Proceedings: PET Drugs-A Workshop on Inspections Management and Regulatory Considerations.

Recent advances in the development of new molecular imaging agents for PET have led to the approval of several new molecular entities for PET imaging by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) within the last 10 y.

Blunt traumatic coronary artery dissection: A case study.

Background: Coronary artery dissection is an extremely rare but lethal complication of blunt chest trauma. Dissection may cause thrombus formation or vasospasm, leading to the clinical presentation of acute myocardial infarction. Diagnosis can be difficult as traumatic chest pain has several etiologies; therefore, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is necessary in all cases of thoracic trauma [1-3].

Pneumatosis intestinalis caused by colitis in a non-immunocompromised patient.

is an obligate enteric protozoan parasite commonly associated with severe symptoms such as profound diarrhea and dehydration in the immunocompromised, particularly those living with HIV/AIDS. In the immunocompetent, is self-limited, and characterized by mild non-bloody diarrhea with associated nausea and vomiting. We present an unusual case of presumed colitis, in an immunocompetent host, characterized by anorexia and pneumoperitoneum.

Phalloplasty Complicated by Penile Artery Thrombosis, Recurrent Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Colovesical Fistula, and Enterococcus Faecalis Endocarditis.

is an enteric microorganism that, if introduced into the vasculature, is an uncommon cause of infective endocarditis. Timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment measures, and close follow-up are key to therapeutic success. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of therapy, and surgical intervention is sometimes indicated.

A Unique Presentation of Acute Kidney Injury With COVID-19.

Although the respiratory system is the primary target of COVID-19 pneumonia, it can also notably affect the other systemic organs such as renal and cardiac. The incidence and prevalence of SARS CoV-2 associated acute renal failure are emerging day by day. While the pathogenesis is not clearly understood, it is considered multifactorial.

Myocardial Composition in Light-Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis More Than 1 Year After Successful Therapy.

Objectives: The goals of this study were to characterize myocardial composition during the active and remission phases of light-chain (AL) cardiac amyloidosis.

Background: Cardiac dysfunction in AL amyloidosis is characterized by dual insults to the myocardium from infiltration and toxicity from light chains during the active phase and by infiltration alone in the remission phase.

Methods: Prospectively enrolled subjects with cardiac AL amyloidosis (21 remission AL amyloidosis; age: 63.

Long segment spinal reconstruction of C3-T1 utilizing single strut fibula free flap following debridement and corpectomy for chronic osteomyelitis.

Cervical vertebral osteomyelitis (CVO) is a complex destructive pathology that presents as a significant challenge to reconstructive surgeons. Advanced cases of CVO involving neurologic deficits, spinal column instability, or refractory infection require surgical intervention with bony debridement and decompression followed by spinal reconstruction, realignment, and stabilization. Reconstruction of the spine is typically performed through an anterior approach with or without posterior instrumentation.

Targeted Muscle Reinnervation in Partial Hand Amputations.

Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) surgery has been shown to aid in prevention and treatment of neuropathic pain. Technical and anatomical descriptions of TMR surgery for upper extremity amputees (including transradial, transhumeral, and forequarter amputations) have been reported, yet such descriptions of TMR surgery for partial hand amputations are currently lacking. Herein we outline the technique of different types of partial hand amputation TMR surgeries to serve as a reference and guide.

Quality of Care for Gallstone Pancreatitis-the Impact of the Acute Care Surgery Model and Hospital-Level Operative Resources.

Background: Index cholecystectomy is the standard of care for gallstone pancreatitis. Hospital-level operative resources and implementation of an acute care surgery (ACS) model may impact the ability to perform index cholecystectomy. We aimed to determine the influence of structure and process measures related to operating room access on achieving index cholecystectomy for gallstone pancreatitis.

Comparison of prostate cancer detection rates in patients undergoing MRI/TRUS fusion prostate biopsy with two different software-based systems.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted prostate biopsy is a routinely used diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa) detection. However, a clear superiority of the optimal approach for software-based MRI processing during biopsy procedures is still unanswered. To investigate the impact of robotic approach and software-based image processing (rigid vs.

Non-aromatic Anticonvulsant (Divalproex Sodium)-Induced Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome.

A wide array of commonly prescribed antiepileptic medications, antibiotics, antivirals, anti-parasitic, and antihyperuricemic can cause Drug Reaction Eosinophilia and Systemic Syndrome (DRESS)- a drug induced hypersensitivity reaction characterized by cutaneous manifestation, fever, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia and one or more visceral organ involvement. The rare occurrence in clinical settings and wide variety of clinical presentations make DRESS a diagnostically challenging case. A vast majority of DRESS cases are attributed to the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsant medications - phenytoin and carbamazepines.

In-hospital outcomes of transapical versus surgical aortic valve replacement: from the U.S. national inpatient sample.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TA-TAVR) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) using a large US population sample.

Methods: The U.S.

Delays in Administration of the Second Antibiotic Dose in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of significant delays in administration of the second antibiotic dose in patients treated for severe sepsis and septic shock at a single community teaching hospital as well as to assess patient outcomes associated with second dose delays. This single-center, retrospective chart review evaluated patients who received at least 2 antibiotic doses for severe sepsis or septic shock. Patients were classified as having experienced a significant second dose delay if the actual interval between the first and the second antibiotic doses was greater than or equal to 125% of the recommended dosing interval.

Catastrophic Aortoenteric Fistula Due to an Eroding Bare Metal Duodenal Stent.

Deployment of bare metal duodenal stents for individuals with gastric outlet obstructions (GOOs) is a well-characterized measure to improve the quality of life. However, these interventions are palliative in nature and are associated with known complications. We present an unfortunate case of a previously not well described, albeit not surprising, a complication of stent placement.

Pleural Empyema in a Patient with Progressive Rheumatoid Arthritis and Immunosuppression.

is an anaerobic oral commensal organism that is often associated with inflammatory bowel disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes, respiratory tract infections, and Lemierre's syndrome. Rheumatoid arthritis is often associated with pleuropulmonary manifestations including noninfectious pleural effusions and interstitial lung disease. We present a case of a 47-year-old man with progressive rheumatoid arthritis on immunosuppressive therapy who was found to have a left-sided pleural effusion, thought secondary to possible pneumonia, and was treated with levofloxacin and methylprednisolone.

Evans Syndrome in a Jehovah's Witness.

Evans syndrome (ES) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by the development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), idiopathic thrombocytopenia, and occasionally immune-mediated neutropenia. Jehovah's Witnesses (JW) often decline blood product transfusion on the grounds of a scriptural stand based on biblical texts. The acute management of ES often consists of blood product transfusion in addition to high-dose steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin.

In-house intensivist presence does not affect mortality in select emergency general surgery patients.

Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between availability of round-the-clock (RTC) in-house intensivists and patient outcomes in people who underwent surgery for a life-threatening emergency general surgery (LT-EGS) disease such as necrotizing soft-tissue infection, ischemic enteritis, perforated viscus, and toxic colitis.

Methods: Data on hospital-level critical care structures and processes from a 2015 survey of 2,811 US hospitals were linked to patient-level data from 17 State Inpatient Databases. Patients who were admitted with a primary diagnosis code for an LT-EGS disease of interest and underwent surgery on date of admission were included in analyses.

Outpatient healthcare utilization among incident cases of systemic sclerosis: results from a population-based US cohort (1988-2016).

Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex, heterogeneous connective tissue disease with multiorgan dysfunction. This study aimed to compare healthcare utilization among incident cases of SSc versus age- and gender-matched comparators.

Method: A population-based cohort of physician-diagnosed patients with SSc in Olmsted County, MN, USA, from 1 January 1988 to 31 December 2016 was assembled.

A case of prosthetic hip infection and abscess caused by .

is a skin flora organism with few reported cases of pathology. Most cases have been described in urinary tract infections and skin and soft-tissue infections. We present the first known case of as a causative agent of a prosthetic hip infection with subsequent hip abscess.

Human Laterality Disorders: Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management.

Human laterality disorders comprise a group of diseases characterized by abnormal location (situs) and orientation of thoraco-abdominal organs and vessels across the left-right axis. Situs inversus totalis is mirror image reversal of thoraco-abdominal organs/great vessels. Situs ambiguus, better known as heterotaxy, is abnormal arrangement of thoraco-abdominal organs across the left-right axis excluding situs inversus totalis.

Ingestion of food grade hydrogen peroxide with resultant gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: case report and review with emphasis on the therapeutic value of HBO2 in vascular gas embolism.

A 52-year-old male accidentally ingested approximately 100 mL of 35% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting in the sudden onset of gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms. Non-contrast abdominal CT revealed extensive portal venous gas and gastric pneumatosis. The patient was treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy which resulted in complete resolution of symptoms.

Pasteurella Multocida Bacteremia and Septic Arthritis in a Patient With Non-Bite Animal Exposure.

() is a gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, and it is most commonly found in the oropharynx of healthy domestic animals, especially cats and dogs.  is classified as an opportunistic pathogen, infecting individuals only through direct contact via local trauma caused by animal bites or scratches. More serious infections, while rare, are typically associated with immunocompromised states, known pre-existing cavitary lung pathology, or malignancy.

Severe Shivering as an Adverse Effect of Regadenoson Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Regadenoson myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is a widely used screening study for patients with an intermediate pretest probability of coronary artery disease (CAD). Via selective agonism of the adenosine A2A receptor, regadenoson can induce coronary steal, revealing stenotic vessel territory through transient ischemia. Common side effects of this medication include chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, atrioventricular block, seizure, and allergic reactions.

Statin-Induced Necrotizing Autoimmune Myositis: Diagnosis and Management.

Statins are among the most frequently prescribed drugs as they effectively lower cardiovascular mortality. Atherosclerotic plaques are stabilized and lipid levels are lowered, as statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Patients placed on these drugs frequently report muscle aches, but true myositis that would call for discontinuance of the drug is actually uncommon.