Solid-state polycyclotrimerization of diynes to porous organic polymers.

Herein, we report a solid-state polycyclotrimerization of 1,4-diethynylbenzene using mechanochemical activation in a ball mill, yielding a highly porous and hydrophobic hyperbranched polymer (HBP) with a specific surface area of up to 570 m g. The reaction, catalyzed by Fe(hmds) and conducted under solvent-free conditions, was optimized by varying milling time and frequency. This method enables the efficient synthesis of insoluble, porous organic polymers with high yields (up to 95%) and offers an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional solution-based polymerizations.

A myotropic AAV vector combined with skeletal muscle -regulatory elements improve glycogen clearance in mouse models of Pompe disease.

Pompe disease is a glycogen storage disorder caused by mutations in the acid α-glucosidase (GAA) gene, leading to reduced GAA activity and glycogen accumulation in heart and skeletal muscles. Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant GAA, the standard of care for Pompe disease, is limited by poor skeletal muscle distribution and immune responses after repeated administrations. The expression of GAA in muscle with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors has shown limitations, mainly the low targeting efficiency and immune responses to the transgene.

Plant-fungus synergy against soil salinity: The cellular and molecular role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in disease control by establishing symbiotic relationships with plant roots. AMF improve salinity tolerance in plants by regulating the Na/K ratio through selective ion transport and mediate osmotic regulation by inducing the accumulation of osmotic-compatible solutes such as glycine betaine and proline to enable plant cells to maintain water content and the metabolic balance. AMF can also activate antioxidant defense responses by stimulating enzymes that protect plant cells from harmful oxidation and pathological infections.

Addressing sputum challenges in bronchiectasis: high-flow therapy as a game-changer for airway clearance care.

https://bit.ly/44jcdWz.

High-resolution imaging system for integration into intelligent noncontact total body scanner.

Significance: Melanoma's rising incidence demands automatable high-throughput approaches for early detection such as total body scanners, integrated with computer-aided diagnosis. High-quality input data is necessary to improve diagnostic accuracy and reliability.

Aim: This work aims to develop a high-resolution optical skin imaging module and the software for acquiring and processing raw image data into high-resolution dermoscopic images using a focus stacking approach.

Exploring allosteric properties of mammalian ALOX15: octyl (-(4-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)- and octyl (-(4-(1-indol-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)carbamates as ALOX inhibitors.

Mammalian ALOX15 are allosteric enzymes but the mechanism of allosteric regulation remains a matter of discussion. Octyl (-(5-(1-indol-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl)carbamate inhibits the linoleate oxygenase activity of ALOX15 at nanomolar concentrations, but oxygenation of arachidonic acid is hardly affected. The mechanism of substrate selective inhibition suggests inter-monomer communication within the allosteric ALOX15 dimer complex, in which the inhibitor binding to monomer A induces conformational alterations in the structure of the active site of monomer B.

Photomediated C-H trifluoromethoxylations enabled by bis(trifluoromethyl)peroxide.

We describe a photomediated protocol for the trifluoromethoxylation of benzylic, aldehydic, and non-activated C-H bonds, using bis(trifluoromethyl)peroxide (BTMP, (FCO)) as the key reagent. Under catalyst-free conditions in acetone, this reaction proceeds with selective functionalization of benzylic methylene groups. Furthermore, by using tetrabutylammonium decatungstate as a photocatalyst, the scope extends to include both non-activated methylene C(sp)-H and formyl C(sp)-H bonds.

First light them up: photoresponsive imine-containing systems.

The reversible covalent bond formation that underpins dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) enables the construction of stimuli-responsive systems and the efficient assembly of complex architectures. While most DCC studies have focused on systems at thermodynamic equilibrium, there is growing interest in systems that operate away from equilibrium-either by shifting to a new free-energy landscape in response to a stimulus, or by accessing an out-of-equilibrium state following an energy input. Imine-based systems are especially attractive due to the accessibility of their building blocks and their dynamic behavior in both condensation and transimination reactions.

Habitat and land-use intensity shape moth community structure across temperate forest and grassland.

Land-use change and intensification are major drivers of biodiversity loss, yet their effects on diversity have usually been studied within a single habitat type or land-use category, limiting our understanding of cross-habitat patterns. Moths, a species-rich taxon worldwide, represent a significant portion of the biodiversity in both temperate forests and grasslands, functioning as pollinators and herbivores. While increasing land-use intensity (LUI) in both habitats is expected to negatively impact moth assemblages, the strength of this effect remains uncertain.

Electrosurgical Catheter Reshaping to Unify a Double Atrial SEptal Defect (ERASED Procedure) for Single-Device Percutaneous Closure.

We present the first case of a double atrial septal defect (ASD) successfully reshaped using transcatheter electrosurgery to unify both defects into a single orifice, enabling closure with a single device. This technique appears feasible and may simplify the management of complex double ASDs in some cases.

Dietary Consumption of Type 2 Resistant Starch and d-Fagomine Delays Progression of Metabolic Disturbances in Male Rats on High-Fat Diet.

High-fat (HF) diets contribute to obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver, gut microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and low-grade chronic inflammation. This study evaluated the preventive effects of dietary Type 2 resistant starch (RS2) from high-amylose maize and low-dose d-fagomine (FG) from buckwheat on these metabolic disturbances. Male Wistar-Kyoto rats (9-10 weeks old) were assigned to four diet groups for 10 weeks: standard (STD) diet, HF diet (45% kcal from fat), HF + RS diet (15% RS2), and HF + FG diet (0.

Work-related stress and burnout: Is epigenetic aging the missing link?

Background: Work-related stress is a well-established contributor to mental health decline, particularly in the context of burnout, a state of prolonged exhaustion. Epigenetic clocks, which estimate biological age based on DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns, have been proposed as potential biomarkers of chronic stress and its impact on biological aging and health. However, their role in mediating the relationship between work-related stress, physiological stress markers, and burnout remains unclear.

Long-term recovery of sensorimotor functions and prediction of participation in survivors of critical illness: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Survivors of critical illness frequently face physical, cognitive and psychological impairments after intensive care. Sensorimotor impairments potentially have a negative impact on participation. However, comprehensive understanding of sensorimotor recovery and participation in survivors of critical illness is limited.

Impact of osteotomy angle on bone failure risk in a modified pull-through approach: a finite element analysis.

Background: A modified pull-through approach represents a promising treatment strategy to access tumors in the posterior oral cavity. The design of the wedge osteotomy plays a key role in preserving postoperative mechanical stability while enabling surgical access. However, the optimal osteotomy design to reduce fracture risk remains unclear.

Depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder and perceived psychosocial care during hospital stay after myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Myocardial infarctions (MI) significantly contribute to the global disease burden and are often followed by psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These are frequently underrecognized and insufficiently addressed in clinical care. This study aims to investigate the psychosocial impact of MI, identify risk factors for psychological burden following an MI, and gain insight into the perceived psychological care during hospitalization.

The prospective association of prenatal anxiety symptoms in mothers and fathers with general child development 14 months postpartum and the mediating role of parent-child bonding: a mediation analysis within the longitudinal cohort study DREAM.

Background: Anxiety symptoms during pregnancy are a frequent mental health issue for expectant mothers and fathers. Research revealed that prenatal anxiety symptoms can impact parent-child bonding and child development. This study aims to investigate the prospective relationship between prenatal anxiety symptoms and general child development and whether it is mediated by parent-child bonding.

Prognostic value of [F]FET-PET in diffuse low-grade (grade 2) gliomas after the 2021 classification of CNS tumors.

Purpose: Amino acid PET with [F]-fluoroethylthyrosine ([F]FET-PET) is frequently utilized in gliomas. Most studies on prognostication based on amino acid PET comprise mixed cohorts of brain tumors with low- and high-grade features. The objective of this study was to assess the potential prognostic value of [F]FET-PET-based markers in the group of grade 2 adult-type diffuse gliomas, as defined by the WHO CNS 2021 classification.

The imitation game: large language models versus multidisciplinary tumor boards: benchmarking AI against 21 sarcoma centers from the ring trial.

Purpose: The study aims to compare the treatment recommendations generated by four leading large language models (LLMs) with those from 21 sarcoma centers' multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTBs) of the sarcoma ring trial in managing complex soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cases.

Methods: We simulated STS-MTBs using four LLMs-Llama 3.2-vison: 90b, Claude 3.

The Solve-RD Solvathons as a pan-European interdisciplinary collaboration to diagnose patients with rare disease.

Despite advances in genomic diagnostics, the majority of individuals with rare diseases remain without a confirmed genetic diagnosis. The rapid emergence of advanced omics technologies, such as long-read genome sequencing, optical genome mapping and multiomic profiling, has improved diagnostic yield but also substantially increased analytical and interpretational complexity. Addressing this complexity requires systematic multidisciplinary collaboration, as recently demonstrated by targeted diagnostic workshops.

[Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors in perioperative medicine : Effects, side effects and current recommendations].

Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are oral antidiabetic drugs that were developed for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus and are now also approved for treating chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease. By inhibiting SGLT‑2 in the proximal renal tubule, urinary excretion of glucose is increased. Large randomized trials have demonstrated improved glycemic control, reduced cardiovascular events and lower mortality but also an increased risk of urogenital infections and dehydration.

Indications for haematopoietic cell transplantation and CAR-T for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders: 2025 EBMT practice recommendations.

For over two decades, the EBMT has updated recommendations on indications for haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) practice based on clinical and scientific developments in the field. This is the ninth special EBMT report on indications for HCT for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders. Our aim is to provide guidance on HCT indications according to prevailing clinical practice in EBMT countries and centres.

Mitochondria delay action potential propagation.

The internal resistance of axons to ionic current flow determines action potential conduction velocity. Although mitochondria support axonal function, axons have been modeled as organelle-free cables, and mitochondrial impact on conduction velocity, specifically by increasing internal resistance, remains understudied. We combine computational modeling and electron microscopy of forebrain premotor axons controlling birdsong production.

[Area-level socioeconomic deprivation, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms: a multilevel analysis using data from the GEDA 2019/2020 study].

Background: The prevalence of mental disorders in Germany is associated with socioeconomic position. International studies further indicate area-level correlations linking higher levels of socioeconomic deprivation with increased mental health burdens. However, these area-level associations have not yet been systematically examined in Germany and it is unclear whether socioeconomic disparities in mental health outcomes are contingent upon area-level socioeconomic deprivation.