Psychiatric Diagnoses in Prehospital Emergency Care and Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Incident Location at the District Level.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in prehospital emergency care and the characteristics of this patient group as well as the association with deprivation in the district, self-assessment of health status, and the frequency of emergency calls due to or accompanied by psychiatric diagnoses.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study descriptively and analytically evaluated all ground-based Emergency Medical Service and rescue service incidents dispatched by the Integrated Regional Control Center (IRLS) in the period from January 1, 2021 through December 31, 2021. In addition to the clinical parameters and the demographic data of the patients, the sociodemographic characteristics of the incident location at the district level, unemployment rate, net equivalent household income, and the proportion of single-person households, as well as personal assessment of mental health and overall well-being, were included in the study.

Oleandrin-mediated suppression of MELK induces apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer NSCLC is the major diagnosed type of lung cancers in the USA and Europe. It is generally related to poor prognosis and low rates of survival. Oleandrin is a cardiac glycoside occurring naturally in Nerium oleander (Apocynaceae).

Insights from the first 820 patients from the Brazilian Multicenter Registry of Hereditary Angioedema: the key role of genetic testing and targeted therapies.

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with a prevalence of 1:50,000 individuals. Delayed diagnosis and deaths from asphyxia still occur.

Objective: To identify knowledge and management gaps regarding clinical, genetic, and therapeutic aspects of HAE in Brazil, aiming to improve patient care and outcomes.

Impact of bleeding and thrombosis on outcome of 945 COVID-19 VV-ECMO cases from a German registry.

Unlabelled: Bleeding and thromboembolic events (BTE) increase the mortality of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The current analysis aimed to assess frequency and determinants of BTE according to their location and severity in a retrospective analysis of the German ECMO COVID-19 registry. Logistic regression was applied to identify factors influencing ICU survival as well as variables associated with risks of BTE.

Interoception in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesize current research on interoception in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the lifespan. A total of 31 studies meeting stringent inclusion and quality criteria were identified, incorporating both descriptive and numerical analyses of cardiac interoceptive accuracy (cIA), interoceptive sensibility (IS), and interoceptive awareness (IAW) in children, adolescents, and adults with ASD. The meta-analysis of five adult studies using comparable assessment tools found no significant differences in cIA between adults with ASD and neurotypically developed (NTD) controls [ = 5; = -.

Deep Learning Modeling to Differentiate Multiple Sclerosis From MOG Antibody-Associated Disease.

Background And Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is common in adults while myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is rare. Our previous machine-learning algorithm, using clinical variables, ≤6 brain lesions, and no Dawson fingers, achieved 79% accuracy, 78% sensitivity, and 80% specificity in distinguishing MOGAD from MS but lacked validation. The aim of this study was to (1) evaluate the clinical/MRI algorithm for distinguishing MS from MOGAD, (2) develop a deep learning (DL) model, (3) assess the benefit of combining both, and (4) identify key differentiators using probability attention maps (PAMs).

One-year mortality rates of fragility fractures of the pelvis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study investigates the 1-year mortality of fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP) in patients categorized under this system and treated with surgery or conservative methods, aiming to assess the algorithm's effectiveness.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for English studies on the 1-year mortality of FFP, with no publication date restrictions. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

UNRAVELLING THE PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS IN GRAVES' ORBITOPATHY.

Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is characterized by orbital inflammatory infiltration, expansion of orbital tissues due to de novo adipogenesis and over-production of hydrophilic glycosaminoglycans, as well as myofibroblastic differentiation resulting in tissue fibrosis. Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TSH-R-Ab) is the major stimulus, which activates Thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) / insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and its downstream signalling in orbital fibroblasts (OF). Clinical evaluation of TSH-R-Ab, the specific biomarker of Graves' disease (GD) and the associated orbitopathy, provides important clinical information concerning diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis of GO.

Mapping the arterial vascular network in an intact human kidney using hierarchical phase-contrast tomography.

The architecture of kidney vasculature is essential the organ's specialised functions, yet is challenging to structurally map in an intact human organ. Here, we combined hierarchical phase-contrast tomography (HiP-CT) with topology network analysis to enable quantitative assessment of the intact human kidney vasculature, from the renal artery to interlobular arteries. Comparison with kidney vascular maps described for rodents revealed similar topologies to human, but human kidney vasculature possessed a significantly sharper decrease in radius from hilum to cortex, deviating from theoretically optimal flow resistance for smaller vessels.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate metabolism impacts cellular α-Synuclein localisation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Alpha-Synuclein (αSyn), a hallmark protein of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease, is likely to be involved in neuronal membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle dynamics at axon terminals. Its specific binding to anionic phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) that are essential for intracellular signaling and membrane trafficking, suggests an involvement in vesicular transport processes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model organism for cell biological PD research, human αSyn localises to the plasma membrane via the secretory machinery.

Statistical learning and representational drift: A dynamic substrate for memories.

In many brain areas, neurons exhibit continuous changes in their tuning properties over days, even when supporting stable percepts and behaviors-a phenomenon termed representational drift. How do neuronal circuits maintain stable function when their constituent elements are in constant flux? Here, we review recent theoretical and experimental work on interconnected levels, ranging from perpetual changes in synapses driving drifts in tuning of individual neurons to emergent stability at the population level, preserving similarities of activity patterns associated to specific percepts or behaviors. We propose that statistical learning, beyond its well-established roles during development and adaptation to new contexts, is also essential under steady behavioral and environmental conditions to safeguard the stability of representational similarities.

Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in thyroid eye disease: evidence from bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Background: Oxidative stress is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of the autoimmune condition thyroid eye disease (TED). However, its precise molecular mechanisms and reliable biomarkers remain unclear. Bioinformatics enables the identification of differentially expressed genes through transcriptomic analysis.

Corrigendum to Studying Privacy Aspects of Learned Knowledge Bases in the Context of Synthetic and Medical Data.

This is a corrigendum to our GMDS 2024 article "Studying Privacy Aspects of Learned Knowledge Bases in the Context of Synthetic and Medical Data", published in Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, Volume 317 (IOS Press). The corrigendum improves the readability of the article and has no implications regarding the results or the conclusions of the original work.

Automated coronary analysis in ultrahigh-spatial resolution photon-counting detector CT angiography: Clinical validation and intra-individual comparison with energy-integrating detector CT.

Objectives: To evaluate a deep-learning algorithm for automated coronary artery analysis on ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography and compared its performance to expert readers using invasive coronary angiography as reference.

Methods: Thirty-two patients (mean age 68.6 years; 81 ​% male) underwent both energy-integrating detector and ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector CT within 30 days.

Gut microbiome and glial cell dialog: Role of TCM in the treatment of depression.

Background: Depression is characterized by low mood, cognitive slowing and a tendency to self-harm, and has a complex etiology involving abnormalities in neuromodulation (e.g., monoamine transmitter imbalance and reduced neuroplasticity).

Conserved LIR-specific interaction of Sigma-1 receptor and GABARAP.

Among its various functions, the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) has been reported to modulate macroautophagy. It is currently unknown how this activity is mediated. We phylogenetically, structurally, and biochemically analyzed σ1R regarding its function in autophagy.

Clustering within a single-component biomolecular condensate.

Biomolecular condensates (BMCs) are assemblies of hundreds to many thousands of macromolecules within cells that are organized without physical barriers. Condensate function is dictated not only by its molecular composition, but also by substructural organization and molecular mobility. One hypothesis for the onset of multiple protein aggregation diseases is that the increased densities of specific proteins within BMCs promotes the formation of solid inclusions.

AhR signaling in skin-resident CD207 cells is involved in UV-B-induced amelioration of neuroinflammation.

Environmental stimuli, including the exposure to ultraviolet (UV)-B light, are known to play a role in the modulation of immune-mediated mechanisms in multiple sclerosis (MS). In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we have shown that UV-B irradiation ameliorates disease outcome by regulatory T cells (Treg) expansion. Moreover, the UV-B-mediated induction of Treg numbers was also observed in MS.

The euroSAMPL1 p blind prediction and reproducible research data management challenge.

The development and testing of methods in computational chemistry for the prediction of physicochemical properties is by now a mature form of scientific research, with a number of different methods ranging from molecular mechanics simulations, over quantum calculations, to empirical and machine learning models. Blind prediction challenges for these properties are regularly organized to allow researchers from academia and industry to test their methods in a fair and unbiased manner. At the same time, research data management (RDM) is still not utilized as extensively as it could be in the development and application of such models, especially in academia.

Enhancing Gerbil Welfare Through Positive Reinforcement Training in Research Environments.

Improving laboratory animal welfare by minimizing stress and promoting species-appropriate handling is a central goal of contemporary biomedical research worldwide. Clicker training, a widely recognized form of positive reinforcement training, uses a click sound as a conditioned reinforcer to bridge the desired behavior and the reward, enabling animals to learn more quickly and with reduced stress. Our research group has previously demonstrated that clicker training functions as a form of cognitive enrichment in mice and rats.

Interpreting immunogenicity in oncology clinical trials.

Immunogenicity of a therapeutic protein product may elicit an unintended immune response, and is a critical aspect evaluated in oncology clinical trials. The development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can impact the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety of these therapies. We review the background and nomenclature of immunogenicity assessment in oncology studies and emphasize the complexities in ADA detection arising from assay sensitivity, drug interference, and notably, the frequency of patient sampling for ADA analysis.

Adverse competition-related cognitions and it's relation to satisfaction and subjective performance: a validation study in a sample of English-speaking athletes.

This study aimed at examining the reliability and validity of the Adverse Competition-related Cognitions Questionnaire (ACCQ) in an English-speaking sample of athletes. The ACCQ is a performance-focused measure that captures six different areas of adverse competition-related cognitions- athletic comparison, coach devaluation, devaluation of one's own performance, appreciation by coach and family, inner resistance against competitions, and general exhaustion. Data from 278 athletes (M = 27.