Extemporaneous Compounding, Pharmacy Preparations and Related Product Care in the Netherlands.

: In many parts of the world, pharmacists hold the primary responsibility for providing safe and effective pharmacotherapy. A key aspect is the availability of appropriate medicines for each individual patient. When industrially manufactured medicines are unsuitable or unavailable, pharmacists can prepare tailor-made medicines.

Broad-spectrum synthetic carbohydrate receptors (SCRs) inhibit viral entry across multiple virus families.

Viral pandemics continue to threaten global health and economic stability. Despite medical advances, the absence of broad-spectrum antivirals (BSAs) prevents rapid responses to emerging viral threats. This is largely due to the lack of universal drug targets across diverse viral families and high variability among viral proteins.

Morphodynamics and management challenges for beaches in modified estuaries and bays.

There is a relative lack of research, targeted models and tools to manage beaches in estuaries and bays (BEBs). Many estuaries and bays have been highly modified and urbanised, for example port developments and coastal revetments. This paper outlines the complications and opportunities for conserving and managing BEBs in modified estuaries.

Applicability of guideline-informing lipid-lowering clinical trials to contemporary real-world patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Background: Lipid-lowering randomized clinical trials (RCTs) inform guideline recommendations for secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, these trials were often conducted decades ago using strict eligibility criteria, which may limit their applicability to today's diverse ASCVD population. This study compared clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes between trial-eligible and ineligible real-world ASCVD patients.

Trans*, inter*, and non-binary (TIN*) people's desire of parenthood and concrete fertility intentions in Germany.

Background: Trans*, inter*, and non-binary (TIN*) individuals often face unique challenges in navigating societal, legal and institutional barriers to parenthood compared to cisgender sexual minority people. A prerequisite to adequately support this population is understanding their desire to become parents, expectations of barriers and concrete fertility intentions.

Aims: This study systematically investigates the parenthood desires and concrete fertility intentions among TIN* individuals compared to cisgender sexual minority people in Germany to deepen our understanding of TIN* desire for parenthood.

Central Nervous System-Active Medications and Risk of Hospital Readmission in Older Multimorbid Adults.

Background: Polypharmacy is associated with adverse outcomes, particularly in older multimorbid adults. However, little is known about the negative outcomes associated with multiple central nervous system (CNS)-active medications that are commonly prescribed to these patients.

Objective: To assess the association between the number of CNS-active medications at discharge and the risk of 1-year all-cause hospital readmission, drug-related hospital readmission (DRA), death, quality of life (QoL) and functional status in older multimorbid adults.

Hybrid Interfacial Modulation for Stabilizing Anode-Less Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Guided Lithium Nucleation and Polysulfide Regulation.

Anode-less lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer a promising route to high energy density and cost-effective energy storage, yet suffer from unstable Li deposition and polysulfide crossover at the current collector interface. Here, we introduce a hybrid interfacial modulation layer (HIML) designed to simultaneously regulate dendrite-free Li deposition behavior and block polysulfide migration. The HIML consists of lithiophilic Au nano seeds coated with a porous ionic-selective overlayer, enabling guided, uniform Li nucleation and selective Li transport.

Surgical myectomy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: procedural volume and outcomes.

Background And Aims: Outcomes after surgical myectomy in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients have not been investigated in a multicentre registry with detailed clinical data. Hence, the objectives of this multicentre Dutch study are to describe the 30-day clinical outcomes after surgical myectomy, and to assess factors associated with increased 30-day complication rates.

Methods: All HOCM patients (n = 335) who underwent surgery between 2012 and 2020 across 12 Dutch hospitals were analysed using data from the Netherlands Heart Registration.

Warming drinking water distribution systems in the context of climate change: a scoping review on health-related microbial and chemical water quality effects.

Warming caused by climate change can impact human health risks associated with drinking water. This review aimed to synthesize the evidence about the effects of increasing temperatures in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) on health-related chemical and microbial water quality parameters. We also identified adaptation options.

Exercise parameters to consider for Achilles tendinopathy: a modified Delphi study with international experts.

To assess the level of agreement among experts on the heel raise exercise parameters that influence midportion and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (AT) rehabilitation outcomes.An international expert panel in AT rehabilitation was invited to complete a three-round Delphi survey. In the first two rounds, experts were asked to review a pregenerated list of exercise parameters (based on the heel raise exercise) and rate their perceived influence on rehabilitation outcome, using a 5-point Likert scale.

Noninvasive Monitoring of Inflammatory Processes by Myeloid Cell-Directed PET Tracers in an Experimental Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Model.

Monitoring the presence and distribution of distinct immune cell populations is key in deciphering immunopathologic disease mechanisms. Considering the crucial role of myeloid cells in provoking hyperinflammatory responses associated with coronavirus disease 2019, a camelid-derived single-domain antibody specifically recognizing human signal-regulatory protein-α (SIRPα) as a biomarker for myeloid cells has been generated and radiolabeled with Cu, that is, [Cu]copper-SIRPα-nanobody ([Cu]Cu-SIRPα-Nb), for in vivo PET imaging. In this study, this PET tracer was used and validated to monitor the temporal dynamics of inflammatory processes during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in nonhuman primates.

A Social Disruptiveness-Based Approach to AI Governance: Complementing the Risk-Based Approach of the AI Act.

The AI Act advances a risk-based approach to the legal regulation of AI systems in the European Union. While we support this development, we argue that adequate AI governance requires paying attention to the broader implications of AI systems on the socio-technical landscape in which they are designed, developed, and used. In addition to risk-based impact assessments, this involves coming to terms with the socially disruptive implications of AI, which should be governed and guided in a dynamic ecosystem of regulation, law, ethics, and evolving human practice.

Are specific PTSD criteria associated with treatment outcome in traumatized veterans and police officers?

A significant proportion of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) do not respond sufficiently to trauma treatment. To date, it has not been clearly demonstrated which patients respond well and which do not. This study examined whether lifetime direct and interpersonal trauma exposure as well as the four distinct symptom clusters of PTSD were associated with treatment outcome.

Dissecting causal relationships between cortical morphology and neuropsychiatric disorders: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Brain cortical morphology, indexed by its surface area and thickness, is known to be highly heritable. Previous research has suggested a relationship of cortical morphology with several neuropsychiatric phenotypes. However, the multitude of potential confounders makes it difficult to establish causal relationships.

The multifaceted role of the viral 2A protease in enterovirus replication and antagonism of host antiviral responses.

Enteroviruses dramatically remodel the cellular infrastructure for efficient replication and curtailing host antiviral responses. The roles of viral proteins in these processes have been studied mostly in vitro, by ectopic overexpression, or by surrogate infection systems, all of which have shortcomings. Here, we replace the essential 2A cleavage site at the P1-P2 junction with an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), 3CD cleavage site, or T2A sequence, allowing us to catalytically inactivate 2Apro in the virus context.

Impact of bacterial vaginosis on sexually transmitted viral infections: a bacterial point of view.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a complex polymicrobial vaginal infection that affects a large percentage of women during different stages of life including the reproductive age. In a healthy vaginal environment, the epithelium is colonized by protective Lactobacillus species that make up 90-95% of the total vaginal microbiota. BV is characterized by a reduction of lactobacilli and a concurrent increase in diverse anaerobic bacteria, including Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Hoylesella timonensis, and Fannyhessea vaginae.

Comparison of capillary dried blood spot and capillary microtubes with venous immunoglobulin G levels for routine diagnostics.

Background And Aims: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies receiving immunoglobulin replacement therapy require frequent monitoring of immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. Capillary IgG measurements from dried blood spots (DBS) or microtubes offer several advantages over samples obtained by venipuncture, including facilitating remote self-sampling. However, the validity of this alternative method is still unknown.

Effect of High Altitude on Small Pulmonary Vein and Artery Volume in the COPDGene Cohort: Towards Better Understanding of Lung Physiology and Pulmonary Disease.

To personalize the care for persons with smoking-related lung disease, a thorough understanding of its etiology is essential. The role of pulmonary vessels remains poorly understood. Living at high altitude provides a natural model to investigate the effects of low oxygen levels on pulmonary vessels.

The Carotid Siphon as a Pulsatility Modulator for Brain Protection: Role of Arterial Calcification Formation.

A healthy vasculature with well-regulated perfusion and pulsatility is essential for the brain. One vascular structure that has received little attention is the carotid siphon. The proximal portion of the siphon is stiff due to the narrow location in the skull base, whilst the distal portion is highly flexible.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk of all-cause mortality: a population-based cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Aim: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) have a direct cardiac effect that is independent of their glucose-lowering renal effect. We investigated the relation between SGLT-2is and all-cause mortality compared with (1) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) and (2) metformin monotherapy in type 2 diabetes among subjects with a diabetes duration of <5 years at cohort entry.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted among patients initiating a new antidiabetic drug class between January 2013 and September 2020 by extracting data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Are Equine Assisted Interactions (EAI) a Dark Horse Bet? A Systematic Review on Measuring the Psychological and Physiological Effects of EAI on PTSD, Anxiety and/or Mood Disorders.

Background: Conventional forms of trauma-focused psychological interventions seem to be less effective in military veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Equine Assisted Interventions (EAI) have become increasingly popular as an additional treatment, resulting in increasing research on the effects of EAI. However, no systematic review on the effects of EAI has focused on PTSD, anxiety and/or mood disorders and whether the effects are reflected in psychological and physiological measures.

Observation and Control of Chiral Spin Frustration in BiYIG Thin Films.

Chiral interactions within magnetic layers stabilize the formation of noncollinear spin textures, which can be leveraged to design devices with tailored magnetization dynamics. Here, we introduce chiral spin frustration in which energetically degenerate magnetic states frustrate the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We demonstrate magnon-driven switching of the chirally frustrated spin states in Bi-substituted yttrium iron garnet thin films.

Communication increases cooperation among students in a coordination game.

Cooperation often requires individuals to balance personal risk with mutual gain. The Stag Hunt game provides a well-established paradigm for studying such decision-making. Prior research suggested that verbal communication about the game correlated with participants finding the optimal coordinated solution, but these studies either did not manipulate communication directly or informed participants of the payoff structure in advance.

Coupling antigorite deformation and dehydration in high-pressure experiments.

Unlabelled: The dehydration of antigorite is an important reaction in subduction zones with implications on both geochemical and geophysical processes. In this experimental study we focus on the onset of antigorite dehydration and investigate various chemical and physical parameters as possible drivers for the fluid release. We performed hydrostatic and co-axial Griggs experiments on antigorite serpentinites with variable chemical composition and microstructures at high-pressure and high-temperature conditions across the antigorite dehydration (1.