Low-grade persistent poliovirus infection in long-term polio survivors diagnosed with post-polio syndrome: diagnostic and clinical implications.

Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS) remains unclear. We investigated 251 participants from Northern Italy: long-term polio survivors with PPS, long-term polio survivors with stable polio, family members of both groups, subjects with neurological disorders other than poliomyelitis, and healthy controls. This study investigated whether persistent viral activity or the existence of viral reservoirs contributes to causing PPS.

Preoperative Mechanical Ventilation Prior to Surgical Repair for Type A Aortic Dissection: Incidence, Risk, and Outcomes.

Objectives: Several conditions associated with type A aortic dissection may require preoperative invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The current literature lacks data on this subset of patients' prevalence and postoperative outcomes. This study aims to investigate this unexplored issue in a multicenter European registry.

Five-Year Results of Aortic Valve Replacement With a Novel Bioprosthesis: Real-World Data From a Large Multicenter Registry.

Background: The clinical performance and safety of a glutaraldehyde-free bioprosthetic valve using a novel tissue treatment in a large real-world patient population have not previously been reported.

Methods: This is a prospective, multicenter, real-world registry of all patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement with a novel bioprosthesis at 7 European cardiac surgery centers. The primary end point was the 5-year freedom from structural valve deterioration per Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 criteria.

Extent of surgical repair and outcomes after surgery for type A aortic dissection.

Background: Acute Stanford type A aortic dissection is a severe emergency condition that, if left untreated, is associated with a high mortality rate. The extent of surgical repair may impact the outcomes of these patients.

Method: Patients operated for acute type A aortic dissection from a multicentre European registry were included.

Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens: A Retrospective Epidemiological Study at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global health threat, projected to cause over 40 million deaths by 2050. ESKAPE pathogens (, , , , , and spp.) are major contributors to nosocomial infections and AMR.

2024 EACTS/EACTAIC/EBCP Guidelines on cardiopulmonary bypass in adult cardiac surgery.

Clinical practice guidelines consolidate and evaluate all pertinent evidence on a specific topic available at the time of their formulation. The goal is to assist physicians in determining the most effective management strategies for patients with a particular condition. These guidelines assess the impact on patient outcomes and weigh the risk-benefit ratio of various diagnostic or therapeutic approaches.

Ascending aortic replacement versus aortic root replacement in patients with type A aortic dissection involving the aortic root.

Background: Extensive surgical resection of the thoracic aorta in patients with type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is thought to reduce the risk of late aortic wall degeneration and the need for repeat aortic operations.

Objectives: We evaluated the early and late outcomes after aortic root replacement and supracoronary ascending aortic replacement in patients with TAAD involving the aortic root.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter cohort study.

Survival after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection in octogenarians.

Objective: To evaluate the benefits of surgical repair acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) on survival of octogenarians.

Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for acute ATAAD from the multicenter European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD) were the subjects of the present analysis.

Results: 326 (8.

The David Versus the Bentall Procedure for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition which requires prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment. When TAAD involves the aortic root, aortic valve-sparing or Bentall procedures are the main surgical treatment options. The subjects of this analysis were 3735 patients included in the European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD).

Malperfusion syndrome in patients undergoing repair for acute type A aortic dissection: Presentation, mortality, and utility of the Penn classification.

Background: The current study aims to report the presentation of the malperfusion syndrome in patients with acute type A aortic dissection admitted to surgery and its impact on mortality.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the multicenter European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection. The Penn classification was used to categorize malperfusion syndromes.

The SpO/FiO Ratio Combined with Prognostic Scores for Pneumonia and COVID-19 Increases Their Accuracy in Predicting Mortality of COVID-19 Patients.

Identifying high-risk COVID-19 patients is critical for emergency department decision-making. Our study's primary objective was to identify new independent predictors of mortality and their predictive utility in combination with traditional pneumonia risk assessment scores and new risk scores for COVID-19 developed during the pandemic. : A retrospective study was performed in two Italian University Hospitals.

Failure to Rescue After Resection of Perhilar Cholangiocarcinoma in an International Multicenter Cohort.

Background: Failure to rescue (FTR) is defined as the inability to prevent death after the development of a complication. FTR is a parameter in evaluating multidisciplinary postoperative complication management. The aim of this study was to evaluate FTR rates after major liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) and analyze factors associated with FTR.

A magnetic mucus-penetrating nanoagent boosting phlegm elimination for inhalation injury treatment.

Inhalation injuries arising from exposure to toxic gases or smoke in fires or industrial accidents pose grave risks and significant respiratory complications. The limited efficacy of current treatment strategies stems from challenges in delivering therapeutic agents across the mucus barrier to the damaged trachea and bronchus. This research explores the reparative potential and underlying mechanisms of sputum-penetrable magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), combined with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and loaded with ambroxol hydrochloride (AH) (MNPs@PNIPAM-AH@PEG) as an innovative therapeutic approach for inhalation injuries.

Peceleganan Spray for the Treatment of Skin Wound Infections: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Peceleganan spray is a novel topical antimicrobial agent targeted for the treatment of skin wound infections. However, its efficacy and safety remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of peceleganan spray for the treatment of wound infections.

Combining antibiotic-loaded bone cement-based free vastus lateralis muscle-sparing flap with split-thickness skin grafts: A reliable strategy for reconstructing diabetic foot ulcers at non-weight-bearing areas.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) present significant challenges due to their associated amputation rates, mortality, treatment complexity and excessive costs. Our earlier work introduced a wound surgical integrated treatment (WSIT) for DFUs, yielding promising outcomes. This study focuses on a specific WSIT protocol employing antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) in the first Stage, and free vastus lateralis muscle-sparing (VLMS) flaps and split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) in the second stage to repair non-weight-bearing DFUs.

COVID-19: The Development and Validation of a New Mortality Risk Score.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has found the whole world unprepared for its correct management. Italy was the first European country to experience the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus at the end of February 2020. As a result of hospital overcrowding, the quality of care delivered was not always optimal.

Higher Postoperative Mortality and Inferior Survival After Right-Sided Liver Resection for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Left-Sided Resection is Preferred When Possible.

Background: A right- or left-sided liver resection can be considered in about half of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA), depending on tumor location and vascular involvement. This study compared postoperative mortality and long-term survival of right- versus left-sided liver resections for pCCA.

Methods: Patients who underwent major liver resection for pCCA at 25 Western centers were stratified according to the type of hepatectomy-left, extended left, right, and extended right.