First Sub-MeV Dark Matter Search with the QROCODILE Experiment Using Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors.

We present the first results from the Quantum Resolution-Optimized Cryogenic Observatory for Dark matter Incident at Low Energy (QROCODILE). The QROCODILE experiment uses a microwire-based superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) as a target and sensor for dark matter scattering and absorption, and is sensitive to energy deposits as low as 0.11 eV.

Uncovering phenotypic inheritance from single cells with Microcolony-seq.

Uncovering phenotypic heterogeneity is fundamental to understanding processes such as development and stress responses. Due to the low mRNA abundance in single bacteria, determining biologically relevant heterogeneity remains a challenge. Using Microcolony-seq, a methodology that captures inherited heterogeneity by analyzing microcolonies originating from single bacterial cells, we uncover the ubiquitous ability of bacteria to maintain long-term inheritance of the host environment.

Systema: a framework for evaluating genetic perturbation response prediction beyond systematic variation.

Predicting transcriptional responses to genetic perturbations is challenging in functional genomics. While recent methods aim to infer effects of untested perturbations, their true predictive power remains unclear. Here, we show that current methods struggle to generalize beyond systematic variation, the consistent transcriptional differences between perturbed and control cells arising from selection biases or confounders.

Quantum Diamond Microscopy of Individual Vaterite Microspheres Containing Magnetite Nanoparticles.

Biocompatible vaterite microspheres, renowned for their porous structure, are promising carriers for magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery and diagnostic imaging. Precise control over the magnetic moment of individual microspheres is crucial for these applications. This study employs widefield quantum diamond microscopy to map the stray magnetic fields of individual vaterite microspheres (3-10 μm) loaded with FeO MNPs of varying sizes (5 nm, 10 nm, and 20 nm).

Subnanosecond Electrical Control of Dipolariton-Based Optical Circuits with a Few Femtojoule per Bit Power Consumption.

The next generation of photonic circuits will require programmable, subnanosecond, and energy-efficient components on a scalable platform for quantum and neuromorphic computing. Here, we present subnanosecond electrical control of highly nonlinear light-matter hybrid quasi-particles, called waveguide exciton-dipolaritons, in a highly scalable waveguide-on-chip geometry, and with extremely low power consumption. Our device performs as an optical transistor with a GHz-rate electrical modulation at a record-low total energy consumption <8 fJ/bit and a compact active area of down to 25 μm.

Effect of preferential node deletion on the structure of networks that evolve via preferential attachment.

We present analytical results for the effect of preferential node deletion on the structure of networks that evolve via node addition and preferential attachment. To this end, we consider a preferential-attachment-preferential-deletion model, in which at each time step, with probability P_{add} there is a growth step where an isolated node is added to the network, followed by the addition of m edges, where each edge connects a node selected uniformly at random to a node selected preferentially in proportion to its degree. Alternatively, with probability P_{del}=1-P_{add} there is a contraction step, in which a preferentially selected node is deleted and its links are erased.

Soft Spots in Shell Buckling.

The energy landscape of thin shells under quasistatic loading represents their potential energy as a function of their shape. It has recently been shown for a narrow plate [S. Lachmann and S.

Spatially defined multicellular functional units in colorectal cancer revealed from single cell and spatial transcriptomics.

While advances in single cell genomics have helped to chart the cellular components of tumor ecosystems, it has been more challenging to characterize their specific spatial organization and functional interactions. Here, we combine single cell RNA-seq, spatial transcriptomics by Slide-seq, and multiplex RNA analysis, to create a detailed spatial map of healthy and dysplastic colon cellular ecosystems and their association with disease progression. We profiled inducible genetic CRC mouse models that recapitulate key features of human CRC, assigned cell types and epithelial expression programs to spatial tissue locations in tumors, and computationally used them to identify the regional features spanning different cells in the same spatial niche.

Nanoscale Magnetic Effects in CrGeTe-A Review.

Van der Waals (vdW) ferromagnets have garnered extensive attention thanks to their layered structures and the possibility of thinning them down to just a few atomic layers. This review discusses the emergent nanoscale magnetism in CrGeTe₃ (CGT), a 2-D vdW ferromagnet, focusing on its nanoscale properties and potential spintronic applications. We report on local magnetic probe techniques showing that thin CGT films exhibit spontaneous global magnetization at zero field, while thicker flakes display a hard ferromagnetic response only at their edges.

Multiphase autoresonant excitations in the Korteweg-de Vries system.

Autoresonant (continuously phase-locked) two-phase waves of the Korteweg-de Vries equation are excited and controlled using a two-component, small amplitude, chirped frequency driving. These solutions are analyzed in the weakly nonlinear regime. The theory is based on Whitham's averaged variational principle.

Experimental Certification of High-Dimensional Entanglement with Randomized Measurements.

High-dimensional entangled states offer higher information capacity and stronger resilience to noise compared with two-dimensional systems. However, the large number of modes and sensitivity to random rotations complicate experimental entanglement certification. Here, we experimentally certify three-dimensional entanglement in a five-dimensional two-photon state using 800 Haar-random measurements implemented via a ten-plane programmable light converter.

Mutant EZH2 alters the epigenetic network and increases epigenetic heterogeneity in B cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B cell lymphomas and follicular lymphomas show recurrent mutations in epigenetic regulators; among these are loss-of-function mutations in KMT2D and gain-of-function mutations in EZH2. To systematically explore the effects of these mutations on the wiring of the epigenetic network, we applied a single-cell approach to probe a wide array of histone modifications. We show that mutant-EZH2 elicits extensive effects on the epigenome of lymphomas, beyond alterations to H3K27 methylations, and is epistatic over KMT2D mutations.

Continuum mechanics of differential growth in disordered granular matter.

Disordered granular matter exhibits mechanical responses that occupy the boundary between fluids and solids, lacking a complete description within a continuum theoretical framework. Recent studies have shown that, in the quasi-static limit, the mechanical response of disordered solids to external perturbations is anomalous and can be accurately predicted by the theory of "odd dipole screening." In this work, we investigate responsive granular matter, where grains change size in response to stimuli such as humidity, temperature, or other factors.

Unified theoretical framework for wide neural network learning dynamics.

Artificial neural networks have revolutionized machine learning in recent years, but a complete theoretical framework for their learning process is still lacking. Substantial theoretical advances have been achieved for wide networks, within two disparate theoretical frameworks: the neural tangent kernel (NTK), which assumes linearized gradient descent dynamics, and the Bayesian neural network Gaussian process (NNGP) framework. Here we unify these two theories using gradient descent learning dynamics with an additional small noise in an ensemble of wide deep networks.

Nonlinear optical simulation of the post-Newton Schrödinger equation.

One of the grand open problems of modern physics is the unification of Einstein's general relativity and quantum mechanics. This challenge has been approached by the greatest physicists but there is still no complete theory and experimental evidence remains out of reach. The Newton-Schrödinger equation (NSE) offers insight into this puzzle, as it describes a quantum wavefunction under self-gravity dynamics.

Autoresonant Removal of Fusion Products in Mirror Machines.

Magnetic confinement fusion reactors produce fusion byproduct particles that must be removed for efficient operation. It is suggested to use autoresonance (a continuous phase locking between anharmonic motion and a chirped drive) to remove the fusion products from a magnetic mirror, the simplest magnetic confinement configuration. An analogy to the driven pendulum is established via the guiding center approximation.

Geometrically frustrated rose petals.

Growth and form are deeply interconnected, in a manner often mediated by mechanical instabilities arising from geometric incompatibilities. Although Gauss incompatibility has long been recognized as the source of morphing in naturally growing slender organs, here we show that the growth profile of rose petals remains Gauss compatible. Their distinctive shape emerges from a different type of geometric incompatibility, the Mainardi-Codazzi-Peterson (MCP) incompatibility, which leads to the formation of localized cusps along the petal margins.

Formation of a membraneless compartment regulates bacterial virulence.

The RNA-binding protein CsrA regulates the expression of hundreds of genes in several bacterial species, thus controlling virulence and other processes. However, the outcome of the CsrA-mRNA interactions is modulated by competing small RNAs and other factors through mechanisms that are only partially understood. Here, we show that CsrA accumulates in a dynamic membraneless compartment in cells of E.

Robust Noise Suppression and Quantum Sensing by Continuous Phased Dynamical Decoupling.

We propose and demonstrate experimentally continuous phased dynamical decoupling (CPDD), where we apply a continuous field with discrete phase changes for quantum sensing and robust compensation of environmental and amplitude noise. CPDD does not use short pulses, making it particularly suitable for experiments with limited driving power or nuclear magnetic resonance at high magnetic fields. It requires control of the timing of the phase changes, offering much greater precision than the Rabi frequency control needed in standard continuous sensing schemes.

Iridium-Based Time-Resolved Luminescent Sensor for Ba Detection.

We present a new time-resolved chemosensor for the detection of Ba ions. Our sensor is based on an iridium(III) compound with dual (fluorescent and phosphorescent) emission. The nature of the luminescence response of the sensor depends on its state; specifically, the phosphorescence emission of the free state at long wavelengths is strongly suppressed, while that of the Ba-chelated compound is strongly enhanced.

Anomalous thickness dependence of the vortex pearl length in few-layer NbSe.

The coexistence of multiple types of orders is a common thread in condensed matter physics and unconventional superconductors. The nature of superconducting orders may be unveiled by analyzing local perturbations such as vortices. For thin films, the vortex magnetic profile is characterized by the Pearl-length , which is inversely proportional to the 2D superfluid density; hence, normally, also inversely proportional to the film thickness, .

Bactericidal activity of antibiotic combinations against clinical isolates of Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus casseliflavus.

Background: Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus casseliflavus are increasingly identified as causes of healthcare-associated infections. Although hepatobiliary infection and catheter-related bloodstream infection predominate, endovascular infection can also occur. The optimal treatment of these infections is unknown.

Random compressed coding with neurons.

Classical models of efficient coding in neurons assume simple mean responses-"tuning curves"- such as bell-shaped or monotonic functions of a stimulus feature. Real neurons, however, can be more complex: grid cells, for example, exhibit periodic responses that impart the neural population code with high accuracy. But do highly accurate codes require fine-tuning of the response properties? We address this question with the use of a simple model: a population of neurons with random, spatially extended, and irregular tuning curves.

Femtosecond laser-induced plasma filaments for beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration.

We describe the generation of plasma filaments for application in plasma-based particle accelerators. The complete characterization of a plasma filament generated by a low-energy self-guided femtosecond laser pulse is studied experimentally and theoretically in a low-pressure nitrogen gas environment. For this purpose, we adopted a spectroscopic methodology to measure the plasma density and electron temperature.