Comparison of Navier-Stokes and lattice Boltzmann solvers for subject-specific modelling of intracranial aneurysms.

Modelling cardiovascular disease is at the forefront of efforts to use computational tools to assist in the analysis and forecasting of an individual's state of health. To build trust in such tools, it is crucial to understand how different approaches perform when applied to a nominally identical scenario, both singularly and across a population. To examine such differences, we have studied the flow in aneurysms located on the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery using the commercial solver Ansys CFX and the open-source code HemeLB.

Health Care Professionals' Experiences Regarding Facilitators of and Barriers to Sustained Use of Social Robot Ivy for People With Intellectual Disabilities: Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Labor shortages in health care pose significant challenges to sustaining high-quality care for people with intellectual disabilities. Social robots show promise in supporting both people with intellectual disabilities and their health care professionals; yet, few are fully developed and embedded in productive care environments. Implementation of such technologies is inherently complex, requiring careful examination of facilitators and barriers influencing sustained use.

Bevacizumab for refractory gastrointestinal angiodysplasia: a case report and literature review.

Currently, symptomatic gastrointestinal (GI) angiodysplasia is treated with argon plasma coagulation (APC) via endoscopic procedures, supplemented with octreotide or thalidomide treatment. However, suboptimal response and side effects are often seen. Bevacizumab, an angiogenesis inhibitor, may provide an alternative systemic therapy for patients with refractory GI angiodysplasia.

The PROtective VEntilation (PROVE) Network - advancing research and collaboration in mechanical ventilation.

The PROtective VEntilation (PROVE) Network is a globally-recognized collaborative research group dedicated to advancing research, education, and collaboration in the field of mechanical ventilation. Established to address critical questions in intraoperative and intensive care ventilation, the network focuses on improving outcomes for patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in diverse settings, including operating rooms, intensive care units, burn units, and resource-limited environments in low- and middle-income countries. The PROVE Network is committed to generating high-quality evidence through a comprehensive portfolio of investigations, including randomized clinical trials, observational research, and meta-analyses.

The Role of Enoxaparin in Influenza Virus Infections and Its Therapeutic Implications.

Frequent emergence of respiratory viruses with pandemic potential, like SARS-CoV-2 or influenza, underscores the need for broad-spectrum prophylaxis. Existing vaccines show reduced efficacy against newly emerged variants, and the ongoing risk of new outbreaks highlights the importance of alternative strategies to prevent infection and viral transmission. As respiratory viruses primarily enter through the nose, formulations targeting the nasal epithelium are attractive candidates to neutralize pathogens and thus prevent or minimize infection.

Interface Modes in Inspiralling Neutron Stars: A Gravitational-Wave Probe of First-Order Phase Transitions.

At the extreme densities in neutron stars, a phase transition to deconfined quark matter is anticipated. Yet masses, radii, and tidal deformabilities offer only indirect measures of a first-order phase transition, requiring many detections to resolve or being ineffective observables if the discontinuity exists at lower densities. We report on a smoking-gun gravitational-wave signature of a first-order transition: the resonant tidal excitation of an interface mode.

Cortical networks with multiple interneuron types generate oscillatory patterns during predictive coding.

Predictive coding (PC) proposes that our brains work as an inference machine, generating an internal model of the world and minimizing predictions errors (i.e., differences between external sensory evidence and internal prediction signals).

Evaluating the effect of interactive two-way texting on 6-month antiretroviral therapy outcomes: Findings from a randomized controlled trial in Lilongwe, Malawi.

Retention on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for achieving viral load suppression (VLS) among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Retention remains challenging in high-prevalence settings like Malawi. Short messaging service (SMS) interventions, particularly hybrid two-way texting (2wT), show promise in improving ART retention.

Observation of Three Resonant Structures in the Cross Section of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}h_{c}.

Using e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing electron positron collider, the cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}h_{c} is measured at 59 points with center-of-mass energy sqrt[s] ranging from 4.009 to 4.950 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 22.

Separating Terahertz Spin and Charge Contributions from Ultrathin Antiferromagnetic Heterostructures.

Femtosecond laser excitation of nanometer thin heterostructures comprising a heavy metal and a magnetically ordered material is known to result in the emission of terahertz radiation. However, the nature of the emitted radiation from heavy metal/antiferromagnet heterostructures has sparked debates and controversies in the literature. Here, we unambiguously separate spin and charge contributions from Pt/NiO heterostructures by introducing an unprecedented methodology combining high external magnetic fields with a symmetry analysis of the emitted terahertz polarization.

Potential impact, costs, and benefits of population-wide screening interventions for tuberculosis in Viet Nam: A mathematical modelling study.

Population-wide screening may accelerate the decline of tuberculosis (TB) incidence, but the optimal screening algorithm and duration must weigh resource considerations. We calibrated a deterministic transmission model to TB epidemiology in Viet Nam. We simulated three population-wide screening algorithms from 2025: sputum nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra) only; chest radiography (CXR) followed by NAAT; and CXR-only without microbiological confirmation.

Identification of potential inflammation markers for outgrowth of cow's milk allergy.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) is an immune-mediated reaction to cow's milk (CM). Non-IgE-mediated CMA resolves in most children in the first years of life, whereas IgE-mediated CMA outgrowth is often later or not at all. The exact mechanisms underlying resolution of IgE-mediated CMA are not fully understood.

Are the Clinical Outcomes of Lumbar Stenosis in Achondroplasia Associated With the Severity of Stenosis and Sagittal Balance?

Background: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is common in adults with achondroplasia and predisposes individuals to neurogenic claudication. It remains unverified whether the severity of stenosis in patients with achondroplasia is associated with clinical outcomes. Similarly, the role of sagittal balance parameters in clinical outcomes has not been determined.

The Minoan Thera eruption predates Pharaoh Ahmose: Radiocarbon dating of Egyptian 17th to early 18th Dynasty museum objects.

The huge volcanic eruption at Thera (Santorini), situated in the Aegean Sea, occurred within the Late Minoan IA archaeological period. However, its temporal association with Egyptian history has long been a controversial subject. Traditionally, the eruption was placed in the early 18th Dynasty, associated with Pharaoh Thutmose III as the youngest option or with Pharaoh Nebpehtire Ahmose as the oldest possibility.

How to make an app-based program work and show how it works.

For digital health interventions, the "gold standard" of evaluating effectiveness is the randomized control trial (RCT). Yet, RCT methodology presents issues such as precluding changes to the technology during the study period as well as the use of study settings that do not reflect "real world" contexts. In this paper, we draw on empirical material from our ethnographic research on an app-based program called HIVSmart!, which is a digital strategy designed to support people in the process of HIV self-testing.

Cryo-EM structure of a type VI secretion system-delivered membrane-depolarizing toxin involved in bacterial antagonism.

Many Gram-negative bacteria use type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) to deliver toxic effector proteins into neighboring cells. Proteins in the VasX toxin family form ion-permeable channels in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane that dissipate the proton motive force, thereby interfering with essential physiological processes. However, the structure of any VasX family effector has remained unknown.

Prevention of Incisional Hernias With Prophylactic Synthetic Mesh Placement During Stoma Reversal: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Stoma reversal is associated with few complications. However, recent studies show that 1 in 3 patients develop an incisional hernia, for which half of the patients receive surgical correction.

Objective: To investigate whether prophylactic synthetic mesh placement in the retromuscular space during stoma reversal reduces the rate of stomal site incisional hernias.

Lateralised modulation of posterior alpha oscillations by closed loop auditory stimulation during memory retention.

Alpha oscillations have been implicated in the maintenance of working memory representations. Notably, when memorised content is spatially lateralised, the power of posterior alpha activity exhibits corresponding lateralisation during the retention interval, consistent with the retinotopic organisation of the visual cortex. Beyond power, alpha frequency has also been linked to memory performan ce, with faster alpha rhythms associated with enhanced retention.

Eco Friendly and Budget Smart: An Economic and Environmental Evaluation of Alternative PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibitor Dosing Regimens.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are clinically beneficial but associated with high costs that represent a growing challenge for healthcare budgets and may affect affordability, especially in resource-limited settings. Moreover, the healthcare sector is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions, and medication-related waste-such as that from vial-based therapies-has been identified as a contributing factor. Alternative dosing strategies could reduce the environmental and financial impact of ICI therapy while maintaining clinical safety and efficacy.

Aortic hemorrhage following anastomotic leakage after esophagogastric surgery before and after implementation of endoscopic vacuum therapy.

Background: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) has been established as a safe and effective treatment for anastomotic leakage. While rare, major aortic hemorrhage has been reported as a severe complication potentially associated with EVT. However, significant hemorrhages have also been observed in patients with transmural defects in the upper gastrointestinal tract, without the use of EVT.

Transition of patients with hereditary nephropathies from pediatric to adult care.

Adolescents and young adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those with genetic kidney diseases, face unique challenges as they transition from pediatric to adult nephrology care. This period is marked not only by changes in healthcare providers but also by significant developmental, psychosocial, and medical complexities. In response, the ERA Working Group on Genes and Kidney and the ESPN Working Group on Inherited Kidney Diseases have collaborated to develop practical advice for healthcare professionals involved in transition care across Europe and beyond.

Small Interfering RNA Therapy Targeting the Long Noncoding RNA SMILR for Therapeutic Intervention in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Failure.

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains the gold standard of care to prevent myocardial ischemia in patients with advanced atherosclerosis; however, poor long-term graft patency remains a considerable and long-standing problem. Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation in the grafted tissue is recognized as central to late CABG failure. We previously identified SMILR, a human-specific SMC-enriched long noncoding RNA that drives SMC proliferation, suggesting that targeting SMILR expression could be a novel way to prevent neointima formation, and thus CABG failure.

[Naevus of Ito in a Dutch adult].

This case report describes the presence of an acquirednaevus of Ito on a 78-year-old Dutch male. Naevus of Ito is a blue-grey discolouration that most commonly presents on Asian individuals during childhood. It is exceedingly rare for this naevus to occur later in life in a non-Asian individual.

Spectral Photon-Counting Detector Coronary CTA With Reduced Radiation and Contrast Media Doses in Inflammation-Associated Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Study.

Patients with inflammation-associated coronary artery disease (CAD) may exhibit rapid progression and require regular coronary imaging. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of spectral photon-counting detector (PCD) coronary CTA with reduced radiation and contrast media doses for detecting coronary stenosis and in-stent restenosis in patients with inflammation-associated CAD. This prospective study enrolled patients with inflammation-associated CAD from January 2023 to March 2024.