An overview of recent advances in the prevention of erythroblastosis fetalis.

Erythroblastosis fetalis is one of the leading causes of death among newborns and fetuses in India. This condition is characterized by maternal immunoglobin G antibodies destroying the red blood cells (RBCs) of the neonate or fetus, resulting in potentially life-threatening consequences. When a mother with an Rh-positive blood group has a fetus with an Rh-negative blood group, the fetal RBCs trigger maternal antibodies against Rh-antigens.

Heavy metal pollution assessment and bioremediation potential of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolated from Buckingham canal, Chennai.

The present study investigates the physicochemical, heavy metal, and microbiological characteristics of water and sediment samples from the Buckingham Canal, Chennai, to assess environmental pollution and explore the bioremediation potential of native bacterial isolates. The water and sediment samples revealed the concentration of heavy metals in the sequence Zn > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cr and Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Pb. Among 25 isolates, BCSS04 showed exceptional resistance, tolerating up to 2100 ppm (Pb), 1900 ppm (Zn, Mn, and Cr), and 1300 ppm (Cu), identified as Proteus mirabilis through 16S rRNA sequencing (GenBank accession: PP980976.

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and the Role of Antibiotic Stewardship in a Secondary Care Hospital.

Background: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has emerged as a critical global health challenge, with bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites developing the capacity to survive antimicrobial treatments. This resistance, largely driven by increased antibiotic usage, threatens public health by diminishing the effectiveness of current infection management strategies.

Aim And Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of prevalent pathogens in a secondary care hospital, highlighting the essential role of clinical pharmacists in addressing AMR through the implementation of Antibiotic Stewardship Programs (ASPs) to promote responsible antibiotic use.

Mycoremediation of heavy metals by Curvularia lunata from Buckingham Canal, Neelankarai, Chennai.

The spread and mobilization of toxic heavy metals in the environment have increased to a harmful level in recent years as a result of the fast industrialization occurring all over the world to meet the demands of a rising population. This research aims to analyze and evaluate the mycoremediation abilities of fungal strains that exhibit tolerance to heavy metals, gathered from water samples at Buckingham Canal, Neelankarai, Chennai. Water samples were examined for heavy metal analysis, and the highest toxic heavy metals, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cu, and Cr, were recorded.

Characterization of Crude Oil Degrading Marine Bacterium .

The spillage of petroleum hydrocarbons, one of the most versatile energy resources, leads to disastrous environmental pollution. The present study aims to degrade oil using enzymes from bacterial strains. A total of 39 bacteria were isolated from six different soil samples collected from Ullal Beach, Mangalore, Karnataka, located at 12°52'N latitude and 74°49'E longitude, India.

Bibliometric analysis of artificial intelligence in healthcare research: Trends and future directions.

Objective: The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is a powerful and game-changing force that is completely transforming the industry as a whole. Using sophisticated algorithms and data analytics, AI has unparalleled prospects for improving patient care, streamlining operational efficiency, and fostering innovation across the healthcare ecosystem. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research on AI in healthcare, utilising the SCOPUS database as the primary data source.

Efficacy of a Four-Week Diagonal Pattern Exercise Program on Trunk and Lower Limb Function in Patients With Stroke-Induced Hemiplegia.

Objective The intended effect of this investigation is to quantify the efficacy of a four-week program of diagonal pattern exercises in managing trunk impairments and improving gait difficulties in hemiplegic stroke subjects. The study aims to measure changes in trunk stability and gait parameters post-intervention, providing insights into the potential therapeutic benefits of these exercises for stroke rehabilitation. Methodology This experimentation approach encompassing before and the follow-up test evaluations was implemented in this investigation.

Preparation of self-preserving personal care cosmetic products using multifunctional ingredients and other cosmetic ingredients.

The development of self-preserving personal care cosmetics represents a significant advancement in the cosmetics industry, offering safer and more natural alternatives to consumers. This study focused on the preparation of such formulations using multifunctional ingredients along with other cosmetic components. Five unique multifunctional ingredients (MFIs) were identified based on their antimicrobial properties: sodium coco PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, ricinoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, raspberry ketone, and sorbitan caprylate.

Plant disease recognition using residual convolutional enlightened Swin transformer networks.

Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economic development of a nation, but, growth of agriculture is affected badly by the many factors one such is plant diseases. Early stage prediction of these disease is crucial role for global health and even for game changers the farmer's life. Recently, adoption of modern technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and deep learning concepts has given the brighter light of inventing the intelligent machines to predict the plant diseases before it is deep-rooted in the farmlands.

Polyethylene terephthalate waste derived nanomaterials (WDNMs) and its utilization in electrochemical devices.

Plastics are a vital component of our daily lives in the contemporary globalization period; they are present in all facets of modern life. Because the bulk of synthetic plastics utilized in the market are non-biodegradable by nature, the issues associated with their contamination are unavoidable in an era dominated by polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is extensively used in industries such as automotive, packaging, textile, food, and beverages production represents a major share of these non-biodegradable polymer productions.

anti-prostate adenocarcinoma and lung cancer studies of phenoxyaniline--poly(methyl methacrylate) based nanocomposites controlled radical polymerization.

A phenoxyaniline-based macroinitiator is utilized for the first time in order to produce phenoxyaniline--poly(methyl methacrylate) composites through single electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP) under mild conditions. A different weight percentage of Cloisite 93A is added into the polymer mixtures in order to increase their biochemical properties. The prepared block copolymer nanocomposites are characterized using ATR-IR, UV-vis-spectroscopy, XRD, Raman, TGA, DSC, a particle size analyzer, contact angle measurements and SEM in order to characterize their structural, thermal, surface and morphological properties.

Environmentally benign, bright luminescent carbon dots from IV bag waste and chitosan for antimicrobial and bioimaging applications.

Luminescent carbon dots have gained significant attention in various fields due to their unique optical properties and potential applications. Here, the study was aimed to propose a novel and sustainable approach for the synthesis of luminescent carbon dots (ICDs) using IV (Intravenous) medical bag waste. The ICDs were synthesized through a facile and cost-effective method that involved the carbonization of IV bag waste followed by surface functionalization with chitosan.

An Electro-Oculogram (EOG) Sensor's Ability to Detect Driver Hypovigilance Using Machine Learning.

Driving safely is crucial to avoid death, injuries, or financial losses that can be sustained in an accident. Thus, a driver's physical state should be monitored to prevent accidents, rather than vehicle-based or behavioral measurements, and provide reliable information in this regard. Electrocardiography (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG), electrooculography (EOG), and surface electromyography (sEMG) signals are used to monitor a driver's physical state during a drive.

RGO nanosheet wrapped β-phase NiCuS nanorods for advanced supercapacitor applications.

A new integration strategy of transition metal sulfide with carbon-based materials is used to boost its catalytic property and electrochemical performances in supercapacitor application. Herein, crystalline reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrapped ternary metal sulfide nanorod composites with different rGO ratios are synthesized using hydrothermal technique and are compared for their physical, chemical, and electrochemical performances. It is found that their properties are tuned by the weight ratios of rGO.

Green synthesis of curcumin-silver nanoparticle and its modified electrode assisted amperometric sensor for the determination of paracetamol.

Contamination of paracetamol, a primary analgesic was wide spread in the water system that affects the eco-system. High-dosage of paracetamol to humans cause organ damages and showed adverse effect. It is important to monitor the paracetamol concentration in environmental and human samples periodically.

Modelling and targeting mitochondrial protein tyrosine phosphatase 1: a computational approach.

The present research scintillates on the homology modelling of rat mitochondrial protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (PTPMT1) and targeting its activity using flavonoids through a computational docking approach. PTPMT1 is a dual-specificity phosphatase responsible for protein phosphorylation and plays a vital role in the metabolism of cardiolipin biosynthesis, insulin regulation, etc. The inhibition of PTPMT1 has also shown enhanced insulin levels.

The porin AaxA protein model from Chlamydia pneumonia.

Chlamydophila pneumoniae is an intracellular pathogen accountable for various acute respiratory infections. C. pneumoniae has a gene cluster which encodes a putative outer membrane porin (aaxA), arginine decarboxylase (CPn1032 or aaxB) and a putative cytoplasmic membrane transporter (CPn1031 or aaxC).

Quercetin-rGO based mercury-free electrode for the determination of toxic Cd (II) and Pb (II) ions using DPASV technique.

Metal ion pollution poses serious threat to environment. Analysis of Cd (II) and Pb (II) ions using chemically modified mercury free electrode is a feasible routine analytical tool. Developing an electrode surface modified with conductive 2D carbon and metal complexing ligand created a synergetic effect towards sensitive and selective electrochemical determination of metal ions.

Molecular docking, validation, dynamics simulations, and pharmacokinetic prediction of natural compounds against the SARS-CoV-2 main-protease.

The study aims to evaluate the potency of two hundred natural antiviral phytocompounds against the active site of the Severe Acquired Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Main-Protease (M) using AutoDock 4.2.6.

Oxalobacter formigenes reduce the risk of kidney stones in patients exposed to oral antibiotics: a case-control study.

This is the first prospective study to investigate the association between kidney stones, bone mineral density, serum testosterone, colon cancer and O. formigenes colonization. 40 kidney stone patients and 85 controls were enrolled.

Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib is not an ideal option for management of COVID-19.

The Wuhan outbreak of novel Corona virus infection has been the global focus since December 2019. This infection has become a global pandemic. It is highly important to understand the virology of the pathogen and to explore the therapeutic options for management of this pandemic.

A validation study of questionnaire towards mobile based health applications in uncontrolled diabetic population of India (South).

Background: Mobile applications have the potential to provide needed support for older adults with diabetes. The field of medical application is currently one of the most dynamic in application development and medicine.

Objective: This study was designed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of uncontrolled diabetic patients towards mobile based health applications.