric, cohort study, included 34 centres in 16 countries worldwide, in 4 groups of participants-COVID-19-negative controls (ⅰ) and three groups of individuals with recent (6 ± 3 months) exposure to SARS-CoV-2: not hospitalized (ⅱ), hospitalized in general wards (ⅲ), and hospitalized in intensive care units (ⅳ).

External Validation of the JAKPOT Score for Diagnosing -Positive Erythrocytosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

: Erythrocytosis is a common laboratory abnormality affecting approximately 4% of males and 0.4% of females. The JAKPOT score was recently developed to differentiate primary from secondary erythrocytosis without molecular testing.

Computational discovery of ATP-competitive GSK3β inhibitors using database-driven virtual screening and deep learning.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) is a pivotal serine/threonine kinase implicated in diverse pathological conditions, making it a compelling target for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we employed a structure-based drug discovery approach to identify novel ATP-competitive GSK3β inhibitors through a multi-tiered computational framework. Reported inhibitors from various repositories were systematically analysed to establish physicochemical and interaction-based filters, facilitating the rational curation of screening candidates.

The first morphological and molecular characterization of wing louse (Lipeurus caponis) from ornamental and indigenous chickens of West-Coast India.

Lice infestation in poultry presents a substantial challenge to poultry farmers, with adverse implications for bird health, welfare, and productivity. In this study, the outbreak of wing louse infestation was recorded in ornamental and improved indigenous chicken varieties of an organized poultry farm located in the west-coast of India during the winter season. The lice were found to be attached to the underside of the wings between the feather barbs on the primary or secondary wing feathers.

Safety, Efficacy, and Effectiveness of Coronary Sinus Reducer Implantation in Refractory Angina: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Previous coronary sinus reducer (CSR) meta-analyses in refractory angina (RA) focused on single-arm studies, capturing observed effectiveness-comprising the physical effect of CSR, contextual effects (eg, placebo), and non-treatment-related phenomena (eg, confounding). Efficacy evaluation requires comparative estimates from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), ideally double blind and placebo controlled, to isolate the physical effect.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CSR in RA and to compare its efficacy with observed effectiveness.

Distinct specificity and functions of PRC2 subcomplexes in human stem cells and cardiac differentiation.

The dynamic regulation of epigenetic states relies on complex macromolecular interactions. PRC2, the methyltransferase complex depositing H3K27me3, interacts with distinct accessory proteins to form the mutually exclusive subcomplexes PHF1-PRC2.1, MTF2-PRC2.

Longitudinal adipose tissue single cell transcriptomics reveals genes and variants regulating weight loss after bariatric surgery.

Ability to lose weight during different obesity treatments shows substantial variability between individuals and is likely under genetic control; however, the underlying predictive variants and weight loss genes remain unknown. Here we profiled longitudinal, single cell level adipose transcriptomes of individuals undergoing bariatric surgery to elucidate genes and their regulatory variants contributing to interindividual variability in weight loss outcomes. We identified wide-spread cellular and subcellular transcriptional changes to weight loss with most profound responses in adipocyte subtypes.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 3-[()-2-(2-bromo-4,5-di-meth-oxy-phen-yl)ethen-yl]-5,5-di-methyl-cyclo-hex-2-en-1-one.

In the title compound, CHBrO, which represents an isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclo-hexen-1-one) derivative, the cyclo-hexene ring adopts a twist-boat conformation. An intra-molecular C-H⋯Br hydrogen bond between a methine H atom and the Br substituent at the phenyl ring leads to the stabilization of the mol-ecular conformation. Inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds as well as π-π inter-actions are observed in the crystal.

Biomedical Prowess of Clitoria mariana (L.) Flower Methanolic Extract: A Comprehensive In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Evaluation.

Clitoria mariana L., a medicinal plant widely distributed in Asia, has long been used in folk medicine. This study investigates the biomedical potential of its methanolic flower extract.

Role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in oral cancer pathogenesis and their potential as therapeutic targets.

Several studies have shown the role of circRNAs in tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and recurrence, suggesting potential as a biological marker and target for therapy for preventing and therapeutic management of cancer. This systematic review summarizes the role of circRNA on OC signaling networks and reveals potential oral cancer (OC) treatment targets. The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines for study selection, synthesis, and dissemination.