Glutaric aciduria type-1 in a teenager with nutritional vitamin B deficiency: coexistence of two treatable conditions.

Nutritional deficiency-associated morbidity is still widespread in India and occurs due to various factors like lifestyle, diet and social and cultural issues. Here, we report a teenager who presented with symptoms and signs of vitamin B deficiency in association with a rare underlying metabolic disorder. A teenager in his early adolescence presented with acute febrile illness with clinical signs of hypopigmented hair, knuckle hyperpigmentation, dystonia and spasticity.

Development of Anti-CEA C2 Domain-Deleted Antibody (M5A∆C2) for the PET Imaging of Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Recombinant antibody fragments represent a novel class of in vivo biological immunoPET imaging agents. This study developed a series of anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) C2 domain-deleted antibodies to evaluate their rapid, high-level tumor targeting combined with fast blood clearance for immunoPET imaging in two colorectal cancer mouse models.

Procedure: A series of humanized anti-CEA M5A∆C2 recombinant antibody fragments were synthesized via transient mammalian expression and purified using a two-step process.

Early cognizance of folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in the prevention of cleft lip and palate- a questionnaire study.

Background: The awareness of the symbiotic correlation between folic acid and its role in preventing orofacial clefts in pregnant mothers needs to be established during the early gestational period, proving that consumption in both dietary and supplementation forms has positive effects on the mother and the developing fetus.

Aim: The present study raises awareness of the benefits and use of folic acid supplementation in the early phases of gestation.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted over 9 months.

Mammalian cell expressed recombinant trimeric spike protein is a potent vaccine antigen and confers near-complete protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hamster.

Numerous vaccine candidates have emerged in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, yet the challenges posed by viral evolution and the evasion of vaccine-induced immunity persist. The development of broadly protective vaccines is essential in countering the threat posed by variants of concern (VoC) capable of eluding existing vaccine defenses. Among the diverse SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates, detailed characterization of those based on the expression of the entire spike protein in mammalian cells have been limited.

Etiological and clinical profiles of patients with dysphagia: A teaching institution experience.

Background: Dysphagia can involve any structure from the mouth to the lower esophageal sphincter. The etiologies vary from benign causes to malignant lesions. There is dearth of data regarding dysphagia in our population.

Unusual direct immunofluorescence (DIF) pattern in pemphigus herpetiformis- A case report.

Pemphigus herpetiformis (PH) is an autoimmune intraepithelial bullous skin disorder. A 61-year-old female presented with history of multiple pruritic erosions, ulcers all over body, and diffuse loss of hair over scalp. Oral and genital mucosas were uninvolved.

Efficacy of pulse intravenous methylprednisolone in epileptic encephalopathy: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: High-level evidence for using steroids in epileptic encephalopathy (EE), other than West syndrome (WS), is lacking. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of pulse intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in EE other than WS.

Methods: This is an open-label evaluator-blinded randomised controlled study.

Impact of Covid-19 on gastrointestinal cancer surgery: A National Survey.

Purpose: To understand the actual impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and frame the future strategies, we conducted a pan India survey to study the impact on the surgical management of gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: A national multicentre survey in the form of a questionnaire from 16 tertiary care gastrointestinal oncology centres across India was conducted from January 2019 to June 2021 that was divided into a 15-month pre-Covid era and a similar period of active Covid pandemic era.

Results: There was significant disruption of services; 13 (81%) centres worked as dedicated Covid care centres and 43% reported suspension of essential care for more than 6 months.

Magnetic source imaging in presurgical evaluation of paediatric focal drug-resistant epilepsy and its predictive value of surgical outcome in lesional cases: A single-centre experience from South India.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the utility of magnetoencephalography in presurgical planning and in predicting post-surgical seizure outcome.

Methods: This study included a cohort of 231 children (1-18 years) with focal drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent MEG as a part of their presurgical workup. Characteristics of MEG observations were described in all children.

Impact of oral contraceptives on periodontal health.

Background: Oral contraceptives pills (OCPs) are common and a convenient form of contraception. The use of hormonal contraceptives by women has been considered to influence gingival and periodontal disease progression.

Aim: This study was conducted to assess the effect of oral contraceptive pills on the periodontal health.

Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease: A Rare Etiology for Rapidly Progressive Dementia.

Introduction: Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder pathologically characterized by localized neuronal loss, and presence of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in neurons and glial cells.

Case Report: A 50-year-old man presented with rapidly progressive dementia, behavioral changes, gait disturbances, and incontinence of 3 months duration. His brain magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse T2/FLAIR hyperintensity of basal ganglia, thalami, cerebral peduncles, ventral pons, and supratentorial white matter with a frontal predominance.

XCalibur aneurysm occlusion device for the treatment of direct carotid cavernous fistula: expansion of armamentarium.

We report the first case of a post-traumatic direct carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) treated with the XCalibur aneurysm occlusion device, which is a balloon mounted stent with flow diversion effect. Two devices were deployed across the fistula in an overlapping manner, resulting in complete occlusion of the fistula. Flow diversion with this device can provide a safe and alternative treatment option in direct CCF.

Quality of life of cancer patients.

Cancer is a one of the major public health problem both in developed and developing countries around the globe. Quality-of-life (QOL) of a cancer patient before and after the treatment is an important issue especially for the cancer survivors, their families, and the care providers. In cancer prospective, Quality-of-life can been defined as a sense of well-being, it is a multidimensional perspective that includes dimensions such as physical, psychological, social, and spiritual, changes in one QOL dimension can influence perceptions in other dimensions also.

Bidi smoking: an underestimated issue of Indian society.

Bidi smoking has always been an under-talked issue of Indian society. Bidis are rolled in tendu leaves which are non porous and have low combustibility due to which they affect the smoker's lungs even more. In spite of the increased toxicology associated with bidis, they are often ignored.

Screening for oral cancer.

Oral cancer is considered as a serious health problem resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Early detection and prevention play a key role in controlling the burden of oral cancer worldwide. The five-year survival rate of oral cancer still remains low and delayed diagnosis is considered as one of the major reasons.

Naphthalene poisoning manifesting as hemoglobinuria.

Reddish black discoloration of urine in absence of red blood cells (RBCs) can be a manifestation of hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria. We report a patient who was admitted for persistent vomiting. On 2(nd) day of admission, his urine turned reddish black.

Unusual occurrence of supratentorial medulloepithelioma in a young female.

Medulloepithelioma is an extremely rare PNET in late adolescence and adults with only two cases noted in literature. These are WHO grade IV tumors with dismal prognosis. Only few cases survived beyond 5 months.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) associated with HIV Clade C--is not uncommon.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare, subacute, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by JC virus. Studies of PML from HIV Clade C prevalent countries are scarce. We sought to study the clinical, neuroimaging, and pathological features of PML in HIV Clade C patients from India.

Rosai Dorfman disease: case with extensive dural involvement and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.

We report a young adult man who presented with chronic raised intracranial tension features and unusually progressive bilateral visual and hearing impairment of 18 months duration. MR imaging showed extensive dural involvement and contiguous orbital and spinal disease. Cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated persistent high lymphocytic pleocytosis.

Naturally occurring hydroxy napthoquinones and their iron complexes as modulators of radiation induced lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes.

The modulation of radiation induced lipid peroxidation in synaptosomes by iron (II) and iron (III) complexes of two naturally occurring and therapeutically relevant naphthoquinones viz. 5,hydroxy-1,4 naphthoquinone; juglone and 2,hydroxy-1,4 naphthoquinone; lawsone, have been studied. At lower concentrations the complexes enhance lipid peroxidation predominantly through redox cycling as observed for Fe(II)- juglonate while at higher concentrations the complexes tend to limit lipid peroxidation through fast recombinations.